Comisión de Trabajo: Nuevas tendencias. Nuevas carreras. Nuevos perfiles profesionales [B]

Este texto no pretende ser dichos textuales sino acercar a los lectores una visión general de lo trabajado en la comisión durante los días en los que sesionó. Está elaborado con los apuntes tomados por los coordinadores y aportes de los asistentes

A case study of shallow radiation fogs over CIBA: observations and simulations (WRF and HARMONIE models)

Póster presentado en: EGU General Assembly celebrada del 7 al 12 de abril de 2013 en Viena, Austria.This research has been funded by the Spanish Government (projects CGL2009-12797-C03-03, CGL2011-13477-E and CGL2012-37416-C04-02)

Exploring the formation and dissipation of radiation fog from observational data and numerical model results (WRF and HARMONIE)

Póster presentado en: 16th EMS Annual Meeting & 11th European Conference on Applied Climatology (ECAC) celebrado del 12 al 16 de septiembre de 2016 en Trieste, Italia.This research has been funded by the Spanish Government (MINECO project CGL2012-37416-C04-02 and grant BES-2013064585). The GR3/14 program (supported by UCM and Banco Santander) has also partially financed this work through the Research Group Micrometeorology and Climate Variability (No.910437). The contribution by G-J. Steeneveld has partly been sponsored by the NOW contract 863.10.010 (Liftingthefog)

Supercell Convective Environments in Spain based on ERA5: Hail and Non-Hail Differences

Severe convective storms, in particular supercells, are occasionally responsible for a large number of property losses and damage in Spain. This paper aims to study the synoptic configurations and pre-convective environments in a dataset of 262 supercells during 2011–2020 in Spain. The events are grouped into supercells with hail (diameter larger than 5 cm) and without hail and the results are compared. ERA5 reanalysis is used to study the synoptic configurations and proximity atmospheric profiles related to the supercell events at the initial time. In addition, temperature, convective available potential energy, convective inhibition, lifting condensation level, level of free convection, height of freezing level, wind shear and storm-relative helicity are obtained for each event. Results show that supercells are more frequent on the Mediterranean coast during the warm season. Some of the variables analyzed present statistically significant differences between hail and non-hail events. In particular, supercells with hail are characterized by higher median values of most-unstable convective available potential energy than supercells without hail.This research has been supported by the Ministerio de Ciencia e Innovación (grant nos. PID2019‐105306RB‐I00, CGL2016-78702-C2-1-R, and CGL2016-78702-C2-2-R), the ECMWF Special Projects (grant nos. SPESMART and SPESVALE), the H2020 Marie Skłodowska-Curie Actions (grant no. 101019424), and the Ministerio de Ciencia e Innovación (grant nos. PRE2020-092343 and BES-2017-080025)

Consensus on the Clinical Approach to Moderate-to-Severe Atopic Dermatitis in Spain: A Delphi Survey

Background. The purpose of this study was to gather information on the current assessment and management of patients with moderate-to-severe AD in routine daily practice. Methods. A cross-sectional two-round Delphi survey with the participation of dermatologists and allergologists throughout Spain was conducted. They completed a 46-item questionnaire, and consensus was defined when responses of >= 80% of participants coincided in the categories of a 5-point Likert scale for that item. Results. A total of 105 specialists (aged 40-59 years) completed the two rounds. Participants agreed regarding the consideration of AD as a multifaceted disease and the differences in clinical presentation of AD according to the patient's age. It is recommendable to perform a skin biopsy to exclude early stage T-cell cutaneous lymphoma, psoriasis, or dermatitis herpetiformis, among others (99.1%). Also, consensus was reached regarding the use of the SCORAD index to quantify the severity of the disease (86.7%), the use of wet wraps to increase the effect of topical corticosteroids (90.4%), the usefulness of proactive treatment during follow-up (85.6%) and tacrolimus ointment (91.2%) to reduce new flares, and the fact that crisaborole is not the treatment of choice for severe AD (92.4%). AD was not considered a contraindication for immunotherapy in patients with allergic respiratory diseases (92.4%). In patients with severe AD, the use of immune response modifier drugs (97.6%) or phototherapy (92.8%) does not sufficiently cover their treatment needs. Consensus was also obtained regarding the role of the new biologic drugs (93.6%) targeting cytokines involved in the Th2 inflammatory pathway (92.0%) and the potential role of dupilumab as first-line treatment (90.4%) in moderate-to-severe AD patients. Conclusion. This study contributes a reference framework to the care of AD patients. There is no diagnostic test or biomarkers to direct treatment or to assess the severity of the disease, and many therapeutic challenges remain

CIBA2008, an experimental campaign on the atmospheric boundary layer: preliminary nocturnal results

Durante junio de 2008 se desarrolló una campaña de medidas en la Capa Límite Atmosférica en el CIBA (Centro de Investigaciones de la Baja Atmósfera), que se encuentra sobre un extenso páramo de la meseta norte (41º49’ N, 4º56’ W) de características de terreno homogéneo. Se ha dispuesto de instrumentación sobre una nueva torre meteorológica de 10 m, que incluye en varios niveles sensores de temperatura y humedad, anemómetros de cazoletas y veletas, así como un anemómetro sónico. Se disponía de dos microbarómetros con tecnología de cuarzo en los niveles de 50 y 100m sobre la torre principal (100 m) del CIBA. Además, tres microbarómetros adicionales se situaron en una disposición triangular de unos 200 m de lado en la superficie. Por otra parte, se utilizó un globo cautivo para la determinación de perfiles verticales de temperatura, viento y humedad hasta 1000 m de altura. Finalmente, un monitor de partículas GRIMM (MODELO 365), que permite la medida simultánea y continua de PM10, PM2.5 y PM1 cada 6 segundos, se instaló a 1.5m del suelo. Este trabajo mostrará algunos resultados preliminares de la campaña CIBA2008, analizando los principales procesos físicos presentes en la Capa Límite Nocturna (NBL), los diferentes periodos de estabilidad observados y los correspondientes parámetros turbulentos, así como las estructuras coherentes detectadas. Las perturbaciones de presión medidas en los diferentes microbarómetros permiten estudiar los principales parámetros ondulatorios a través de transformadas wavelet, y comparar dichas estructuras con las detectadas en los registros de viento y de partículas.This research has been funded by the Spanish Ministry of Science and Innovation (projects CGL 2006-12474-C03-03 and CGL2009-12797-C03-03). GR58/08 program (supported by BSCH and UCM) has also partially financed this work through the Research Group “Micrometeorology and Climate Variability” (nº 910437)

Horizontal kinetic energy analysis of tropical transition simulations with the WRF and HARMONIE-AROME models

Four tropical transition (TT) events in the North Atlantic basin are simulated with the Weather Research and Forecasting (WRF) and the HARMONIE-AROME (HAR) models to study the main features of the horizontal kinetic energy (HKE) spectra of these kinds of high-energetic atmospheric system. Though most of the times similar results are obtained with both models, HAR shows a more intense filtering and numerical dissipation, whereas WRF tends to represent overenergized spectra in the synoptic scale and especially at smaller wavelengths. Predictability is dissimilar for the four TTs studied due to the different spectral curve slope obtained for each case, ranging from unlimited to very poor predictability at synoptic scale.This work is funded by the Spanish Ministry of Economy under the research project PID2019-105306RB-I00/AEI/10.13039/501100011033 (IBERCANES)

Predicción de un episodio persistente de nieblas de radiación con los modelos WRF y HARMONIE

Ponencia presentada en: XXXIII Jornadas Científicas de la AME y el XIV Encuentro Hispano Luso de Meteorología celebrado en Oviedo, del 7 al 9 de abril de 2014.[EN]A period with more than ten days with radiation fogs has been observationally analysed using measurements from the Research Centre for the Lower Atmosphere (CIBA), in Valladolid. This period, characterized by strong surface cooling during nighttimes, has been simulated with the model Weather Research and Forecast (WRF) and with the Hirlam Aladin Research on Mesoscale Operational NWP in EuroMed (HARMONIE) model.[ES]Un periodo de más de diez días de nieblas de radiación ha sido estudiado con medidas meteorológicas disponibles en el Centro de Investigación de la Baja Atmósfera (CIBA) en Valladolid. Este periodo, caracterizado por intensos enfriamientos superficiales nocturnos, ha sido simulado con el modelo Weather Research and Forecasting (WRF) y con el modelo Hirlam Aladin Research on Mesoscale Operational NWP in EuroMed (HARMONIE).Esta investigación ha sido financiada por el Gobierno Español mediante los proyectos CGL2009-12797-C03-03, CGL2011-13477-E y CGL2012-37416-C04-02

Wind kinetic energy climatology and effective resolution for the ERA5 reanalysis

Producción CientíficaERA5 represents the state of the art for atmospheric reanalyses and is widely used in meteorological and climatological research. In this work, this dataset is evaluated using the wind kinetic energy spectrum. Seasonal climatologies are generated for 30° latitudinal bands in the Northern Hemisphere (periodic domain) and over the North Atlantic area (limited-area domain). The spectra are also assessed to determine the effective resolution of the reanalysis. The results present notable differences between the latitudinal domains, indicating that ERA5 is properly capturing the synoptic conditions. The seasonal variability is adequate too, being winter the most energetic, and summer the least energetic season. The limited area domain results introduce a larger energy density and range. Despite the good results for the synoptic scales, the reanalysis’ spectra are not able to properly reproduce the dissipation rates at mesoscale. This is a source of uncertainties which needs to be taken into account when using the dataset. Finally, a cyclone tropical transition is presented as a case study. The spectrum generated shows a clear difference in energy density at every wavelength, as expected for a highly-energetic status of the atmosphere.Ministerio de Asuntos Económicos y Transformación Digital y Universidad Complutense de Madrid (projects: (PID2019-105306RB-I00 (IBER - CANES), CGL2016-78702 (SAFEFLIGHT), PCIN-2016-080 and FEI-EU-17-16)Publicación en abierto financiada por el Consorcio de Bibliotecas Universitarias de Castilla y León (BUCLE), con cargo al Programa Operativo 2014ES16RFOP009 FEDER 2014-2020 DE CASTILLA Y LEÓN, Actuación:20007-CL - Apoyo Consorcio BUCL

The effects of integrated food and bioenergy cropping systems on crop yields, soil health, and biomass quality: The EU and Brazilian experience

Integrated food and bioenergy production is a promising way to ensure regional/national food and energy security, efficient use of soil resources, and enhanced biodiversity, while contributing to the abatement of CO2 emissions. The objective of this study was to assess alternative crop rotation schemes as the basis for integrating and enhancing the sustainable biomass production within the food-energy agricultural context. Sunn hemp (Crotalaria spp.) in rotation with wheat (Triticum spp.) in the EU and with sugarcane (Saccharum spp.) in Brazil were evaluated. Sunn hemp did not negatively affect crop's productivity and soil fertility; wheat grain yields were maintained around the mean regional production levels (6, 7, 3 and Mg ha(-1) in Greece, Italy, and Spain, respectively), and the cumulative biomass in the extended rotation (wheat straw+sunn hemp) was between 1.5 and 2.0 times higher than in the conventional rotation. In Brazil, sugarcane stalks yield in clay soils increased by around 15 Mg ha(-1) year(-1) under sunn hemp rotation in comparison with bare fallow. Moreover, sunn hemp in the EU rotations did not have negative effects on soil available macronutrients, organic matter, pH, and cation exchange capacity, neither on C and N stocks in Brazil. The qualitative characteristics (mineral, ash, and hemicelluloses contents) of the cumulated biomass were somehow higher (in average +26%, +35%, and +3.4%, respectively) than in the conventional system. In summary, in temperate and tropical climates the integration of dedicated biomass legume crops within conventional systems could lead to enhanced biomass availability, crop diversification, and efficient use (in space and time) of the land resources