The use of tinkerplots features: a study with brazilian students

The introduction of computers in schools does not guarantee the improvement of the teaching of Mathematics and Statistics, because it is necessary to consider pedagogical approaches and the software used. In this article we discuss a study that examined the interpretation of data amongst 12 students from Year 7 of elementary school who are familiar with computing environments. In pairs, the participants used the TinkerPlots software tools: Cards, Table, and Plot. Research data was collected in four sessions, via video recordings using Camtasia Studio, and field notes during the work of students. By using software tools, students organized data so as to obtain various forms of graphical representations to develop data interpretation. This enabled the students to approach the data in an active way, making interpretations that considered various aspects of relations between data

Additive engineering for stable halide perovskite solar cells

Halide perovskite solar cells (PSCs) have already demonstrated power conversion efficiencies above 25%, which makes them one of the most attractive photovoltaic technologies. However, one of the main bottlenecks towards their commercialization is their long-term stability, which should exceed the 20-year mark. Additive engineering is an effective pathway for the enhancement of device lifetime. Additives applied as organic or inorganic compounds, improve crystal grain growth enhancing power conversion efficiency. The interaction of their functional groups with the halide perovskite (HP) absorber, as well as with the transport layers, results in defect passivation and ion immobilization improving device performance and stability. In this review, we briefly summarize the different types of additives recently applied in PSC to enhance not only efficiency but also long-term stability. We discuss the different mechanism behind additive engineering and the role of the functional groups of these additives for defect passivation. Special emphasis is given to their effect on the stability of PSCs under environmental conditions such as humidity, atmosphere, light irradiation (UV, visible) or heat, taking into account the recently reported ISOS protocols. We also discuss the relation between deep-defect passivation, non-radiative recombination and device efficiency, as well as the possible relation between shallow-defect passivation, ion immobilization and device operational stability. Finally, insights into the challenge and criteria for additive selection are provided for the further stability enhancement of PSCs

Political Reasons, Deliberative Democracy, and Administrative Law

El curso Herramientas de la Calidad pertenece a la especialidad de la carrera de Ingeniería Industrial es de naturaleza teórico práctico dirigido a los estudiantes del quinto ciclo de la carrera. El curso desarrolla la competencia general de pensamiento innovador y la competencia específica ABET.(d.2) Participa activamente en equipos de trabajo multidisciplinarios y su aporte al trabajo de grupo muestra organización y delegación de responsabilidades evidencia acciones de investigación y consulta de información a entes externos para construir o reforzar la posición del grupo.En la actualidad las empresas líderes globalizadas viven preocupadas por saber cómo mantenerse con un público cada vez más exigente de allí la necesidad de utilizar las herramientas que satisfagan no solo a sus clientes sino también a sus propios objetivos y expectativas organizacionales. En ese sentidolas herramientas que brinda el curso buscan que el estudiante contribuya con las empresas (líderes o no) a medir la calidad de sus servicios y a planificar mejor sus procesos afrontando los retos de competitividad y productividad empresarial

El discurso patrimonial: Una coartada para frenar el desarrollo de la ciudad de Oaxaca

The archeological richness of the state of Oaxaca, the wide variety of local art, crafts and festivities, the ethnic and linguistic diversity of its people and the perception of its capital as an “indigenous” and “colonial” city are characteristics that have been used consistently to encourage tourism while disregarding other potential paths towards economic and cultural development.The almost exclusive focus on this heritage as a tourist attraction has greatly influenced the political decisions and actions taken by governing offices in numerous spheres; these range from public budgeting for education and culture to urban and architectural development where its influence is particularly noticeable, as evidenced by related regulations, public works, infrastructure and services.An examination of these developments in the city of Oaxaca during the 20th century illustrates the negative consequences that tourism, as well as the exploitation of a cultural heritage, can have on the development of cities with similar characteristics.La riqueza arqueológica del estado de Oaxaca, la variedad de sus artesanías y festividades, la pluralidad étnica y lingüística de su población y la apreciación de su capital como ciudad "indígena" y "colonial" han sido características usadas insistentemente para argumentar su vocación turística y desatender otras posibles opciones de desarrollo económico y cultural.La valoración de ese patrimonio casi exclusivamente como atractivo turístico, ha influido enérgicamente en las decisiones y acciones políticas emprendidas por los distintos gobiernos en rubros muy variados, ya sea en la distribución del presupuesto público, en la educación, cultura y particularmente en su desarrollo urbano y arquitectónico en aspectos tales como el uso de suelo, legislación, obra pública, infraestructura y servicios. Revisar lo sucedido en Oaxaca durante el siglo XX, evidencia las implicaciones negativas que, tanto el turismo como la sobre explotación patrimonial pueden llegar a tener en el desarrollo de ciudades similares

Aporte de nitrógeno por parte de Leguminosas de grano al trigo (Titicum aestivum L.)

32 p.En este trabajo se evaluó la influencia de tres leguminosas de grano, arveja (Pisum sativum), lupino australiano (Lupinus angustifolius) y lupino amarillo (Lupinus luteus), una mezcla de avena (Avena sativa) - vicia (Vicia atropurpurea) como abono verde, avena sin nitrógeno (N) como testigo y de avena con N (100 kg/ha), como cultivo antecesor de trigo. Los precultivos se establecieron y desarrollaron durante la temporada 2008/09, y en la temporada 2009/10 se sembraron todas las parcelas con trigo primaveral cv. Pandora – INIA. La siembra de trigo se realizó el 20 de mayo 2009, en un suelo alfisol de la Estación Experimental de Cauquenes del INIA (35º 56’ 38,33’’ S, 72º 16’ 51,97’’ O, 160 m.s.n.m., localizada en la zona mediterránea subhúmeda), comuna de Cauquenes, VII región. El diseño fue de bloques al azar con cuatro repeticiones. Se evaluó materia seca aérea y de raíces, concentración y contenido de nitrógeno, índice de área foliar (IAF), radiación interceptada por el cultivo, rendimiento de grano y sus componentes, número de espigas por m2, número de granos por espiga y peso de 1000 granos. El tratamiento de trigo después de avena con nitrógeno, obtuvo los valores más altos de nitrógeno (%) en raíces y parte aérea, IAF, materia seca total, cantidad de nitrógeno en la planta, radiación interceptada por el cultivo y rendimiento de granos. Los tratamientos de trigo después de las leguminosas con lupino amarillo, lupino australiano y arveja no tuvieron una diferencia sobre el testigo (trigo después de avena sin nitrógeno) y sobre trigo después de avena – vicia, pero en el rendimiento de granos hubo una marcada diferencia de alrededor de 1,0 ton/ha de las leguminosas sobre el testigo. El rendimiento promedio de trigo después de avena con nitrógeno fue de 3,3 ton/ha, mientras que las leguminosas bordearon los 2,5 ton/ha y el trigo después de avena – vicia obtuvo un rendimiento promedio de 1,9 ton/ha./ ABSTRACT The influence of three pulses, pea (Pisum sativum), blue lupine (Lupinus angustifolius) and yellow lupine (Lupinus luteus), a mixture of oats (Avena sativa) - vetch (Vicia atropurpurea) as green manure, oats without nitrogen (N) as a control, and oat with N (100 kg / ha) were evaluated as an antecessor crop for wheat. The antecessor crops were established and grown during the 2008/09 season and in the 2009/10 season all plots were planted with a spring wheat cv. Pandora – INIA. The wheat crop was established on 20 May 2009, in a alfisol at the Experimental Station Cauquenes of INIA (35 º 56 '38.33''S, 72 º 16' 51.97''W, 160 m, located in the Mediterranean sub-humid). The design was a complete randomized block with four replications. Evaluations were root and shoot dry matter, nitrogen concentration and content, leaf area index (LAI), intercepted radiation, grain yield and its components, number of spikes per square meter, number of kernel per spike and thousand kernel weight. The treatment of wheat after oats with nitrogen obtained the highest values of % nitrogen in roots and shoot LAI, total dry matter, intercepted radiation and grain yield. The treatments of wheat after yellow lupine, blue lupine and peas did not have a marked difference over the control (wheat after oats without nitrogen) and wheat after oat - vetch, but in grain yield there was a clear difference of around 1.0 ton/ha of legumes over the control. The average yield of wheat after oats with nitrogen was 3.3 ton/ha while legumes were around the 2.5 ton/ha, and wheat after oats - vetch was on average 1.9 ton/ha

Crecimiento de fruto, caracteristicas organolepticas y vida poscosecha en Vaccinium corymbosum sv. Brigitta bajo mallas sombreadoras

51 p.El arándano de arbusto alto (Vaccinium corymbosum L) en su ambiente natural (Norteamérica) crece condiciones de sotobosque. En los últimos 15 años nuestro país ha incrementado fuertemente la superficie plantada (998%). En este ámbito, es necesario aumentar la eficiencia del cultivo en términos productivos, así como también respecto a la logística y sistema de cosecha. En este contexto, el uso de mallas sombreadoras podría reducir el estrés de las plantas, como ha sido demostrado en frutales de hoja caduca y plantas ornamentales. Últimamente se han realizado ensayos con mallas de sombreamiento en arándano, pero se desconoce el efecto que las mallas (color y porcentaje de sombra), puedan tener sobre la curva de crecimiento del fruto y las características organolépticas asociadas en cada etapa (desde cambio de color hasta el máximo crecimiento de fruto). Por ello se realizó un ensayo comparativo de un control (sin malla), cuatro tipos de sombreamiento con mallas blancas de 25, 50 y 70 % y malla negra de 50%, en la temporada 2008/09, en un huerto comercial adulto del cv. de arbusto alto Brigitta en Linares. Con frutos que presenten etapa fisiológica de desarrollo similar, los tratamientos presentaron una curva de crecimiento doble sigmoidea. Una vez que alcanzaron el cambio de color (maduración), los frutos siguieron aumentando su diámetro entre 9,5 (blanca 50%) y 15,8% (blanca 70%). Blanca 25% presentó maduración más concentrada (38 días) que los demás tratamientos (60 días). Al final de la temporada, no hubo diferencias entre tratamientos en el rendimiento acumulado. Las mallas negra 50% y blanca 70% presentaron mayores pesos y tamaños de fruto respecto al control y un retraso del peak de cosecha de casi 2 semanas. Las mallas no alteraron las presiones de cosecha. Blanca (25 y 50%) y control tuvieron similar contenido de sólidos solubles a lo largo de la temporada, el cual fue mayor que Blanca 70% y negra 50%. Los tratamientos en base al porcentaje de pleno sol presentaron una correlación significativa donde a mayor porcentaje de pleno sol menor es el porcentaje de acidez, situación contraria presentó la correlación sólidos soluble/acidez, ya que a mayor porcentaje de pleno sol, mayor fue dicha relación. Los tratamientos en base al porcentaje de pleno sol presentaron una correlación significativa para acidez y relación sólidos solubles/acidez, donde a mayor porcentaje de pleno sol menor es el porcentaje de acidez, sin embargo, a mayor porcentaje de pleno sol mayor es la relación sólidos solubles/acidez. Las mallas blanca (70 y 50%) y negra (50%) presentaron mayor contenido de agua de la fruta a cosecha (86, 85,9 y 85,8% promedio respectivamente) en comparación al control (84,8%). Palabras claves: Vaccinium corymbosuma, malla sombreadora, calidad, postcosecha./ ABSTRACT: The highbush blueberry (Vaccinium corymbosum L) is an understory plant in its natural condition (North America). In the past 15 years Chile has greatly increased its area planted (998%). It is necessary to improve the crop in terms of productivity, as well as harvest logistics and system. In this context, the use of shading nets could reduce stress in plants, as has been demonstrated in deciduous fruit trees and ornamental plants. Recent trials have been conducted with shading nets in blueberry, but it is unknown the effect that nets (color and shade percentage) can have on the fruit growth curve and organoleptic characteristics in each growth stage (from color change to maximum fruit growth). In this context, a trial was conducted to compare a control (no net), and four types of shading with white nets 25, 50 and 70% and 50% black net in the 2008/09 season, in an adult commercial orchard cv. Brigitta in Linares. With fruit of similar physiological stage of development, the treatments showed a double sigmoid growth curve. Once the color change was reached (maturation), fruits continued to increase their diameter from 9.5 (white 50%) to 15.8% (white 70%). White 25% had more concentrated ripening (38 days) than the other treatments (60 days). At the end of the season, the cumulative yield per treatment did not differ statistically. Black 50% and white 70% had higher fruit weights and sizes than control and a delayed harvest peak of about 2 weeks. The nets did not alter fruit firmness at harvest. White (25 and 50%) and control had similar soluble solids throughout the season which was greater than white 70% and black 50%. Treatments based on the percentage of full sunlight showed a significant correlation relationship for acidity and soluble solids / acidity, where a higher percentage of full sun lower the percentage of acidity, however, a higher percentage of full sun is the most solid relationship soluble acidity. White (70 and 50%) and black nets (50%) had the highest fruit water content at harvest (averages of 86.0, 85.9 and 85.8%, respectively) compared to control (84.8%)

Last Bank: dealing with address reuse in non-uniform cache architecture for CMPs

In response to the constant increase in wire delays, Non-Uniform Cache Architecture (NUCA) has been introduced as an effective memory model for dealing with growing memory latencies. This architecture divides a large memory cache into smaller banks that can be accessed independently. Banks close to the cache controller therefore have a faster response time than banks located farther away from it. In this paper, we propose and analyse the insertion of an additional bank into the NUCA cache. This is called Last Bank. This extra bank deals with data blocks that have been evicted from the other banks in the NUCA cache. Furthermore, we analyse the behaviour of the cache line replacements done in the NUCA cache and propose two optimisations of Last Bank that provide significant performance benefits without incurring unaffordable implementation costs.Preprin

LRU-PEA: A smart replacement policy for non-uniform cache architectures on chip multiprocessors

The increasing speed-gap between processor and memory and the limited memory bandwidth make last-level cache performance crucial for CMP architectures. Non Uniform Cache Architectures (NUCA) has been introduced to deal with this problem. This memory organization divides the whole memory space into smaller pieces or banks allowing nearer banks to have better access latencies than further banks.Moreover, an adaptive replacement policy that efficiently reduces misses in the last-level cache could boost performance, particularly if set associativity is assumed. Unfortunately, traditional replacement policies do not behave properly as they were assumed for single-processors. This paper focuses on Bank Replacement. This policy involves three key decisions when there is a miss: where to place a data within the cache set, which data to evict from the cache set and finally, where to place the evicted data. We propose a novel replacement technique that enables more intelligent replacement decisions to be taken, based on the observation that some type of data are less commonly accessed depending of the bank where they reside. We call this technique as LRU-PEA (Least Recently Used with a Priority Eviction Approach). We show that the proposed technique significantly reduces the requests to the off-chip memory by increasing the hit ratio in the NUCA cache. This translates into an average IPC improvement of 8% and into an Energy per Instruction (EPI) reduction of 5%.Preprin

O impacto da capoeira no desenvolvimento motor de estudantes dos anos iniciais

O impacto da capoeira no desenvolvimento motor de estudantes dos anos iniciais. Objetivo: Demonstrar a importância da capoeira no contexto escolar em prol do desenvolvimento motor de estudantes dos anos iniciais. Materiais e métodos: Este trabalho foi realizado por meio de uma pesquisa bibliográfica feita em artigos, qualificando-o como uma consulta do tipo exploratória. Revisão Bibliográfica: A capoeira aplicada com respaldo teórico atua de forma que o desenvolvimento motor e seus aspectos predominantes na infância sejam enriquecidos através dos movimentos e expressões. Considerações Finais: Podese concluir que, a capoeira impacta no desenvolvimento motor do estudantes dos anos iniciais, tendo em vista as várias formas de movimento proporcionado pela prática desta atividade, como por exemplo: correr, saltar, girar e rolar.The impact of capoeira motor development of students in the early years. Objective: To demonstrate the importance of poultry in the school context in favor of the motor development of students in the early years. Materials and Methods : This study was conducted through a literature survey of articles , describing it as an exploratory consultation . Literature Review: Capoeira applied theoretical support acts so that the motor development and its predominant in childhood aspects are enriched through the movements and expressions. Final Thoughts: It can be concluded that capoeira impact on motor development of students in the early years , in view of the various forms of movement provided by the practice of this activity, such as: running, jumping , turning and rolling

Jurassic Quest VR

JurassicQuestVR es un videojuego que he decidido desarrollar como proyecto de final de grado. La confección de un videojuego involucra todas las fases del proceso de desarrollo del software, haciendo de este un candidato ideal para finalizar la especialización de ingeniería del software dentro del ámbito de la ingeniería informática. Con este juego se espera adquirir nuevos conocimientos relacionados directamente con el desarrollo de videojuegos y especialmente con entornos de realidad virtual, que como se verá en posteriores apartados de este documento, tienen un nivel de complejidad adicional respecto a los entornos 3D convencionales. Este TFG está pensado para una duración de un semestre y, por lo tanto, se han planteado unos objetivos realistas y acordes al tiempo del que se despone. Tras culminar el semestre, se espera tener JurassicQuestVR sea un juego que tenga la funcionalidad completa e implemente los primeros tres niveles de juego. En actualizaciones posteriores a este trabajo de fin de grado se espera añadir contenido de forma progresiva para que el jugador pueda alcanzar el desenlace la JurassicQuestVR y poder así cerrar la historia que se inicia con este proyecto.JurassicQuestVR és un videojoc que he decidit desenvolupar com a projecte de final de grau. La confecció d'un videojoc involucra totes les fases del procés de desenvolupament del programari, fent d'aquest un candidat ideal per a finalitzar l'especialització d'enginyeria del programari dins de l'àmbit de l'enginyeria informàtica. Amb aquest joc s'espera adquirir nous coneixements relacionats directament amb el desenvolupament de videojocs i especialment amb entorns de realitat virtual, que com es veurà en posteriors apartats d'aquest document, tenen un nivell de complexitat addicional respecte als entorns 3D convencionals. Aquest TFG està pensat per a una durada d'un semestre i, per tant, s'han plantejat uns objectius realistes i concordes al temps del qual es despone. Després de culminar el semestre, s'espera tenir JurassicQuestVR sigui un joc que tingui la funcionalitat completa i implementi els primers tres nivells de joc. En actualitzacions posteriors a aquest treball de fi de grau s'espera afegir contingut de manera progressiva perquè el jugador pugui aconseguir el desenllaç la JurassicQuestVR i poder així tancar la història que s'inicia amb aquest projecte.JurassicQuestVR is a video game I developed as my final project to conclude my bachelors degree. The creation of a video game involves all of the different phases of software development, which makes it an ideal candidate for incorporating all fundamental competencies of a Computer Science degree specialized in Software Engineering. By developing this project, I expect to acquire new skills directly related with video game development and, more specifically, every aspect that involves virtual reality (VR) environments. As we will see more in depth in further chapters of this document, developing a game in VR adds an additional layer of complexity when compared to standard 3D environments. The total length of this project encompassed four months; therefore, all the objectives have been selected taking this time constraint into consideration. After finishing the semester, the expectation is to have a finalized version of JurassicQuestVR, which contains the first three functional levels. After completing this project, the goal is to further expand the game by increasing the number of quests and functional content in order to complete the entire story.