66 research outputs found
Optimización del diseño de las actuaciones y de la planta propulsora del INTA-ALO para la minimización del consumo energético
El objetivo de este trabajo es el estudio y optimización de las actuaciones y la planta propulsora
de una aeronave con planta de potencia eléctrica.
El avión estudiado es el INTA ALO, avión de reconocimiento y vigilancia en tiempo real con
capacidad de recolección de imágenes en el espectro visible y de infrarrojos. La misión estudiada
por su parte, es la que dicho avión desarrolla en el centro de investigación del Arenosillo.
En el desarrollo del trabajo se ha estudiado la configuración inicial de la aeronave, obteniendo
los consumos de potencia y energÃa. Posteriormente se ha desarrollado el proceso de optimización,
identificando las posibilidades de mejora a introducir en la nueva configuración.
Una vez seleccionada la configuración final, se han vuelto a calcular los consumos de potencia y
energÃa para la misma, comparando estos con los resultados iniciales, verificándose asà las mejoras
introducidas por las modificaciones.The objective of this work is the study and optimization of the actions and the propulsion plant
of an aircraft with electric power plant.
The aircraft studied is the INTA ALO, a real-time reconnaissance and surveillance aircraft with
image collection capacity in the visible and infrared spectrum. The mission studied, on the other
hand, is the one that this aircraft develops in the Arenosillo research center.
In the development of the work, the initial configuration of the aircraft has been studied, obtaining
the power and energy consumption. Subsequently, the optimization process has been developed,
identifying the possibilities of improvement to be introduced in the new configuration.
Once the final configuration has been selected, the power and energy consumption for it has been
recalculated, comparing these with the initial results, thus verifying the improvements introduced
by the modifications.Universidad de Sevilla. Grado en IngenierÃa Aeroespacia
Energy-based stochastic resetting can avoid noise-enhanced stability
The theory of stochastic resetting asserts that restarting a stochastic
process can expedite its completion. In this paper, we study the escape process
of a Brownian particle in an open Hamiltonian system that suffers
noise-enhanced stability. This phenomenon implies that under specific noise
amplitudes the escape process is delayed. Here, we propose a new protocol for
stochastic resetting that can avoid the noise-enhanced stability effect. In our
approach, instead of resetting the trajectories at certain time intervals, a
trajectory is reset when a predefined energy threshold is reached. The
trajectories that delay the escape process are the ones that lower their energy
due to the stochastic fluctuations. Our resetting approach leverages this fact
and avoids long transients by resetting trajectories before they reach low
energy levels. Finally, we show that the chaotic dynamics (i.e., the sensitive
dependence on initial conditions) catalyzes the effectiveness of the resetting
strategy
Rate and memory effects in bifurcation-induced tipping
A variation in the environment of a system, such as the temperature, the
concentration of a chemical solution or the appearance of a magnetic field, may
lead to a drift in one of the parameters. If the parameter crosses a
bifurcation point, the system can tip from one attractor to another
(bifurcation-induced tipping). Typically, this stability exchange occurs at a
parameter value beyond the bifurcation value. This is what we call here the
stability exchange shift. We study systematically how the shift is affected by
the initial parameter value and its change rate. To that end, we present
numerical and analytical results for different types of bifurcations and
different paradigmatic systems. Finally, we deduce the scaling laws governing
this phenomenon. We show that increasing the change rate and starting the drift
further from the bifurcation can delay the tipping process. Furthermore, if the
change rate is sufficiently small, the shift becomes independent of the initial
condition (no memory) and the shift tends to zero as the square root of the
change rate. Thus, the bifurcation diagram for the system with fixed parameters
is recovered
A toggle-switch and a feed-forward loop engage in the control of the Drosophila retinal determination gene network
Dipterans show a striking range of eye sizes, shapes, and functional specializations. Their eye is of the compound type, the most frequent eye architecture in nature. The development of this compound eye has been most studied in Drosophila melanogaster. The early development of the Drosophila eye is under the control of a gene regulatory network of transcription factors and signaling molecules called the retinal determination gene network (RDGN). Nodes in this network have been found to be involved not only in the development of different eye types in invertebrates and vertebrates, but also of other organs. Here we have analyzed the network properties in detail. First, we have generated quantitative expression profiles for a number of the key RDGN transcription factors, at a single-cell resolution. With these profiles, and applying a correlation analysis, we revisited several of the links in the RDGN. Our study uncovers a new link, that we confirm experimentally, between the transcription factors Hth/Meis1 and Optix/Six3 and indicates that, at least during the period of eye differentiation, positive feedback regulation from Eya and Dac on the Pax6 gene Ey is not operating. From this revised RDGN we derive a simplified gene network that we model mathematically. This network integrates three basic motifs: a coherent feedforward loop, a toggle-switch and a positive autoregulation which, together with the input from the Dpp/BMP2 signaling molecule, recapitulate the gene expression profiles obtained experimentally, while ensuring a robust transition from progenitor cells into retinal precursors.This work was funded by MINECO and the Agencia Estatal de Investigacion (AEI) of Spain, co-financed by FEDER funds (EU) through grants BFU2012-34324 and BFU2015-66040-P to FC, MDM-2016-0687 in which FC is participant researcher, and TIN2017-89842 P in which MCL is participant researcher
A Toggle-Switch and a Feed-Forward Loop Engage in the Control of the Drosophila Retinal Determination Gene Network
Dipterans show a striking range of eye sizes, shapes, and functional specializations.
Their eye is of the compound type, the most frequent eye architecture in nature. The
development of this compound eye has been most studied in Drosophila melanogaster.
The early development of the Drosophila eye is under the control of a gene regulatory
network of transcription factors and signaling molecules called the retinal determination
gene network (RDGN). Nodes in this network have been found to be involved not only in
the development of different eye types in invertebrates and vertebrates, but also of other
organs. Here we have analyzed the network properties in detail. First, we have generated
quantitative expression profiles for a number of the key RDGN transcription factors,
at a single-cell resolution. With these profiles, and applying a correlation analysis, we
revisited several of the links in the RDGN. Our study uncovers a new link, that we confirm
experimentally, between the transcription factors Hth/Meis1 and Optix/Six3 and indicates
that, at least during the period of eye differentiation, positive feedback regulation from
Eya and Dac on the Pax6 gene Ey is not operating. From this revised RDGN we derive
a simplified gene network that we model mathematically. This network integrates three
basic motifs: a coherent feedforward loop, a toggle-switch and a positive autoregulation
which, together with the input from the Dpp/BMP2 signaling molecule, recapitulate the
gene expression profiles obtained experimentally, while ensuring a robust transition from
progenitor cells into retinal precursors.MINECOFEDER (BFU2012-34324, BFU2015-66040-P)Agencia Estatal de Investigacion (AEI) of Spai
Age-Dependent Association between Low Frequency of CD27/CD28 Expression on pp65 CD8+ T Cells and Cytomegalovirus Replication after Transplantation
In this cross-sectional study of 42 solid organ transplant recipients, the association of human cytomegalovirus (HCMV) replication and age with the phenotype of the HCMV-specific CD8+ T cells was analyzed by using the CMV pp65 HLA-A*0201 pentamer. A correlation between the proportion of CD28− HCMV-specific CD8+ T cells and age was observed in patients without HCMV replication (r = 0.50; P = 0.02) but not in patients with HCMV replication (r = −0.05; P = 0.83), a finding which differs from that observed for total CD8+ T cells. Within the group of patients younger than 50 years of age, patients with HCVM replication after transplantation had higher percentages of CD28− HCMV-specific CD8+ T cells (85.6 compared with 58.7% for patients without HCMV replication; P = 0.004) and CD27− HCMV-specific CD8+ T cells (90.7 compared with 68.8% for patients without HCMV replication; P = 0.03). However, in patients older than age 50 years, a high frequency of these two subpopulations was observed in patients both with and without previous HCMV replication (for CD28− HCMV-specific CD8+ T cells, 84.4 and 80.9%, respectively [P = 0.39]; for CD27− HCMV-specific CD8+ T cells 86.6 and 81.5%, respectively [P = 0.16]). In conclusion, the present study shows that in the group of recipients younger than age 50 years, HCMV replication after transplantation is associated with a high percentage of CD27− and CD28− HCMV-specific CD8+ T cells. These results suggest that the increased percentage of CD27− or CD28− HCMV-specific subsets can be considered a biomarker of HCMV replication in solid organ transplant recipients younger than age 50 years but not in older patients. Further studies are necessary to define the significance of these changes in HCMV-associated clinical complications posttransplantation
Pretransplant CMV-Specific T-Cell Immunity But Not Dose of Antithymocyte Globulin Is Associated With Recovery of Specific Immunity After Kidney Transplantation
Background
This is a prospective, multicenter, observational study in cytomegalovirus (CMV)-seropositive kidney transplant recipients with pretransplant CMV-specific cell-mediated immunity (CMV-CMI) receiving antithymocyte globulin (ATG). We aimed to investigate posttransplant CMV-CMI over time and the impact of the dose-dependent ATG.
Methods
CMV-CMI was assessed at days +30, +45, +60, and +90 after transplantation with the QuantiFERON-CMV assay. A reactive result (interferon-γ [IFN-γ] ≥ 0.2 IU/mL) indicated a positive CMV-CMI.
Results
A total of 78 positive CMV-CMI patients were enrolled in the study, of which 59.5% had a positive CMV-CMI at day +30 and 82.7% at day +90. Multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that ATG dose was not associated with positive CMV-CMI at any point. However, pretransplant IFN-γ level (>12 IU/mL vs ≤12 IU/mL) was associated with positive CMV-CMI at day +30 (odds ratio, 12.9; 95% confidence interval, 3.1–53.3; P < .001). In addition, all the patients who did not recover CMV-CMI at day +90 had a pretransplant IFN-γ level ≤12 IU/mL.
Conclusions
More than half of CMV-seropositive kidney transplant recipients receiving ATG recover (or maintain) CMV-CMI by the first month after transplantation. The pretransplant IFN-γ level, but not the ATG dose, shows a strong association with the kinetics of this recovery
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