Submesoscale dynamics in the Western Mediterranean Sea

Thesis Tutor: Romualdo Romero March.-- Doctor of Philosophy in Physics, University of the Balearic Islands.The transition from mesoscale to submesoscale dynamics is investigated in the western Mediterranean Sea (WMed) using a set of ROMS model simulations. The research is structured in a series of sequential stages covering the mesoscale-tosubmesoscale range, starting from a regional overview of the WMed ocean circulation and zooming in towards local processes. The mesoscale exploration is assessed in terms of the Lorenz energy cycle (LEC), which provides a quantification of the kinetic-potential energy exchanges through eddymean flow interactions. The sources of eddy kinetic energy are analyzed by applying a regional formulation of the LEC to 18 years of the ROMSWMED32 numerical simulation at eddy-resolving resolution (3.5 km), which allows identification of whether the energy exchange between the mean and eddy flow is local or nonlocal. The patterns of energy conversion between the mean and eddy kinetic and potential energy are estimated in three subregions of the domain: the Alboran Sea, the Algerian Basin, and the Northern Basin. Results from the LEC analysis reveal that the Alboran Sea is the most energetic region in the WMed. The spatial characterization of the energy conversion routes, together with the physical and dynamical characteristics of the area, hints at two principal submesoscale mechanisms involved in maintaining balance: topographic vorticity generation (TVG) and frontogenesis (FG). The transition toward the submesoscale is explored in the Alboran Sea by means of two nested, realistic simulations covering this region with increasing horizontal resolutions ranging from 1.5 km (WMed1500) to 0.5 km (Alb500). Unbalanced submesoscale dynamics emerge in the finer solution as the model resolution is increased. The occurrence of TVG and FG in Alb500 does not display a clear spatial nor temporal variability which facilitates an overall statistical approach. Instead, our analysis is focused on particular events of FG and TVG which are considered to be representa- tive of the Alboran Sea dynamics. TVG is explored and quantified using the barotropic vorticity balance equation, in which the generation of vorticity through flow-topography interaction relies on contributions from bottom stress and form drag, the latter being the principal source. FG is analyzed in a recurrent, intense density front located at the eastern edge of the permanent western anticyclonic gyre (WAG) which has a similar structure to that of the climatological Almeria-Oran front. Alb500 accurately reproduces the process of FG in this front, instigated by the straining of the mesoscale velocity field, and the generation of ageostrophic secondary circulation, exhibiting transient downwelling events reaching peak vertical velocities of O(1) km day−1 . The vertical velocity background revealed throughout the analysis of the Alb500 solution suggests that vertical motions in the Alboran Sea might stem from additional sources of perturbations in the submesoscale range, such as mixed layer instabilities, tidal effects or topographic internal waves. Exploring these mechanisms and the possible interactions among them is beyond the scope of this Thesis; planned further analysis of the Alb500 simulation using Lagrangian techniques is likely to shed light on such processes.Este trabajo ha sido financiado por el Proyecto Intramural EVOS del Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Cient íficas (CSIC 201530E067) y por la Universitat de les IllesBalears, a través de la acción especial del Govern de les Illes Balears (AAEE110/2017

The interrelationship between the demands of Corporate Social Responsibility and co-operative principles and values

Corporate Social Responsibility (CSR) and its integrated management in companies is leading to a new company model that willingly expands its concerns by giving equal consideration to economic, social and environmental aspects. Cooperative societies, in paying attention to the principles and values that define them, as shown in this work, are demonstrating that there is a close interrelationship with the basic demands of CSR, which can be a competitive advantage as long as it is driven by a strategy that leads to its integrated management. The singular structure and democratic composition of a cooperative’s management structure can guarantee the total integration of stakeholders in the decision-making process, as they are often not only owners, but also clients, suppliers and employees.Corporate Social Responsibility, management, interest groups, cooperatives, stakeholders.

A social network-based organizational model for improving knowledge management in supply chains

Purpose: This paper aims to provide a social network-based model for improving knowledge management in multi-level supply chains formed by small and medium-sized enterprises (SMEs). Design/methodology/approach: This approach uses social network analysis techniques to propose and represent a knowledge network for supply chains. Also, an empirical experience from an exploratory case study in the construction sector is presented. Findings: This proposal improves the establishment of inter-organizational relationships into networks to exchange the knowledge among the companies along the supply chain and create specific knowledge by promoting confidence and motivation. Originality/value: This proposed model is useful for academics and practitioners in supply chain management to gain a better understanding of knowledge management processes, particularly for the supply chains formed by SMEs. © Emerald Group Publishing Limited.Capó-Vicedo, J.; Mula, J.; Capó I Vicedo, J. (2011). A social network-based organizational model for improving knowledge management in supply chains. Supply Chain Management: An International Journal. 16(5):379-388. doi:10.1108/13598541111155884S379388165Archer, N., Wang, S., & Kang, C. (2008). Barriers to the adoption of online supply chain solutions in small and medium enterprises. Supply Chain Management: An International Journal, 13(1), 73-82. doi:10.1108/13598540810850337Arend, R. J., & Wisner, J. D. (2005). Small business and supply chain management: is there a fit? Journal of Business Venturing, 20(3), 403-436. doi:10.1016/j.jbusvent.2003.11.003BERNARDES, E. S. (2010). THE EFFECT OF SUPPLY MANAGEMENT ON ASPECTS OF SOCIAL CAPITAL AND THE IMPACT ON PERFORMANCE: A SOCIAL NETWORK PERSPECTIVE. Journal of Supply Chain Management, 46(1), 45-55. doi:10.1111/j.1745-493x.2009.03185.xBORGATTI, S. P., & LI, X. (2009). ON SOCIAL NETWORK ANALYSIS IN A SUPPLY CHAIN CONTEXT. Journal of Supply Chain Management, 45(2), 5-22. doi:10.1111/j.1745-493x.2009.03166.xBorgatti, S. P., Mehra, A., Brass, D. J., & Labianca, G. (2009). Network Analysis in the Social Sciences. Science, 323(5916), 892-895. doi:10.1126/science.1165821Boschma, R. A., & ter Wal, A. L. J. (2007). Knowledge Networks and Innovative Performance in an Industrial District: The Case of a Footwear District in the South of Italy. Industry & Innovation, 14(2), 177-199. doi:10.1080/13662710701253441Cadilhon, J.J. and Fearne, A.P. (2005), “Lessons in collaboration: a case study from Vietnam”,Supply Chain Management Review, Vol. 9 No. 4, pp. 11‐12.Carter, C. R., Ellram, L. M., & Tate, W. (2007). THE USE OF SOCIAL NETWORK ANALYSIS IN LOGISTICS RESEARCH. Journal of Business Logistics, 28(1), 137-168. doi:10.1002/j.2158-1592.2007.tb00235.xChen, I. J., & Paulraj, A. (2004). Understanding supply chain management: critical research and a theoretical framework. International Journal of Production Research, 42(1), 131-163. doi:10.1080/00207540310001602865Cheng, J., Yeh, C., & Tu, C. (2008). Trust and knowledge sharing in green supply chains. Supply Chain Management: An International Journal, 13(4), 283-295. doi:10.1108/13598540810882170CHOI, T. Y., & WU, Z. (2009). TRIADS IN SUPPLY NETWORKS: THEORIZING BUYER-SUPPLIER-SUPPLIER RELATIONSHIPS. Journal of Supply Chain Management, 45(1), 8-25. doi:10.1111/j.1745-493x.2009.03151.xCrone, M., & Roper, S. (2001). Local Learning from Multinational Plants: Knowledge Transfers in the Supply Chain. Regional Studies, 35(6), 535-548. doi:10.1080/00343400120065705Egbu, C. O., Hari, S., & Renukappa, S. H. (2005). Knowledge management for sustainable competitiveness in small and medium surveying practices. Structural Survey, 23(1), 7-21. doi:10.1108/02630800510586871Fong, P. S. W., & Kwok, C. W. C. (2009). Organizational Culture and Knowledge Management Success at Project and Organizational Levels in Contracting Firms. Journal of Construction Engineering and Management, 135(12), 1348-1356. doi:10.1061/(asce)co.1943-7862.0000106Giannakis, M. (2008). Facilitating learning and knowledge transfer through supplier development. Supply Chain Management: An International Journal, 13(1), 62-72. doi:10.1108/13598540810850328Giuliani, E. (2007). The selective nature of knowledge networks in clusters: evidence from the wine industry. Journal of Economic Geography, 7(2), 139-168. doi:10.1093/jeg/lbl014Giuliani, E., & Bell, M. (2005). The micro-determinants of meso-level learning and innovation: evidence from a Chilean wine cluster. Research Policy, 34(1), 47-68. doi:10.1016/j.respol.2004.10.008Gunasekaran, A., Patel, C., & Tirtiroglu, E. (2001). Performance measures and metrics in a supply chain environment. International Journal of Operations & Production Management, 21(1/2), 71-87. doi:10.1108/01443570110358468Hogarth‐Scott, S. (1999). Retailer‐supplier partnerships: hostages to fortune or the way forward for the millennium? British Food Journal, 101(9), 668-682. doi:10.1108/00070709910288865Javernick-Will, A. N., & Scott, W. R. (2010). Who Needs to Know What? Institutional Knowledge and Global Projects. Journal of Construction Engineering and Management, 136(5), 546-557. doi:10.1061/(asce)co.1943-7862.0000035Johnsen, T. E., Johnsen, R. E., & Lamming, R. C. (2008). Supply relationship evaluation: European Management Journal, 26(4), 274-287. doi:10.1016/j.emj.2007.10.001Kinder, T. (2003). Go with the flow—a conceptual framework for supply relations in the era of the extended enterprise. Research Policy, 32(3), 503-523. doi:10.1016/s0048-7333(02)00021-5Lambert, D. M., Cooper, M. C., & Pagh, J. D. (1998). Supply Chain Management: Implementation Issues and Research Opportunities. The International Journal of Logistics Management, 9(2), 1-20. doi:10.1108/09574099810805807Lamming, R., Caldwell, N., & Phillips, W. (2006). A Conceptual Model of Value-Transparency in Supply. European Management Journal, 24(2-3), 206-213. doi:10.1016/j.emj.2006.03.010Lamming, R., Caldwell, N., Phillips, W., & Harrison, D. (2005). Sharing Sensitive Information in Supply Relationships: European Management Journal, 23(5), 554-563. doi:10.1016/j.emj.2005.09.010Levy, M., Loebbecke, C., & Powell, P. (2003). SMEs, co-opetition and knowledge sharing: the role of information systems. European Journal of Information Systems, 12(1), 3-17. doi:10.1057/palgrave.ejis.3000439McCarthy, T. M., & Golicic, S. L. (2002). Implementing collaborative forecasting to improve supply chain performance. International Journal of Physical Distribution & Logistics Management, 32(6), 431-454. doi:10.1108/09600030210437960Malhotra, A., Gosain, S. and El Sawy, O.A. (2001), “Absorptive capacity configurations in supply chains: gearing for partner‐enabled market knowledge creation”,MIS Quarterly, Vol. 29 No. 1, pp. 145‐87.Matopoulos, A., Vlachopoulou, M., Manthou, V., & Manos, B. (2007). A conceptual framework for supply chain collaboration: empirical evidence from the agri‐food industry. Supply Chain Management: An International Journal, 12(3), 177-186. doi:10.1108/13598540710742491Mentzas, G., Apostolou, D., Kafentzis, K., & Georgolios, P. (2006). Inter-organizational networks for knowledge sharing and trading. Information Technology and Management, 7(4), 259-276. doi:10.1007/s10799-006-0276-8Morrison, A. (2008). Gatekeepers of Knowledgewithin Industrial Districts: Who They Are, How They Interact. Regional Studies, 42(6), 817-835. doi:10.1080/00343400701654178Morrison, A., & Rabellotti, R. (2009). Knowledge and Information Networks in an Italian Wine Cluster. European Planning Studies, 17(7), 983-1006. doi:10.1080/09654310902949265Newell, S., Bresnen, M., Edelman, L., Scarbrough, H., & Swan, J. (2006). Sharing Knowledge Across Projects. Management Learning, 37(2), 167-185. doi:10.1177/1350507606063441Nonaka, I. (1994). A Dynamic Theory of Organizational Knowledge Creation. Organization Science, 5(1), 14-37. doi:10.1287/orsc.5.1.14Ozkul, A., & Barut, M. (2009). Measuring supply chain relationships: a social network approach. International Journal of Integrated Supply Management, 5(1), 38. doi:10.1504/ijism.2009.026204Ramírez-Pasillas, M. (2010). International trade fairs as amplifiers of permanent and temporary proximities in clusters. Entrepreneurship & Regional Development, 22(2), 155-187. doi:10.1080/08985620902815106Sanderson, J., & Cox, A. (2008). The challenges of supply strategy selection in a project environment: evidence from UK naval shipbuilding. Supply Chain Management: An International Journal, 13(1), 16-25. doi:10.1108/13598540810850283Seggie, S. H., Kim, D., & Cavusgil, S. T. (2006). Do supply chain IT alignment and supply chain interfirm system integration impact upon brand equity and firm performance? Journal of Business Research, 59(8), 887-895. doi:10.1016/j.jbusres.2006.03.005Soosay, C. A., Hyland, P. W., & Ferrer, M. (2008). Supply chain collaboration: capabilities for continuous innovation. Supply Chain Management: An International Journal, 13(2), 160-169. doi:10.1108/13598540810860994Vaaland, T. I., & Heide, M. (2007). Can the SME survive the supply chain challenges? Supply Chain Management: An International Journal, 12(1), 20-31. doi:10.1108/13598540710724374Venters, W., Cornford, T., & Cushman, M. (2005). Knowledge about Sustainability: SSM as a Method for Conceptualising the UK Construction Industry�s Knowledge Environment. 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Nebraska\u27s Wedding Crasher

My building thinks of itself as Lincoln\u27s premier wedding venue. I was not told this when I signed the lease. A glitch of duct work sends the sounds of every single party straight through the exhaust fan of my apartment\u27s bathroom, so loud and clear that I can hear the names of everyone in the wedding party as they are announced -- not just in the bathroom, but from the living room. I can hear when people are clapping, can hear the claps as individual sonic events: I can almost always make out the crisp echo of the last person clapping. This March, the reception space in my building was host to a wedding fair. I went in my pajama pants. We make sure every wedding is unique, one vendor told me while gesturing to a Mason jar with a candle in it. I\u27d wandered over because she was giving out chocolates. When asked, I told most of these well-meaning vendors I was a bride-to-be or the sister of a bride-to-be. What I learned quickly not to say was that I was divorced, as this got me politely shunned from whatever free sample they were offering. You only get married once! they reassured me. Divorce threatened the very angle that has made weddings a $60-billion-a-year industry. The Mason jar thing is so over, another vendor told me. My mouth full of bacon-wrapped dates, I asked what, then, is the new thing. Industrial Modern or Bohemian Classic. She added, We\u27re seeing a lot of unique things come out of those themes. ..

Tomistes i Lul·listes al segle XVIII a Santa Maria del Camí

Abstract not availabl

Synthesis and characterization of supramolecular assemblies of cobalt(II)

Treballs Finals de Grau de Química, Facultat de Química, Universitat de Barcelona, Any: 2021, Tutora: Leoni A. Barrios MorenoSupramolecular chemistry is based on weak interactions formed between molecules. In this area, a new series of Cobalt(II)-based helicates have been developed, which due to its intramolecular interactions and the properties of cobalt can lead to interesting magnetic properties, such as behaving as Single Molecular Magnets (SMMs) or presenting spin transition (SCO). This work describes the synthesis and characterization of three assemblies acting as host–guest systems including their magnetic study. To this end, the ligands L1, L2 and L3 ligands have been used to form Cobalt(II) dinuclear helicates, capable of holding different anions in their cavities. Although in one case the intention was the encapsulation of BF4- and PF6-, it has been found that heteroleptic helicates have a strong template effect towards the encapsulation of SiF62, over which the charge 2- may be a key component in their high stability. Therefore, this opens a new line of research to understand better how template effect works in heteroleptic systems

ASPA as a new regulator of cancer-associated fibroblasts

Los Fibroblastos Asociados al Cáncer (CAFs) presentan un fenotipo patológicamente activado que promueve la remodelación de la matriz extracelular (ECM) y la señalización pro-tumoral a las células cancerosas. También presentan adaptaciones metabólicas para generar metabolitos que sustentan a las células cancerosas. En este trabajo, se identificó la enzima Aspartoacilasa (ASPA) como un nuevo gen regulador del estroma tumoral. Su expresión está consistentemente disminuida en CAFs de diferentes tumores, y está correlacionada con un peor pronóstico. La modulación de la expresión de ASPA en CAFs afecta los niveles de expresión de marcadores asociados a CAFs, su capacidad de remodelación de la ECM y la interacción con las células cancerosas, así como el metabolismo intracelular de los fibroblastos. Por lo tanto, el estudio del papel de ASPA en los CAFs puede ayudarnos a comprender la comunicación entre el tumor y el estroma, y cómo la modulación de ASPA afecta la aparición de un fenotipo pro- tumoral en los CAFs. Esperamos que estos avances informen estrategias para frenar las funciones protumorales de los CAFs y comprometan la progresión tumoral.Cancer Associated Fibroblasts (CAFs) present a pathologically activated phenotype that promotes extracellular matrix (ECM) remodelling and pro- tumorigenic signalling to cancer cells. CAFs may also present metabolic adaptations to generate metabolites to fuel cancer cell growth. We identified the metabolic enzyme Aspartoacylase (ASPA) as a new tumour stromal regulator gene. Its expression is consistently downregulated in CAFs of different tumour types, and it is correlated with a poorer prognosis. Modulation of ASPA expression in CAFs affect their levels of CAF marker expression, ECM remodelling capacity and the crosstalk to cancer cells, as well as fibroblasts intracellular metabolism. Therefore, understanding ASPA role in CAFs may illuminate the intricate crosstalk between tumour and stroma, and how ASPA modulation affects the emergence of a fully protumour CAF phenotype. We expect these advances to inform strategies to restrain tumour-promoting behaviours in CAFs and compromise tumour progression.La financiación para la realización de esta Tesis doctoral ha sido proporcionada por AECC (LABAE19044CALV y PRYCO211372RODR), MCIU/AEI/ 10.13039/501100011033 (RTI2018-096778-A-I00, PID2021-128107OB-I00); BBVA Leonardo Awards (IN[19]_BBM_BAS_0076), y ERC (ERCCoG- 101045756). La financiación para la realización de la estancia internacional en Beatson Institute ha sido proporcionada por EMBO (Embo scientific exchange grant) y FEBS (Summer internships)

Fisiopatología de la necrosis de la cabeza femoral no traumática : estado actual de conocimientos

La necrosis de la cabeza femoral en la forma atraumática afecta a una población joven, por lo que los esfuerzos de los investigadores van dirigidos a esclarecer la etiología y fisiopatología de esta enfermedad, para establecer las bases de la prevención y el tratamiento no quirúrgico; así intentar evitar que se llegue a la fases de colapso de la cabeza femoral y degeneración artrósica de la articulación de la cadera, que obliguen a colocar una artroplastia total de sustitución a una edad temprana. El alcoholismo, coagulopatías, la enfermedad de células falciformes y la infección por VIH son las etiologías descritas más detalladamente, aunque todas llegan a una vía común de isquemia y necrosis del hueso, un proceso de reparación a favor de la resorción ósea con pérdida de la integridad estructural y colapso subcondral. Todo ello favorecido por una predisposición genética. En cuanto al tratamiento existe una tendencia a reservar la artroplastia de sustitución para cuando ya hay colapso subcondral e intentar alternativas más conservadoras en estadios precolapso, aunque se obtienen mejores resultados con la artroplastia