La muerte: preferencias de entorno y recursos para gestionarla en el domicilio

Introducción: El significado de la palabra muerte ha variado a lo largo de la historia, al igual que la edad, las causas y el lugar donde se produce. Debido a que la esperanza de vida ha aumentado, también lo han hecho las enfermedades crónicas, por lo tanto la muerte se produce tras años de deterioro mental y físico. Objetivos: Identificar las preferencias del lugar de muerte a nivel nacional e internacional y determinar cuáles son los recursos para garantizar la muerte en el domicilio. Metodología: Se realizó una revisión bibliográfica sobre las preferencias del lugar de muerte, y de los recursos para gestionar la muerte en el domicilio. Consultándose las principales bases de datos: PUBMED, Scielo, ScienceDirect, el buscador de la biblioteca de la UA, la BVS y Google Académico. Además de una búsqueda en las páginas web sobre los recursos, consultando documentos en la Consejería de Sanidad de la CV, en el Ministerio de Sanidad, y en algunas asociaciones como SECPAL y DMD. Resultados: Se han seleccionado 27 artículos, de los cuales 18 pertenecen al primer objetivo y 9 al segundo. Además tras la búsqueda en internet de recursos, se seleccionaron 7 documentos. Conclusiones: Existe una controversia entre el número de muertes en el hospital y las preferencias de morir en el domicilio. Son múltiples las características que influyen en el lugar dónde se produce la muerte. En cuanto a los recursos, cumplimentar el documento de últimas voluntades se asocia con una menor probabilidad de morir en el hospital. El ESD es uno de los recursos más importantes para proporcionar cuidados de tipo hospitalario en el hogar. Se elaboró tanto la Estrategia en CP del SNS, como el Plan Integral de CP en la CV, con el fin de que todos los pacientes puedan acceder a unos cuidados básicos en CP

The foreign language assistant: a necessary figure in the classroom

Resumen basado en el de la publicaciónSe describen las distintas medidas que se llevan a cabo para el fomento de las lenguas extranjeras en nuestro país y explicar de una manera más detallada lo que supone tener a un auxiliar de conversación en el aula. La principal labor de estas personas es la de ser un mero colaborador lingüístico. No se trata de profesores en sí, básicamente sirven como apoyo al profesorado del departamento de lenguas. Para la elaboración del mismo, tomando como punto de partida la normativa que regula la provisión de estos auxiliares en España, se describe una experiencia personal como auxiliar en el extranjero. Se compara el sistema educativo británico con el español. La conclusión es que estas personas no sólo aportan una ayuda extra en las clases de idiomas, sino además la fluidez que una lengua requiere y también experiencias del país al que pertenece, ofreciendo un input cultural tanto para el profesorado como para el alumnado, que se beneficia a la hora de introducirse en la cultura meta.AndalucíaES

Management of feline diabetes mellitus: update and challenges

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Effects of adsorption properties and mechanical agitation of two detergent cellulases towards cotton cellulose

The impacts of two hybrid cloned commercial cellulases designed for detergency on cotton fibres were compared. HiCel45 has a family 45 catalytic domain and a fungal cellulose binding module (CBM) from the fungus Humicola insolens. BaCel5 has a family 5 catalytic domain and a fungal CBM from Bacillus spp. BaCel5 bound irreversibly to cellulose under the buffer conditions tested while HiCel45 was found to bind reversibly to cellulose because it showed low adsorption. BaCel5 seems to yield more activity towards cotton than HiCel45 under mild stirring conditions, but under strong mechanical agitation both enzymes produce similar amount of sugars. HiCel45 had a more progressive production of residual reducing ends on the fabric than BaCel5. These studies seem to indicate that HiCel45 is a more cooperative enzyme with detergent processes where high mechanical agitation is needed

Effect of the carbon nanotube surface characteristics on the conductivity and dielectric constant of carbon nanotube/poly(vinylidene fluoride) composites

Commercial multi-walled carbon nanotubes (CNT) were functionalized by oxidation with HNO3, to introduce oxygen-containing surface groups, and by thermal treatments at different temperatures for their selective removal. The obtained samples were characterized by adsorption of N2 at -196°C, temperature-programmed desorption and determination of pH at the point of zero charge. CNT/poly(vinylidene fluoride) composites were prepared using the above CNT samples, with different filler fractions up to 1 wt%. It was found that oxidation reduced composite conductivity for a given concentration, shifted the percolation threshold to higher concentrations, and had no significant effect in the dielectric response

Effects of Leachate Fertigation and the Addition of Hydrogen Peroxide on Growth and Nutrient Balance in Dracaena deremensis Potted Plants

The reuse of drainages for cultivating more salt tolerant crops can be a useful tool especially in arid regions, where there are severe problems for crops water management. Dracaena deremensis L. plants were cultured in pots with sphagnum peat-moss and were subjected to three fertigation treatments for 8 weeks: control treatment or standard nutrient solution (D0), raw leachates from Chrysalidocarpus lutescens H. Wendl plants (DL) and the same leachate blending with H2O2 (1.2 M) at 1% (v/v) (DL + H2O2). After harvesting, ornamental and biomass parameters, leaf and root proline and total soluble sugar concentration and nutrient balance were assessed in each fertigation treatment. Plant height, leaf and total dry weight had the highest values in plants fertigated with leachates with H2O2, whereas root length, leaf number, RGB values and pigment concentration declined significantly in plants fertigated with leachates from C. lutescens with or without H2O2. The fertigation with leachates, regardless of the presence or absence of H2O2 increased root and leaf proline concentration. Nevertheless, root and leaf total soluble sugar concentration did not show a clear trend under the treatments assessed. Regarding nutrient balance, the addition of H2O2 in the leachate resulted in an increase in plant nutrient uptake and efficiency compared to the control treatment. The fertigation with leachates with or without H2O2 increased nitrogen and potassium leached per plant compared to plants fertigated with the standard nutrient solution. The reuse of drainages is a viable option to produce ornamental plants reducing the problematic associated with the water consumption and the release of nutrients into the environment

Nursing students bringing first aid to the community

AimThis study aimed to evaluate the theoretical and practical skills acquired by nursing students and school students after the service-learning project.MethodsThis study promotes nursing students and school students working together to gain awareness and basic theoretical knowledge of first aid. The learning project was conducted with nursing students (n = 67) and school students (n = 131) from April to June 2022. The nursing students gave scores higher than 8 on the aspects linked to expectations, self-perception, overall assessment, and attainment of the goals, and these results are in line with the qualitative analysis.ResultsMoreover, 100% of the school students reported a satisfactory outcome about the service.ConclusionService-learning is a challenging and motivating methodology for nursing students, which results in greater engagement with theory and practice and the development of essential skills for future professionals

Vocal Cues to Male Physical Formidability

Animal vocalizations convey important information about the emitter, including sex, age, biological quality, and emotional state. Early on, Darwin proposed that sex differences in auditory signals and vocalizations were driven by sexual selection mechanisms. In humans, studies on the association between male voice attributes and physical formidability have thus far reported mixed results. Hence, with a view to furthering our understanding of the role of human voice in advertising physical formidability, we sought to identify acoustic attributes of male voices associated with physical formidability proxies. Mean fundamental frequency (F-0), formant dispersion (D-f), formant position (P-f), and vocal tract length (VTL) data from a sample of 101 male voices was analyzed for potential associations with height, weight, and maximal handgrip strength (HGS). F-0 correlated negatively with HGS; P-f showed negative correlations with HGS, height and weight, whereas VTL positively correlated with HGS, height and weight. All zero-order correlations remained significant after controlling for false discovery rate (FDR) with the Benjamini-Hochberg method. After controlling for height and weight -and controlling for FDR-the correlation between F-0 and HGS remained significant. In addition, to evaluate the ability of human male voices to advertise physical formidability to potential mates, 151 heterosexual female participants rated the voices of the 10 strongest and the 10 weakest males from the original sample for perceived physical strength, and given that physical strength is a desirable attribute in male partners, perceived attractiveness. Generalized linear mixed model analyses-which allow for generalization of inferences to other samples of both raters and targets-failed to support a significant association of perceived strength or attractiveness from voices alone and actual physical strength. These results add to the growing body of work on the role of human voices in conveying relevant biological information

Fabrication of poly(lactic acid) – poly(ethylene oxide) electrospun membranes with controlled micro to nanofiber sizes

Biodegradable poly(L-lactide acid) (PLLA) nanofiber membranes were prepared by electrospinning of PLLA and poly(ethylene oxide) (PEO). The selective removal of PEO by water allows to obtain smaller fiber diameters and to increase the porosity of the membranes in comparison to PLLA membranes obtained under the same electrospinning conditions. After removal of PEO membranes with fiber sizes of 260 nm and average porosity close to 80% are obtained. Thermal and infrared results confirm the poor miscibility of PLLA and PEO, with the PEO randomly distributed along the PLLA fibers. On the other, PLLA and PEO mixing strongly affect their respective degradation temperatures. The influence of the PEO in the electrospinning process is discussed and the results are correlated to the evolution of the PLLA fiber diameter