Absorption and quasinormal modes of classical fields propagating on 3D and 4D de Sitter spacetime

We extensively study the exact solutions of the massless Dirac equation in 3D de Sitter spacetime that we published recently. Using the Newman-Penrose formalism, we find exact solutions of the equations of motion for the massless classical fields of spin s=1/2,1,2 and to the massive Dirac equation in 4D de Sitter metric. Employing these solutions, we analyze the absorption by the cosmological horizon and de Sitter quasinormal modes. We also comment on the results given by other authors.Comment: 31 page

Efecto de extractos de hojas y frutos de Schinus molle sobre la estabilidad oxidativa de aceites mediante oxidación acelerada

The most highly recommended oils for the diet are those which are rich in unsaturated fatty acids. However, the presence of these components in the oils is related to oxidation, which can be determined by the induction period. Further safety and the prolongation of the storage period for such oils can be achieved by the addition of efficient antioxidants, which today are preferably from natural sources. In order to contribute to the related research, the main objective of this study was to evaluate the efficacy of Schinus molle extracts compared to synthetic antioxidants (BHT) in delaying the oxidation of some vegetable oils. The results of the present study showed that the fruit and leaf extracts of Schinus molle presented activities and potential for being used as antioxidants in vegetable oils based on the tested methods (DPPH and ABTS). The extracts were also characterized as containing phenolic compounds by the Folin Ciocalteau method and by high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC). The action of the extracts as natural antioxidants was proven in the vegetal oils of chia (Salvia hispanica) and peanut (Arachis hypogaea) by the Rancimat method. It was observed that the oils increased their resistance to oxidation when incorporated with the extracts of Schinus molle, and the extract from the leaves increased the induction period of peanut oil by more than three hours (from 19.5 to 22.9 hours) with an extract concentration of 2.5%. The fruit extract was more efficient in delaying the oxidation of chia oil, prolonging its induction period by more than one hour with a concentration of 2.5% (from 3.1 to 4.3 hours). According to the results, the extracts of Schinus molle have favorable properties for possible use as an additive which inhibits the oxidation process of the tested vegetables oils.Los aceites más recomendados para la dieta son los ricos en ácidos grasos insa­turados. Sin embargo, la presencia de estos componentes está relacionada con la oxidación del aceite, que puede determinarse por el período de inducción. La seguridad adicional de tales aceites y la prolongación del almacenamiento se pueden lograr mediante la adición de antioxidantes eficientes, que hoy en día se prefieren los provenientes de fuentes naturales. Para contribuir con estas investigaciones, el objetivo principal de este estudio fue evaluar la eficacia de los extractos de Schinus molle en comparación con el antioxidante sintético BHT, para retrasar la oxidación de algunos aceites vegetales. Los resultados del presente estudio mostraron que los extractos de frutas y hojas de Schinus molle presentan potencial para ser utilizados como antioxidan­tes en aceites vegetales, presentando actividades basadas en métodos probados, DPPH y ABTS. Los extrac­tos también se caracterizaron por la presencia de compuestos fenólicos determinados mediante el método de Folin Ciocalteau y por cromatografía líquida de alta resolución (HPLC). La acción de los extractos como antioxidantes naturales se evidenció en aceites vegetales de chía (Salvia hispanica) y maní (Arachis hypogaea) por el método Rancimat. Se observó que los aceites aumentan la resistencia a la oxidación cuando se le incor­poran extractos de Schinus molle, aumentando el periodo de inducción en más de tres horas (de 19,5 a 22,9 horas) del aceite de cacahuete con una concentración de extracto del 2,5%. El extracto de fruta fue más efi­ciente en retrasar la oxidación del aceite de chia, prolongando el período de inducción de este aceite en más de una hora con una concentración del 2,5% (de 3,1 a 4,3 horas). De acuerdo con los resultados, los extractos de Schinus molle tienen propiedades favorables para un posible uso como un aditivo inhibidor del proceso de oxidación de los aceites vegetales ensayados

Gravitational quasinormal modes of AdS black branes in d spacetime dimensions

The AdS/CFT duality has established a mapping between quantities in the bulk AdS black-hole physics and observables in a boundary finite-temperature field theory. Such a relationship appears to be valid for an arbitrary number of spacetime dimensions, extrapolating the original formulations of Maldacena's correspondence. In the same sense properties like the hydrodynamic behavior of AdS black-hole fluctuations have been proved to be universal. We investigate in this work the complete quasinormal spectra of gravitational perturbations of $d$-dimensional plane-symmetric AdS black holes (black branes). Holographically the frequencies of the quasinormal modes correspond to the poles of two-point correlation functions of the field-theory stress-energy tensor. The important issue of the correct boundary condition to be imposed on the gauge-invariant perturbation fields at the AdS boundary is studied and elucidated in a fully $d$-dimensional context. We obtain the dispersion relations of the first few modes in the low-, intermediate- and high-wavenumber regimes. The sound-wave (shear-mode) behavior of scalar (vector)-type low-frequency quasinormal mode is analytically and numerically confirmed. These results are found employing both a power series method and a direct numerical integration scheme.Comment: added references, typos corrected, minor changes, final version for JHE

Does The Pain Disturb The Respiratory Function After Heart Surgeries? [a Dor Interfere Na Função Respiratória Após Cirurgias Cardíacas?]

Objective: The postoperative pain after heart surgeries had been often reported. Meager reports about respiratory function and pain correlation had been reported. The aim of this study is to assess the pain intensity and location during hospital stay and its effect on respiratory function in patients undergone elective heart surgery. Methods: Respiratory function (lung volumes, respiratory muscle strength and peak expiratory flow) was assessed at the preoperative and postoperative times (1, 3 and 5 days) by ventilometer, manovacuometer and peak flow meter measurements. The assessment of pain intensity was performed with a visual analogue scale for pain. Results: The majority of pain site was on sternotomy incision (50% of patients) and the intensity was higher at the first postoperative day (8.32 by visual scale measurement). All respiratory variables remained lower than to preoperative period at fifth postoperative time (P >0.05), with exception for respiratory rate. The pain and maximal inspiratory pressure showed a negative correlation at the first postoperative day (P = 0.019). Conclusion: Postoperative pain decreased respiratory function in patients precluding deep inspirations, in special, at the first postoperative day.244490496Arcêncio, L., Souza, M.D., Bortolin, B.S., Fernandes, A.C.M., Rodrigues, A.J., Évora, P.R.B., Cuidados pré e pós-operatórios em cirurgia cardiotorácica: Uma abordagem fisioterapêutica (2008) Rev Bras Cir Cardiovasc, 23 (3), pp. 400-410Schuller, D., Morrow, L.E., Pulmonary complications after coronary revascularization (2000) Curr Opin Cardiol, 15 (5), pp. 309-315Mueller, X.M., Tinguely, F., Tevaearai, H.T., Ravussin, P., Stumpe, F., von Segesser, L.K., Impact of duration of chest tube drainage on pain after cardiac surgery (2000) Eur J Cardiothorac Surg, 18 (5), pp. 570-574Brasil, L.A., Gomes, W.J., Salomão, R., Buffolo, E., Inflammatory response after myocardial revascularization with or without cardiopulmonary bypass (1998) Ann Thorac Surg, 66 (1), pp. 56-59Mueller, X.M., Tinguely, F., Tevaearai, H.T., Revelly, J.P., Chioléro, R., von Segesser, L.K., Pain location, distribution, and intensity after cardiac surgery (2000) Chest, 118 (2), pp. 391-396Goldwasser, R., Farias, A., Freitas, E.E., Saddy, F., Amado, V., Okamoto, V.I.I.I., Consenso Brasileiro de Ventilação Mecânica: Desmame e interrupção da ventilação mecânica. Sociedade Brasileira de Pneumologia e Tisiologia (2007) J Bras Pneumol, 33 (SUPPL. 2), pp. S128-S136Yang, K.L., Tobin, M.J., A prospective study of indexes predicting the outcome of trials of weaning from mechanical ventilation (1991) N Engl J Med, 324 (21), pp. 1445-1450Miller, M.R., Dickinson, S.A., Hitchings, D.J., The accuracy of portable peak flow meters (1992) Thorax, 47 (11), pp. 904-909Black, L.F., Hyatt, R.E., Maximal respiratory pressures: Normal values and relationship to age and sex (1969) Am Rev Respir Dis, 99 (5), pp. 696-702Gift, A.G., Visual analogue scales: Measurement of subjective phenomena (1989) Nurs Res, 38 (5), pp. 286-288Borges, J.B.C., Ferreira, D.L.M.P., Carvalho, S.M.R., Martins, A.S., Andrade, R.R., Silva, M.A.M., Avaliação da intensidade de dor e da funcionalidade no pós-operatório de cirurgia cardíaca (2006) Rev Bras Cir Cardiovasc, 21 (4), pp. 393-402Leguisamo, C.P., Freitas, M.F., Maciel, N.F., Donato, P., Avaliação da dor e da função pulmonar em pacientes submetidos à cirurgia de revascularização miocárdica (2007) Fisioter Bras, 8 (1), pp. 14-18Markou, A.L., van der Windt, A., van Swieten, H.A., Noyez, L., Changes in quality of life, physical activity, and symptomatic status one year after myocardial revascularization for stable angina (2008) Eur J Cardiothorac Surg, 34 (5), pp. 1009-1015Greszta, E., Sieminska, M.J., Relationship of preoperative anxiety- state and anxiety-trait in patients qualified for coronary artery bypass graft surgery to the perception of postoperative pain and other pain complaints (2008) Ann Acad Med Stetin, 54 (1), pp. 157-163Giacomkazzi, C.M., Lagni, V.B., Monteiro, M.B., A dor pós- operatória como contribuinte do prejuízo na função pulmonar em pacientes submetidos à cirurgia cardíaca (2006) Rev Bras Cir Cardiovasc, 21 (4), pp. 386-392Wynne, R., Botti, M., Postoperative pulmonary dysfunction in adults after cardiac surgery with cardiopulmonary bypass: Clinical significance and implications for practice (2004) Am J Crit Care, 13 (5), pp. 384-393Cipriano Jr, G., Camargo Carvalho, A.C., Bernardelli, G.F., Tayar Peres, P.A., Short-term transcutaneous electrical nerve stimulation after cardiac surgery: Effect on pain, pulmonary function and electrical muscle activity (2008) Interact Cardiovasc Thorac Surg, 7 (4), pp. 539-543Guizilini, S., Gomes, W.J., Faresin, S.M., Carvalho, A.C.C., Jaramillo, J.I., Alves, F.A., Efeitos do local de inserção do dreno pleural na função pulmonar no pós-operatório de cirurgia de revascularização do miocárdio (2004) Rev Bras Cir Cardiovasc, 19 (1), pp. 47-54Ng, C.S., Wan, S., Yim, A.P., Arifi, A.A., Pulmonary dysfunction after cardiac surgery (2002) Chest, 121 (4), pp. 1269-1277Barbosa, R.A.G., Carmona, M.J.C., Avaliação da função pulmonar em pacientes submetidos à cirurgia cardíaca com circulação extracorpórea (2002) Rev Bras Anestesiol, 52 (6), pp. 689-699Silva, N.L.S., Piotto, R.F., Barboza, M.A.I., Croti, U.A., Braile, D.M., Inalação de solução salina hipertônica como coadjuvante da fisioterapia respiratória para reversão de atelectasia no pós-operatório de cirurgia cardíaca pediátrica (2006) Rev Bras Cir Cardiovasc, 21 (4), pp. 468-471Magnusson, L., Zemgulis, V., Wicky, S., Tydén, H., Thelin, S., Hedenstierna, G., Atelectasis is a major cause of hypoxemia and shunt after cardiopulmonary bypass: An experimental study (1997) Anesthesiology, 87 (5), pp. 1153-1163Romanini, W., Muller, A.P., Carvalho, K.A.T., Olandoski, M., Faria-Neto, J.R., Mendes, F.L., Os efeitos da pressão positiva intermitente e do incentivador respiratório no pós-operatório de revascularização miocárdica (2007) Arq Bras Cardiol, 89 (2), pp. 105-110Milgrom, L.B., Brooks, J.A., Qi, R., Bunnell, K., Wuestfeld, S., Beckman, D., Pain levels experienced with activities after cardiac surgery (2004) Am J Crit Care, 13 (2), pp. 116-125Fiore Jr, J.F., Chiavegato, L.D., Denehy, L., Paisani, D.M., Faresin, S.M., Do directed cough maneuvers improve cough effectiveness in the early period after open heart surgery? Effect of thoracic support and maximal inspiration on cough peak expiratory flow, cough expiratory volume, and thoracic pain (2008) Respir Care, 53 (8), pp. 1027-1034Tonella, R.M., Araújo, S., Silva, A.M.O., Estimulação elétrica nervosa transcutânea no alívio da dor pós-operatória relacionada com procedimentos fisioterapêuticos em pacientes submetidos a intervenções cirúrgicas abdominais (2006) Rev Bras Anestesiol, 56 (6), pp. 630-64

Quantum Radiation from a 5-Dimensional Rotating Black Hole

We study a massless scalar field propagating in the background of a five-dimensional rotating black hole. We showed that in the Myers-Perry metric describing such a black hole the massless field equation allows the separation of variables. The obtained angular equation is a generalization of the equation for spheroidal functions. The radial equation is similar to the radial Teukolsky equation for the 4-dimensional Kerr metric. We use these results to quantize the massless scalar field in the space-time of the 5-dimensional rotating black hole and to derive expressions for energy and angular momentum fluxes from such a black hole.Comment: references added, accepted for publication in Physical Review

Targeted massively parallel sequencing panel to diagnose genetic endocrine disorders in a tertiary hospital

Objectives: To analyze the efficiency of a multigenic targeted massively parallel sequencing panel related to endocrine disorders for molecular diagnosis of patients assisted in a tertiary hospital involved in the training of medical faculty. Material and methods: Retrospective analysis of the clinical diagnosis and genotype obtained from 272 patients in the Endocrine unit of a tertiary hospital was performed using a custom panel designed with 653 genes, most of them already associated with the phenotype (OMIM) and some candidate genes that englobes developmental, metabolic and adrenal diseases. The enriched DNA libraries were sequenced in NextSeq 500. Variants found were then classified according to ACMG/AMP criteria, with Varsome and InterVar. Results: Three runs were performed; the mean coverage depth of the targeted regions in panel sequencing data was 249×, with at least 96.3% of the sequenced bases being covered more than 20-fold. The authors identified 66 LP/P variants (24%) and 27 VUS (10%). Considering the solved cases, 49 have developmental diseases, 12 have metabolic and 5 have adrenal diseases. Conclusion: The application of a multigenic panel aids the training of medical faculty in an academic hospital by showing the picture of the molecular pathways behind each disorder. This may be particularly helpful in developmental disease cases. A precise genetic etiology provides an improvement in understanding the disease, guides decisions about prevention or treatment, and allows genetic counseling

Complement Receptor Targeted Liposomes Encapsulating the Liver X Receptor Agonist GW3965 Accumulate in and Stabilize Atherosclerotic Plaques

Atherosclerosis is characterized by the retention of lipids in foam cells in the arterial intima. The liver X receptor (LXR) agonist GW3965 is a promising therapeutic compound, since it induces reverse cholesterol transport in foam cells. However, hepatic LXR activation increases plasma and liver lipid levels, inhibiting its clinical development. Herein, a formulation that specifically enhances GW3965 deposition in the atherosclerotic lesion is aimed to be developed. GW3965 is encapsulated in liposomes functionalized with the cyclic peptide Lyp-1 (CGNKRTRGC), which binds the p32 receptor expressed on foam cells. These liposomes show preferential uptake by foam cells in vitro and higher accumulation in atherosclerotic plaques in mice compared to non-targeted liposomes as determined by in vivo imaging. Flow cytometry analysis of plaques reveals increased retention of Lyp-1 liposomes in atherosclerotic plaque macrophages compared to controls (p Supramolecular & Biomaterials ChemistryMacromolecular Biochemistr

From chemical gardens to chemobrionics

Chemical gardens in laboratory chemistries ranging from silicates to polyoxometalates, in applications ranging from corrosion products to the hydration of Portland cement, and in natural settings ranging from hydrothermal vents in the ocean depths to brinicles beneath sea ice. In many chemical-garden experiments, the structure forms as a solid seed of a soluble ionic compound dissolves in a solution containing another reactive ion. In general any alkali silicate solution can be used due to their high solubility at high pH. The cation should not precipitate with the counterion of the metal salt used as seed. A main property of seed chemical-garden experiments is that initially, when the fluid is not moving under buoyancy or osmosis, the delivery of the inner reactant is diffusion controlled. Another experimental technique that isolates one aspect of chemical-garden formation is to produce precipitation membranes between different aqueous solutions by introducing the two solutions on either side of an inert carrier matrix. Chemical gardens may be grown upon injection of solutions into a so-called Hele-Shaw cell, a quasi-two-dimensional reactor consisting in two parallel plates separated by a small gap