Marriage Equality and a Lawyer\u27s Role in the Emergence of New Rights

The last few decades have seen a dramatic change in the way in which Americans view LGBT rights, and the right to same-sex marriage in particular. In 1972, the Supreme Court issued its first opinion on same-sex marriage. In sharp contrast with Obergefell v. Hodges, which established the constitutional right to marriage equality in 2015, the case of Baker v. Nelson held in one sentence that the idea that such a right might exist was not even worth discussing. What happened in the intervening forty years to change the outcome so profoundly? And how can attorneys seek to replicate that success in developing other, hitherto-unrecognized rights for their clients? This Article posits a practical, conceptual model by which a lawyer may develop “new” institutionally recognized rights on behalf of a client, using Obergefell as a roadmap. Most advocacy by lawyers in traditional law firm settings remains one-dimensional, focusing solely on jurisprudential progress and outcomes rather than wholistic, multidisciplinary advocacy. But the development of rights seldom happens solely as a consequence of changes in judicial philosophy. As such, this Article first discusses rights as occurring in three stages and then suggests a framework of five “movers” that a lawyer may deliberately employ to move rights through those stages, both in and out of the courtroom, using the lessons learned from Obergefell

The religion of the Yorubas especially in relation to the religion of ancient Egypt: Being in account of the religious beliefs and practices of Yoruba peoples of Southern Nigeria, especially in relation to the religion of Ancient Egypt

Not availabl

Animal Source Foods and Adolescent Nutrition

Due to a variety of production, processing, or preservation limitations, or because of household economic, cultural or religious factors, many children, especially those in developing countries, do not consume an adequate amount of animal source foods (ASF). While little to no animal products are consumed in many developing countries, they are nonetheless essential to a healthy diet, especially for a growing child. The majority of low income households in developing countries base their diets on cereal grains or starchy tubers. These typical diets pose many threats to the nutritional health of children. Grains and starches lack many essential micronutrients, and the starchy foods often result in poor absorption of these essential micronutrients. Animal source foods, however, are particularly high in iron, zinc, vitamin Bl2, riboflavin, calcium, and vitamin A (Ruel, 2003). While meat and muscle products, specifically, offer high amounts of heme iron, zinc, riboflavin, vitamin Bl2, niacin, and vitamin B6, it has relatively low amounts of vitamin A and folate. Milk, on the other hand, is significantly high in vitamin A, calcium, phosphorous, vitamin Bl2, riboflavin, and folate, but is low in zinc and iron (Grillenberger et al., 2003). It is also recognized that ASF offers a complete set of the amino acids essential to the human diet, in addition to a high bioavailability of the aforementioned micronutrients (Harris and Neumann, 1999)

Metabolic dysfunction following weight cycling in male mice

Background: Combatting over-weight or obesity can lead to large fluctuations in an individual‟s body weight, often referred to as weight cycling or “yo-yo” dieting. Current evidence regarding the potentially damaging effects of these changes is conflicting. Methods: Here, we assess the metabolic effects of weight cycling in a murine model, comprising three dietary switches to normal or high fat diets at 6 week intervals; male C57BL/6 mice were fed either a control (C) or high fat (F) diet for 6 weeks (n=140/group). C and F groups were then either maintained on their initial diet (CC and FF respectively) or switched to a high fat (CF) or control (FC) diet (n=35/group). For the final 6 week interval, CC and CF groups were returned to the control diet (CCC and CFC groups) while FC and FF groups were placed on a high fat diet (FCF and FFF) (n=28/group). Results: For the majority of metabolic outcomes changes aligned with dietary switches; however assessment of neuropeptides and receptors involved in appetite regulation and reward signalling pathways reveal variable patterns of expression. Furthermore, we demonstrate that multiple cycling events leads to a significant increase in internal fat deposition, even when compared to animals maintained on a high fat diet (Internal Fat: FCF: 7.4 ± 0.2g vs. FFF: 5.6 ± 0.2g; p<0.01). Conclusions: Increased internal adipose tissue is strongly linked to the development of metabolic syndrome associated conditions such as type 2 diabetes, cardiovascular disease and hypertension. While further work will be required to elucidate the mechanisms underlying the neuronal control of energy homeostasis, these studies provide a causative link between weight cycling and adverse health

Peran Pemerintah Desa Terhadap Pengembangan Badan Usaha Milik Desa Monano Kecamatan Karamat Kabupaten Buol

This study aimed to discover the Role of the Village Government in the Development of Village-Owned Enterprises (BUMDes) in Monano Village, Karamat Sub District, Buol Regency, Central Sulawesi Province. This study used a quantitative approach with a descriptive quantitative method, a correlational design, and a sample of 30 people. Meanwhile, the data were collected through observations, questionnaires, interviews, and documentation and the analyzed using Multiple Linier Regression analysis. In accordance with the finding, it is concluded that the Village Government has played a role in developing Village-Owned Enterprises (BUMDes) in Monano Village, Karamat Sub District, Buol Regency, Central Sulawesi Province

Prevalence and Clustering of Congenital Heart Defects among Boys With Hypospadias

IMPORTANCE: Hypospadias is a common birth defect of the male urinary tract that may be isolated or may co-occur with other structural malformations, including congenital heart defects (CHDs). The risk for co-occurring CHDs among boys with hypospadias remains unknown, which limits screening and genetic testing strategies. OBJECTIVE: to characterize the risk of major CHDs among boys born with hypospadias. DESIGN, SETTING, AND PARTICIPANTS: This retrospective cohort study used data from population-based birth defect surveillance programs on all male infants born in 11 US states from January 1, 1995, to December 31, 2014. Statistical analysis was performed from September 2, 2020, to March 25, 2022. EXPOSURE: Hypospadias. MAIN OUTCOMES AND MEASURES: Demographic and diagnostic data were obtained from 2 active state-based birth defect surveillance programs for primary analyses, the Texas Birth Defects Registry and the Arkansas Reproductive Health Monitoring System, with validation among 9 additional states in the National Birth Defects Prevention Network (NBDPN). Birth defect diagnoses were identified using the British Pediatric Association coding for hypospadias (exposure) and major CHDs (primary outcomes). Maternal covariates and birth year were also abstracted from the vital records. Poisson regression was used to estimate adjusted prevalence ratios and 95% CIs for major CHDs within Texas and Arkansas and combined using inverse variance-weighted meta-analysis. Findings were validated using the NBDPN. RESULTS: Among 3.7 million pregnancies in Texas and Arkansas, 1485 boys had hypospadias and a co-occurring CHD. Boys with hypospadias were 5.8 times (95% CI, 5.5-6.1) more likely to have a co-occurring CHD compared with boys without hypospadias. Associations were observed for every specific CHD analyzed among boys with hypospadias, occurred outside of chromosomal anomalies, and were validated in the NBDPN. An estimated 7.024% (95% CI, 7.020%-7.028%) of boys with hypospadias in Texas and 5.503% (95% CI, 5.495%-5.511%) of boys with hypospadias in Arkansas have a co-occurring CHD. In addition, hypospadias severity and maternal race and ethnicity were independently associated with the likelihood for hypospadias to co-occur with a CHD; boys in Texas with third-degree (ie, more severe) hypospadias were 2.7 times (95% CI, 2.2-3.4) more likely than boys with first-degree hypospadias to have a co-occurring CHD, with consistent estimates in Arkansas (odds ratio, 2.7; 95% CI, 1.4-5.3), and boys with hypospadias born to Hispanic mothers in Texas were 1.5 times (95% CI, 1.3-1.8) more likely to have a co-occurring CHD than boys with hypospadias born to non-Hispanic White mothers. CONCLUSIONS AND RELEVANCE: In this cohort study, boys with hypospadias had a higher prevalence of CHDs than boys without hypospadias. These findings support the need for consideration of additional CHD screening programs for boys born with hypospadias

LAYING OF THE CORNER STONE OF THE NEW BUILDING, SEPTEMBER 21ST, 1920

"A transcript of a stone laying ceremony for the new building of the Ontario College of Art (OCAD). Speeches were made by G. A. Howell, J. P. Murray, Sir Edmund Walker, Rev. Canon Cody, Sir Robert Falconer, and the OCA Chairman and discuss the evolution of the school, important school figures, the role of art, and arts education.