Prestación de cuidados en la ablación de la fibrilación auricular: revisión bibliográfica

[Resumen] Introducción: Entre la gran cantidad de arritmias existentes, la fibrilación auricular es la más frecuente. La reconstrucción anatómica mediante sistemas de navegación y la utilización de catéteres cada vez más sofisticados han incrementado el número de ablaciones y disminuido el número de complicaciones. Se hacen necesarios recursos especializados en donde la enfermería, a través de sus cuidados, desempeña un papel fundamental. Objetivos: Con objeto de responder a la necesidad de actualización se realizará una revisión que permita describir de forma global los cuidados de enfermería a un paciente sometido a una ablación de FA en un laboratorio de electrofisiología. Desenvolvimiento: Se seleccionaron artículos de la última década con aspectos que tuvieran relevancia clínico-asistencial en relación al procedimiento de ablación de la fibrilación auricular en laboratorio. Se realizó la búsqueda en las siguientes bases de datos: PubMed, Dialnet, ScienceDirect, Revista Enfermería en Cardiología; resultaron 7 artículos que se complementaron con otras fuentes primarias. Se describieron aspectos relativos al laboratorio de electrofisiología, técnicas y fuentes de ablación, sistemas de navegación, material, tratamiento del dolor, procedimientos y complicaciones. Discusión: El aumento en el número y complejidad de las ablaciones realizadas implica la presencia en los laboratorios de personal enfermero cualificado en el manejo de tecnología avanzada.[Abstract] Introduction: Among the many existing arrhythmias, atrial fibrillation is the most common. The anatomical reconstruction using navigation systems and the use of increasingly sophisticated catheters has increased the number of ablations and decreased the number of complications. Specialized resources needed are made where nursing through their care, plays a key role. Objectives: In order to respond to the need to update a review to be described comprehensively nursing care to a patient undergoing AF ablation in electrophysiology laboratory will be performed. Results: Supplies last decade with issues that have relevance clinical care in relation to the ablation procedure for atrial fibrillation in the laboratory were selected. The search was conducted in the following databases: PubMed, Dialnet, ScienceDirect, Journal Nursing in Cardiology; 7 items that were supplemented with other primary sources. Aspects related to electrophysiology laboratory, ablation techniques and sources, navigation systems, equipment, pain management, procedures and complications were described. Discussion: The increase in the number and complexity of the ablations implies the presence in the laboratories of qualified nursing staff in handling technology.[Resumo] Introdución: Entre as arritmias existentes, a fibrilación auricular é o máis frecuente. A reconstrución anatómica utilizando sistemas de navegación e o uso de catéteres cada vez máis sofisticados aumentaron o número de ablacións e diminuíron o número de complicacións. Fanse necesarios recursos especializados onde a enfermaría, cos seus coidados, xoga un papel fundamental. Obxectivos: Para responder á necesidade de actualización realizarase unha revisión que permita describir de maneira global os coidados de enfermaría a un paciente sometido a unha ablación de FA no laboratorio de electrofisioloxía. Desenvolvemento: Seleccionáronse artigos da última década con aspectos que tiveran relevancia clínico-asistencial en relación ao procedemento de ablación da fibrilación auricular no laboratorio. Realizouse a procura nas seguintes bases de datos: PubMed, Dialnet, ScienceDirect, Revista Enfermería en Cardiología; resultaron 7 artigos que se complementaron con outras fontes primarias. Describíronse aspectos relativos ao laboratorio de electrofisioloxía, técnicas e fontes de ablación, sistemas de navegación, material, tratamento da dor, procedementos e complicacións. Discusión: O aumento do número e complexidade das ablacións realizadas implica a presenza nos laboratorios de persoal de enfermaría cualificado no manexo de tecnoloxía avanzada.Traballo fin de grao (UDC.ENFC). Enfermaría. Curso 2015/2016

La influencia/impacto de las tecnologías de la Web Semántica en las Redes Sociales

The paper is based on a literature review of Semantic Web technologies and evalua- tion of how these technologies can be applied in the Social Media domain, whose purpose is to underline and to understand the way how Semantic Web technologies can influence and improve Social Media, and be relevant to effective searches (for example, for companies and their human resources departments). The Semantic Web technologies allow data collecting about a certain subject from the entire Internet, and Social Media allows people to share information about them, to express their opinion and to influence others. Therefore, participation and collaboration for the selection of useful infor- mation from the Web is sought. But we found limitations for success in the high cost of apps that can serve as connecting points for these social networks (Facebook, LinkedIn, Google+, Twitter, etc.) and in the privacy of the shared content on these social networksEl consiguiente artículo se basa en un análisis literario de las tecnologías y evaluación de la Web Semántica sobre cómo estas se pueden aplicar en el campo de las Redes Sociales, cuyo fin es enfatizar y entender cómo estas tecnologías de la Web Semántica pueden influir y mejorar las Redes sociales, y ser relevantes para búsquedas efectivas. Por ejemplo, en búsquedas para empresas y sus departamentos de recursos humanos. Dichas tecnologías permiten reunir información sobre un tema concreto de todo Internet, y las Redes Sociales consienten a las personas compartir información sobre ellos mismos, para expresar su opinión y así influir en otras personas. Por ello, se busca una participación y colaboración a la hora de seleccionar información útil en la web. Aunque, hemos encontrado limitaciones del éxito en aplicaciones de alto coste, que pueden servir como puntos de unión para estas redes sociales (Facebook, LinkedIn, Google+, Twitter, ect.), y en la privacidad del contenido compartido en esas mismas redes

La importancia de las TIC por parte de los alumnos como competencia para su futuro desempeño profesional: el caso de la Facultad de Ciencias Empresariales y Turismo de la Universidad de Huelva

To date, the knowledge and use of ICT (Information and Communication Technologies) has become an almost essential requirement when someone wants to find employment in our society. For this reason, this study aims to analyze the importance that students of the Faculty of Business Studies and Tourism of the University of Huelva (Spain) give to the acquisition of ICT skills for their future professional performance and the domain they have over them (achieved throughout their years of learning). This research is developed through a questionnaire completed by 90 students of the Faculty and concludes that in general they give these ICT skills the importance that they deserve and that their domain goes in parallel (except for some skills that show formative need), even being able to observe that in the majority of cases the dominion of these skills is tied to the importance that they give them.A día de hoy, el conocimiento y uso de las TIC (Tecnologías de la Información y la Comunicación) se ha convertido en un requisito casi imprescindible a la hora de encontrar empleo en nuestra sociedad. Por este motivo, este estudio tiene como objetivo analizar la importancia que los alumnos de la Facultad de Ciencias Empresariales y Turismo de la Universidad de Huelva (España) dan a la adquisición de competencias TIC para su futuro desempeño profesional y el dominio que tienen sobre estas (alcanzado a lo largo de sus años de aprendizaje). Esta investigación se desarrolla a través de un cuestionario realizado a 90 estudiantes de dicha Facultad y concluye que en líneas generales estos dan la importancia que se merecen a estas competencias TIC y que su dominio va en paralelo (exceptuando alguna competencia que muestra necesidad formativa), incluso pudiéndose decir que en la mayoría de las casos el dominio de estas competencias va vinculado a la importancia que ellos les dan

Comparison of Models for Calculation of the Thermodynamic Properties of NH3-CO2-H2O Mixture

Couple of models have been developed to calculate thermodynamic properties of NH3-CO2-H2O systems. These models are typically an equation of state for the vapor phase and an activity coefficient model for the liquid phase (Que & Chen, 2011). The activity coefficient models can be divided into three groups based on previous studies, Pitzer model, electrolyte Non Random Two Liquid (e-NRTL) model and extended UNIQUAC model. Que & Chen (2011) deem the e-NRTL model the model the most suitable for process modelling and simulations since it requires only binary interaction parameters and makes use of mole fraction concentration scale consistently for both the short range local compositions interactions and the long range Debey-Huckel expression. Darde (2011) compared the built in e-NRTL model from Aspen Plus to an upgraded version of the extended UNIQUAC model developed by Thomsen et al. (1996). His findings were that the extended UNIQUAC model is significantly more accurate than the e-NRTL model from Aspen. He does mention that if the binary interaction parameters were better fitted to experimental data for NH3-CO2-H2O mixture, the e-NRTL model might become more competitive with the extended UNIQUAC model. Since then the e-NRTL model has been modified in this way by couple of authors, included Que & Chen (2011) and Niu et al. (2013). Both of their adjusted models have then been used by other authors for process modelling, for example Zhang & Guo (2014) used the model with adjusted parameters from Niu et al. (2013) and Liu et al. (2015) used the modified model from Que & Chen (2011). In this paper the extended UNIQUAC model is compared with the e-NRTL thermodynamic model that is built into the most recent version of Aspen Plus, and two modified e-NRTL models; the one developed by Que and Chen (2011) and a new fit. This is done to confirm if the modified models can reach similar accuracy as the extended UNIQUAC model and how much more accurate they are compared to the built in model in Aspen Plus

Investigation Of Hydrate Growth Rate On The Interface Between Liquid and Solid Film

Hydrate slurry has been reported to be suitable secondary fluid for refrigeration and air-conditioning systems. The latent heat of CO2 hydrate is 387 kJ/kg under phase equilibrium condition of 7 °C and 30 bar. The utilization of CO2 hydrate slurry in air-conditioning systems is promising in improving the energy efficiency and shifting energy supply and demand load as well as relieving greenhouse effect caused by normal refrigerant like CFCs, HCFCs etc. The production of CO2 hydrate slurry in a coil heat exchanger is investigated in this study. Crystals are supposed to firstly form on the wall of the tube, generating a solid layer. The appearance of the solid layer increases the heat resistance from liquid to the refrigerant. Type-III antifreeze proteins have been added to the solution to better control the crystallization process of hydrate formation since AFPs have been proved to be an effective hydrate formation preventer which is environment friend. A kinetic model is developed based on the gas hydrate growth model of Skovborg and Rusmussen (1994), taking the mass transfer process to be the rate-control step. The diffusion coefficient of gas to liquid is investigated to be influenced by pressure, temperature and concentration of the hydrate formation preventer. Results show that the growth rate decreases with the increase of the concentration of AFPs while the thickness of the crystal layer doesn’t show the same trend

Does Covid-19 spell the end for regional integration? comparing Latin America and the EU in the age of vaccine nationalism

Countries in Latin America and Europe, despite their substantial differences, are currently wrestling with a similar strategic question: whether they should engage in regional integration or ‘go it alone’. Carlos Cruz Infante and Roland Benedikter present a detailed comparison of Latin America and the EU across six key indexes. Their findings suggest there remain substantial ... Continue

Factores clave en el éxito de la virtualización de la docencia en las universidades españolas durante la pandemia de COVID-19

The virtualization of university teaching in Spain caused by the pandemic was a success, but the urgent nature of the transition from face-to-face teaching to online teaching meant that some peculiarities that should have been taken into account were omitted. Thus, in order to find out and analyze the factors causing the success of this virtualization and take measures to address the weak points of this process as teachers may want to maintain the use of online teaching as support for their face-to-face teaching, these factors were located through a literature review and were classified according to their level of importance in this success through a causal study carried out with the methodology of fuzzy cognitive maps. The results achieved indicated the determining factors in students, involving their attitude, aptitude and predisposition, which are factors where the work of the teacher is of main relevance (as it exerts the greatest influence on these factors). For this reason, technological attitude and aptitude, teaching style, and the creation and structuring of content should be reinforced in teachers.La virtualización de la docencia universitaria en España producida por la pandemia fue un éxito, pero el carácter urgente de la transición de la docencia presencial a la docencia online hizo que se omitieran algunas peculiaridades que debían haberse tenido en cuenta. Así, con el fin de averiguar y analizar los factores causantes del éxito de esta virtualización de la docencia en las universidades españolas y tomar medidas en los puntos débiles de este proceso por si llegado el momento el profesorado quisiera mantener el uso de la docencia online como apoyo a su docencia presencial, se localizaron estos factores a través de revisión literaria y fueron clasificados en función de su nivel de importancia en este éxito a través de un estudio causal llevado a cabo con la metodología de los mapas cognitivos difusos. Los resultados alcanzados señalaron los factores determinantes en los estudiantes, involucrando su actitud, aptitud y predisposición, las cuales son peculiaridades en las que la labor del profesorado adquiere principal relevancia (al ser el que mayor influencia ejerce sobre esos factores). Por este motivo, debería reforzarse en el profesorado la actitud y aptitud tecnológica, el estilo de enseñanza, y la creación y estructuración de contenido

The Effect Of Type-III Antifreeze Proteins (AFPs) On CO2 Hydrate Slurry Formation

CO2 hydrate slurry is a favourable direct coolant of fresh products due to its large latent heat and phase change temperature around 5°C. Continuous production of this slurry is, however, difficult to realise due to the high rate of hydrate formation. The use of additives is proposed with the purpose of decreasing the formation rate so that the controllability of the process is improved. Type-III Antifreeze Proteins (AFPs) are non-poisonous additives which have proven to be inhibitors of hydrate formation. These additives have also shown to protect the bio-cells of fresh products from damaging by freezing. The effect of these additives on the CO2 hydrate formation rate is experimentally investigated. The experiments have been performed in a coil heat exchanger with 6 mm internal diameter under operating conditions corresponding to hydrate formation conditions. The concentration of Type-III AFPs has been varied: no additives, 5 ppm and 10 ppm. The mixture of additives and CO2-water solution is cooled down until the hydrate formation conditions are attained. The growth rate of hydrates on the wall of the heat exchanger has been derived from the variation of the overall heat transfer coefficient with time. Results show that the addition of AFPs changes the supersaturation degree of CO2 water solution needed to initiate the hydrate formation process. A low concentration of the proposed additives is sufficient to slow down the formation rate of CO2 hydrate improving significantly the controllability of the hydrate production process

The future of democracy in Chile

The situation in Chile after the Constitutional Referendum of October 2020 posits the question: Where is the country headed? Is this the end of a long transition from “adolescent” neoliberal democracy to “mature” welfare democracy—or the start of a new era of uncertainty? Without substantial improvements of the constitutional reform process, its building stones and surrounding conditions, the country is not ready for a systemic transition in reconciliatory and secure manners