A través del trabajo

La publicación reciente de la Encíclica del Papa Juan Pablo II merece una especial atención. La coyuntura económica y política por la cual atraviesa el mundo hoy, no escapa a los ojos de ninguno de nosotros; cada mañana la prensa nos despierta con una nueva noticia, a través de la cual conocemos uno u otro de los aspectos socio-económicos de esta crisis coyuntural que está afectando las relaciones entre los pueblos y entre los hombres. (…)&nbsp

Design and analysis of a mechanical ventilation system based on cams

Low-cost mechanical ventilators have been developed in order to deal with the shortage of traditional ventilators whose quantity is not sufficient in an emergency context in Perú. Protofy, a company from Spain, designed one of the first low-cost mechanical ventilation systems OxyGEN which was approved by a medicine agency in its country in special context of COVID 19. Therefore, as main of this article, a redesign of this system named OxygenIP.PE was carried out according to local requirements and available technology, but maintaining its working concept based on compression mechanism by cams. Sensors were added and a control algorithm of the respiratory rate was developed. Ventilation curves monitoring over time was implemented; in this sense, a mathematical model of the whole system was developed. OxygenIP.PE was redesigned, fabricated, and tested measuring its ventilation curves over time. Results indicate that this redesign provides a sturdy equipment able to work during a longer lifetime than the original. The replicability of the ventilation curves behavior is ensured, while the mechanism dimensions are adapted for a particular airbag resuscitator. The mathematical model of the whole system can satisfactorily determine the ventilation curves over time and is used to show the air pressure, volume, and flow as a function of the compression arm's angular position and differential pressure through the breathing circuit measurement, furthermore the algorithms designed as a consequence of the mathematical model were implemented for Raspberry and ARDUINO microcontrollers. There were obtained parameters of pressure 10-65 cmH2O, airflow 50-65 l/m, volume 0-0.5 l, at two values of beat per minute (BPM) 15 and 25

Ecological base line establishment in the El Aerolito anchialine system

Quantification of community structure aids in management practices by enabling objective population estimates of biota, comparisons between systems, and long-term monitoring to detect variations. In the Aerolito System, echinoderm richness and abundance are both very high, making this system possibly unique worldwide

Working with the HL7 metamodel in a Model Driven Engineering context

HL7 (Health Level 7) International is an organization that defines health information standards. Most HL7 domain information models have been designed according to a proprietary graphic language whose domain models are based on the HL7 metamodel. Many researchers have considered using HL7 in the MDE (Model-Driven Engineering) context. A limitation has been identified: all MDE tools support UML (Unified Modeling Language), which is a standard model language, but most do not support the HL7 proprietary model language. We want to support software engineers without HL7 experience, thus realworld problems would be modeled by them by defining system requirements in UML that are compliant with HL7 domain models transparently. The objective of the present research is to connect HL7 with software analysis using a generic model-based approach. This paper introduces a first approach to an HL7 MDE solution that considers the MIF (Model Interchange Format) metamodel proposed by HL7 by making use of a plug-in developed in the EA (Enterprise Architect) tool.Ministerio de Ciencia e Innovación TIN2013-46928-C3-3-RInstituto de Salud Carlos III PI12/01571Instituto de Salud Carlos III PT13/0006/003

Metaheuristic approaches for optimal broadcasting design in metropolitan MANETs

11th International Conference on Computer Aided Systems Theory. Las Palmas de Gran Canaria, Spain, February 12-16, 2007Mobile Ad-hoc Networks (MANETs) are composed of a set of communicating devices which are able to spontaneously interconnect without any pre-existing infrastructure. In such scenario, broadcasting becomes an operation of tremendous importance for the own existence and operation of the network. Optimizing a broadcasting strategy in MANETs is a multiobjective problem accounting for three goals: reaching as many stations as possible, minimizing the network utilization, and reducing the duration of the operation itself. This research, which has been developed within the OPLINK project (http://oplink.lcc.uma.es), faces a wide study about this problem in metropolitan MANETs with up to seven different advanced multiobjective metaheuristics. They all compute Pareto fronts of solutions which empower a human designer with the ability of choosing the preferred configuration for the network. The quality of these fronts is evaluated by using the hypervolume metric. The obtained results show that the SPEA2 algorithm is the most accurate metaheuristic for solving the broadcasting problem.Publicad

Mycobacterium tuberculosis in vivo-expressed genes detection during active pulmonary tuberculosis

Indexación: Web of Science; ScieloEl estudio de la expresión génica de Mycobacterium tuberculosis ha involucrado la experimentación "in vitro ", "ex vivo " e "in vivo " (modelos animales), pero aún sin el éxito esperado. Proponemos que revelar los factores clave de la tuberculosis humana requiere investigar la expresión génica de M. tuberculosis dentro del ser humano ("in vivo "). Para ello, aislamos el mRNA total de M. tuberculosis, desde muestras clínicas respiratorias de pacientes con diagnóstico de tuberculosis pulmonar; posteriormente, sintetizamos el dscDNA y lo analizamos mediante RT-PCR cualitativo. Detectamos la expresión de la secuencia de inserción IS6110 y de los genes "housekeeping " 16SrRNA y sigA en M. tuberculosis creciendo in vivo (tuberculosis pulmonar) así como cultivado in vitro. La expresión de los genes mprA y mprB, que codifican el sistema de transducción de señales MprAB, sólo se detectó en M. tuberculosis crecido in vitro. Con nuestros resultados damos el primer paso hacia la implementación de un método no invasivo para el estudio del transcriptoma de M. tuberculosis, dentro de su único hospedero natural, con el fin de analizar la regulación "in vivo" de los determinantes genéticos requeridos para su virulencia y patogénesis.Mycobacterium tuberculosis gene expression studies have involved "in vitro", "ex vivo" and "in vivo" experiments (animal models), but without the expected success. We propose that key features of human tuberculosis could be discovered by studying the M. tuberculosis gene expression within the human host. Therefore, we isolated totalM. tuberculosis mRNA from human clinical respiratory specimens of patients diagnosed with pulmonary tuberculosis; after this, we synthesized the dscDNA and tested it by qualitative RT-PCR assays. We detected the expression of IS6110 insertion sequence and of the "housekeeping" genes 16SrRNA andsigA in M. tuberculosis grown in vivo (pulmonary tuberculosis) as well as grown in vitro M. tuberculosis. mprA and mprB genes expression, which code the MprAB signal transduction system, were only detected in M. tuberculosis grown in vitro. Our results provide the first step towards a non invasive methodfor the study of the transcriptome of M. tuberculosis within its native host, to analyze "in vivo" regulation of the genetic determinants required for virulence and pathogenesis.http://www.scielo.cl/pdf/rcher/v28n4/art04.pd

Indicators for evaluating the healthy cities strategy in colombia

Objectives: The work that is presented is the first phase of a scale development study. The objectives are: selecting, developing and evaluating indi-cators for the evaluation of the healthy cities project in Colombia, in order to offer the bases for the construction of a measurement scale. Methods: The project was executed from January 2001 to August 2002. A validation by construct and an assessment of indicators, according to their importance, data availability and formulation were carried out. A theoretical heuristic model for evaluating the Colombian Healthy Cities Project was developed;  based on these model 128 indicators were defined. A preliminary instrument was then made and evaluated by experts in the strategy. A test was carried out in five cities in order to test data availability and formulation. Results: The final results are a heuristic model for the evaluation of the project and an evaluation of each indicator. Conclusions: The final results are not finished. A greater effort is needed for developing good heuristic models and for building instruments for assessing the healthy cities project in Colombia.Objetivos: El trabajo que se presenta es la primera fase de un estudio de desarrollo de escalas de medición. Los objetivos son: seleccionar, desarrollar y valorar indicadores de evaluación de la estrategia de Municipios Saludables por la Paz y brindar las bases para la construcción de una escala de evaluación de la estrategia. Métodos: El proyecto fue llevado a cabo entre Enero de 2001 y Agosto de 2002. Se realizó una validación por constructo y una valoración de una selección de indicadores según su importancia, su dificultad de fuentes y su formulación. Para ello se elaboró un marco conceptual a manera de un modelo heurístico para la estrategia de Municipios Saludables por la Paz, desde el cual se definieron 128 indicadores. Se elaboró un instrumento preliminar que fue valorado por expertos en la estrategia. También se realizó una prueba en 5 municipios para evaluar las fuentes y la formulación de las preguntas. Resultados: Los resultados finales son un modelo heurístico para la evaluación de la estrategia y una valoración de los indicadores seleccionados. Conclusiones: Los resultados finales son parciales. Hace falta un mayor esfuerzo y discusión para el diseño de modelos heurísticos y construcción de instrumentos de evaluación en Colombia

A Novel and Chemoselective Process of N

The process of N-alkylation of several pyrroles, indoles, and derivative heterocycles is herein described, using quaternary ammonium salts as the source of an alkylating agent. These reactions were carried out on several heterocyclic rings with triethylbenzylammonium chloride or tetradecyltrimethylammonium bromide and an NaOH solution at 50%, leading to a chemoselective N-alkylated product and an average yield of 73%. This is an alternative process to the traditional benzylation and methylation of N-heterocycles with direct handling of alkyl halides