Rehabilitación de un taller de prácticas para la adaptación a las nuevas titulaciones según el proceso de Bolonia en la EUIT Agrícola (UPM).

El proceso de Bolonia supone una gran oportunidad para aplicar en el aula nuevas metodologías de aprendizaje activo. Sin embargo, estas técnicas necesitan la adaptación de las instalaciones de los distintos centros ya que la mayoría de las aulas, laboratorios y talleres tienen una distribución correcta para el desarrollo de clases magistrales, dificultando la realización de distintas técnicas grupales. Las nuevas titulaciones, orientadas a una mayor cooperación y adquisición de competencias transversales asociadas al trabajo grupal requieren, por tanto, la adaptación de estas instalaciones para la consecución de los objetivos de las asignaturas incluidas en los nuevos planes de estudio. En la Escuela Universitaria de Ingeniería Técnica Agrícola han finalizado las obras del taller de prácticas del departamento de Ingeniería Rural, donde se pretende mejorar la calidad docente orientando la docencia hacia las nuevas metodologías de enseñanza que vendrán determinadas con la implantación de las nuevas titulaciones adaptadas al EEES

Elementos predictores del rendimiento matemático en estudiantes de Educación Secundaria Obligatoria

Resumen:El estudio de las actitudes hacia las matemáticas ha propiciado la realización de numerosas investigaciones orientadas a identificar dichas actitudes y a desarrollar instrumentos para su medida. Por otro lado, los resultados de las evaluaciones de organismos internacionales ponen de manifiesto el bajo rendimiento de los estudiantes en las matemáticas. A partir de una muestra de 2549 alumnos de Educación Secundaria Obligatoria, siguiendo los modelos de ecuaciones estructurales, se ha propuesto un modelo basado en dos escalas: “Actitud del profesor percibida por el alumno” (APPA) y “Agrado y utilidad de las matemáticas” (AUM) de Mato y Muñoz (2008), y se ha analizado mediante análisis de regresión múltiple (paso a paso) su relación con el rendimiento académico medido a través de la calificación del curso pasado. Los resultados muestran una relación directa de las dos escalas entre sí, confirmándose la importancia de éstas como variables predictoras sobre el rendimiento. Por lo tanto, la “Percepción que tienen los estudiantes del profesor de matemáticas” y el “Agrado y utilidad de las matemáticas” pueden influir de manera determinante en el proceso de enseñanza y de aprendizaje, así como en los resultados académicos adquiridos. Abstract:The study of attitudes towards mathematics has led to the realization of numerous investigations aimed at identifying these attitudes and developing instruments for its measurement. On the other hand, the results of evaluations of international organizations highlight the poor performance of students in Mathematics. From a sample of 2549 students of Secondary Education, following structural equation models, we have proposed a model based on two scales: teacher attitude as perceived by the student (APPA) and utility and value of mathematics in the future (AUM) by Mato y Muñoz (2008), and analyzed by multiple regression analysis (stepwise) its relationship to academic performance. The results show a direct relationship between the two scales, confirming their importance as predictor variables on performance. Therefore, “The perception that students have of Mathematics teacher” and the “Utility and value of Mathematics” can have a decisive influence on the process of teaching and learning, as well as in the acquired academic results

Sexo, actitud y rendimiento en matemáticas. Variables predictoras

En educación, la matemática es una materia bien valorada socialmente, si bien sufre el rechazo de los alumnos y obtiene un rendimiento bajo en el curriculum escolar. Esta investigación pretende, verificada la calidad de la escala “Actitudes hacia las Matemáticas” de Mato-Vázquez (2006), analizar el valor predictivo en el rendimiento académico que tienen variables como la actitud, el sexo y los estudios y profesión de los padres. Utilizamos un muestreo no probabilístico casual a 2.549 sujetos de ESO, y se realizó un estudio de corte descriptivo, correlacional y predictivo. Los resultados muestran la importancia de la actitud, agrado y utilidad de las matemáticas, si bien la profesión y estudios de los padres influyen de diferente manera en función del sexo.The subject of mathematics is highly valued socially. However, it suffers the rejection of students and obtains a low performance in the school curriculum. This research aims to analyse the predictive value in academic performance of variables such as attitude, sex and profession and studies of parents. A casual non-probabilistic sampling was applied to 2.549 high school students. Subsequently, descriptive, correlational and predictive analyses were carried out. The results show the importance of attitude, pleasure and usefulness of mathematics, although the profession and studies of parents influence differently depending on sex

Identificación de una población de bien dotados

[Resumen] Este artículo recoge la identificación de sujetos bien dotados en los cursos de Primera (6-12 años) y 10 ciclos de ESO (13-14 años) en cinco centros públicos de la comunidad autónoma de España y para ello se construye una matriz de rasgos característicos de la población de bien dotados, que se les ha pasado a expertos de educación para preseleccionar a la muestra del estudio. Posteriorlnente se les aplicará los Test de Matrices Progresivas de Raven y el de AMPE.[Abstract] In this article we have pretended to identificate gifted children in the courses of Prünary (6-12 years old) and 10 cicle of secundary (13-14 years old) in five public centers of the Autonomy Comunity of Spain and for that we have elaborated a matrix to detected caracterist lines in the population of gifteg children. Fot that we have copilated the dates and give them to the exports of Education with the idea of preselection a sampling of our study. Tem we will apply severd tests like Progressive Matrix ofRaven and the AMPE (Secadas, 1961

Síndrome de Rett: identificación de una patología en nuestras aulas

[Resumen] Todavía no se ha establecido una adecuada orientación en el potencial de aprendizaje de los niños con Síndrome de Rett. (A.V.S.R.,1995). Por ello, pretendeInos exponer en este trabajo un enfoque dedicado a las estrategias de intervención u orientación, que ya han sido utilizadas con algunas niñas de forIna experimental en otros paises con relativo éxito. SabeInos que este síndrome afecta a las niñas, esta ligado al cromosoma X, que su reconocimiento y tratamiento como patología data de la década de los 60 cuando el profesor neuropsiquiatra Rett descubrió que en la sala de su consulta había dos niñas, que estaban haciendo el mismo movimiento estereotipado y decidió prestar atención a lo que les sucedía, dándole posteriormente, su nombre al síndrome que estudió tan detenidamente

Early Postoperative Monitoring of the Liver Graft

Liver transplantation (LT) is a common current technique for end-stage liver disease. Complications after the surgical procedure, though uncommon, can be of very different origin and can also be severe enough to lead to liver and multiorgan failure and finally graft loss and/or recipient’s death. Intensivists and the surgical team must be familiarized with these early complications to detect them as soon as possible in order to use the best diagnostic tools and take the best therapeutic measures to restore anatomical integrity and organ function to optimize the liver graft. In this chapter, we present an updated state of the art for efficiently tackling with all different, most usual complications that an LT patient can present during early postoperative period

Management of New Special Devices for Intubation in Difficult Airway Situations

Difficult airway management in critically ill patients has serious implications, as failing to secure a stable airway can lead to a brain injury or even death. Early recognition of a difficult airway can allow the clinician to minimize the potential morbid-mortality. In this chapter, we describe all about the common scenarios that we may tackle when we need to secure a patent airway. It is important to know common definitions about the airway, pre-visualize potential problems and knowing how to be aware of the different pathways on managing and solving the different problems that clinicians may face. It is highlighted to know all the different medical equipment and medication used when an airway is suspected not to be easy to manage or when problems arrive without warning and the practitioner needs to rapidly change the plan on the go. We discuss the current most relevant guidelines and literature about this subject trying to give a practical approach

Canagliflozin and renal outcomes in type 2 diabetes and nephropathy

BACKGROUND Type 2 diabetes mellitus is the leading cause of kidney failure worldwide, but few effective long-term treatments are available. In cardiovascular trials of inhibitors of sodium–glucose cotransporter 2 (SGLT2), exploratory results have suggested that such drugs may improve renal outcomes in patients with type 2 diabetes. METHODS In this double-blind, randomized trial, we assigned patients with type 2 diabetes and albuminuric chronic kidney disease to receive canagliflozin, an oral SGLT2 inhibitor, at a dose of 100 mg daily or placebo. All the patients had an estimated glomerular filtration rate (GFR) of 30 to <90 ml per minute per 1.73 m2 of body-surface area and albuminuria (ratio of albumin [mg] to creatinine [g], >300 to 5000) and were treated with renin–angiotensin system blockade. The primary outcome was a composite of end-stage kidney disease (dialysis, transplantation, or a sustained estimated GFR of <15 ml per minute per 1.73 m2), a doubling of the serum creatinine level, or death from renal or cardiovascular causes. Prespecified secondary outcomes were tested hierarchically. RESULTS The trial was stopped early after a planned interim analysis on the recommendation of the data and safety monitoring committee. At that time, 4401 patients had undergone randomization, with a median follow-up of 2.62 years. The relative risk of the primary outcome was 30% lower in the canagliflozin group than in the placebo group, with event rates of 43.2 and 61.2 per 1000 patient-years, respectively (hazard ratio, 0.70; 95% confidence interval [CI], 0.59 to 0.82; P=0.00001). The relative risk of the renal-specific composite of end-stage kidney disease, a doubling of the creatinine level, or death from renal causes was lower by 34% (hazard ratio, 0.66; 95% CI, 0.53 to 0.81; P<0.001), and the relative risk of end-stage kidney disease was lower by 32% (hazard ratio, 0.68; 95% CI, 0.54 to 0.86; P=0.002). The canagliflozin group also had a lower risk of cardiovascular death, myocardial infarction, or stroke (hazard ratio, 0.80; 95% CI, 0.67 to 0.95; P=0.01) and hospitalization for heart failure (hazard ratio, 0.61; 95% CI, 0.47 to 0.80; P<0.001). There were no significant differences in rates of amputation or fracture. CONCLUSIONS In patients with type 2 diabetes and kidney disease, the risk of kidney failure and cardiovascular events was lower in the canagliflozin group than in the placebo group at a median follow-up of 2.62 years

Performance, Processing and Perception of Communicative Motion for Avatars and Agents

Artificial agents and avatars are designed with a large variety of face and body configurations. Some of these (such as virtual characters in films) may be highly realistic and human-like, while others (such as social robots) have considerably more limited expressive means. In both cases, human motion serves as the model and inspiration for the non-verbal behavior displayed. This thesis focuses on increasing the expressive capacities of artificial agents and avatars using two main strategies: 1) improving the automatic capturing of the most communicative areas for human communication, namely the face and the fingers, and 2) increasing communication clarity by proposing novel ways of eliciting clear and readable non-verbal behavior. The first part of the thesis covers automatic methods for capturing and processing motion data. In paper A, we propose a novel dual sensor method for capturing hands and fingers using optical motion capture in combination with low-cost instrumented gloves. The approach circumvents the main problems with marker-based systems and glove-based systems, and it is demonstrated and evaluated on a key-word signing avatar. In paper B, we propose a robust method for automatic labeling of sparse, non-rigid motion capture marker sets, and we evaluate it on a variety of marker configurations for finger and facial capture. In paper C, we propose an automatic method for annotating hand gestures using Hierarchical Hidden Markov Models (HHMMs). The second part of the thesis covers studies on creating and evaluating multimodal databases with clear and exaggerated motion. The main idea is that this type of motion is appropriate for agents under certain communicative situations (such as noisy environments) or for agents with reduced expressive degrees of freedom (such as humanoid robots). In paper D, we record motion capture data for a virtual talking head with variable articulation style (normal-to-over articulated). In paper E, we use techniques from mime acting to generate clear non-verbal expressions custom tailored for three agent embodiments (face-and-body, face-only and body-only).QC 20171127</p