Strategic situation, design and simulation of a biorefinery in Andalusia

In a lignocellulosic feedstock based biorefinery, biomass can be transformed in several products, with different chemical and/or agro-industrial applications, and energy (biofuels). The use of biomass waste is strongly advocated under European Union (EU) legislation in order to help achieve the climate and energy targets of the EU for 2020 and beyond. In this context, this study was focussed on the design and simulation of a biorefinery to mainly obtain ethanol and DME. These biofuels were obtained from waste forestry and agricultural waste biomass collected near the area where the biorefinery plant was proposed to be installed, to minimize the transportation costs and to promote the valorization of the biomass waste generated in this region. Moreover, the industrial applications of the possible obtained by-products were evaluated to minimize the environmental impacts and to make the biorefinery more sustainable. The central area of Andalusia was selected as the most adequate area to develop the installation of the biorefinery plant. Two commercial simulation software, such as Aspen HYSYS® and UniSim®, were used to design and size the equipments and to simulate both production lines. One of the most important achievements of this biorefinery is the possibility of obtaining 42,700 T y-1 of ethanol with a purity of 96%, which supposes a 16.5% of the Spanish national production in 2016, and 137,850 T y-1 of DME, with a purity of 99.99%. from these biomass waste Both compounds can be used as alternative fuels or energy sources. A techno-economic analysis was performed, obtaining a minimum selling price of 0.58 $/L for bioethanol, 1.15$/kg for DME and 0.65 $/kg for HMF and LA, respectively. These prices are comparable to those found in the literature. Furthermore, the implementation of the biorefinery in this strategic area promotes its economic and social development, improving the use of the natural resources to obtain competitive products to fossil fuels.Universidad de Málaga. Campus de Excelencia Internacional Andalucía Tech. This work was supported by the Spanish MINECO under CTQ2015-68654-R project. MCGM gratefully acknowledges the assistance of Spanish Ministry of Economy and Competitiveness through a “Juan de la Cierva – Formación” fellowship (FJCI-2015-25788)

El discurso económico de la inversión y el ahorro en Colombia, análisis y perspectivas

Tanto el ahorro como la inversión son señaladas como las fuentes de riqueza más importantes para los países que pretenden forjar economías fuertes basadas más que en el comercio o el mercado, en las posibilidades industriales que dicha relación puede arrojar para un crecimiento económicosostenido. No obstante, algunas evidencias empíricas y reales rompen dicha relación, poniendo incluso en duda la complementariedad de dichas variables frente al ascenso económico de las naciones. Por ende, el interés en este artículo radica en promover inquietudes constructivas en cuanto almanejo del discurso ambivalente que en ocasiones es utilizado para señalar la incidencia de estas variables sobre los países, ya que en medio de la movilidad de capitales y la destinación que estos toman existen otras fuentes de inversión que han desplazado al ahorro. Más aún, en sí mismo, el ahorro se presenta como una forma de inversión real y no monetaria: fuente parala consecución o formación de inversión Precisamente, a fin de construir elementos necesarios para la revisión de estos comentarios, será analizado el comportamiento de la inversión y el ahorro en Colombia y en Medellín, tomadoalgunas de sus consideraciones de la investigación sobre los Determinantes de la Inversión en la Industria Manufacturera de MedellínAhorro, Inversión, Efecto Expulsión, Brechas Económicas y PolíticasEconómicas, Formación Bruta de Capital, Renovación

High Pressure optical nanothermometer based on Er3+ photoluminescence

The optical properties of a sparsely investigated material, LaGdO3 doped with Er3+, are explored regarding its suitability as nanothermometer. Besides its excellent capabilities for dielectric applications, when doping with Er3+, this material provides a highly efficient upconversion photoluminescence (PL) for high temperature thermometry at high pressure due to its structural stability. LaGdO3 belongs to the perovskite-type ABO3 compounds with a B-type monoclinic C2/m space group (a = 14.43 Å; b = 3.69 Å; c = 9.00 Å; and ? = 100.70º) at ambient conditions. It undergoes a structural phase transition to a hexagonal ?3#?1 phase at 3GPa yielding a notable PL enhancement, thus enabling it as a potential high-pressure hightemperature nanothermometer.We acknowledge financial support from MAT2015-69508-P (MINECO/FEDER), MAT2015-71070-REDC; PGC2018-101464-B-I00 (MICIN/FEDER), IDIVAL 18/28, the European Research Council FET-OPEN NCLas H2020 Project (EU829161), and BSH Electrodomésticos España, S.A

Diagnóstico de la conciencia fonológica en estudiantes del ciclo II de dos escuelas públicas de San Juan de Lurigancho

El objetivo de esta investigación fue determinar las diferencias que existen del diagnóstico de la conciencia fonológica en estudiantes del ciclo II de dos escuelas públicas de San Juan de Lurigancho. De enfoque cuantitativo, de tipo básica de diseño no experimental de alcance descriptivo comparativo, con una muestra de investigación de 54 estudiantes de cinco años de dos escuelas públicas del nivel inicial la primera de la zona de cooperativa sagrada familia de Juan pablo II (grupo uno) y la segunda de la zona de Huáscar Upis (Grupo dos). Se utilizo el instrumento de investigación denominado prueba de evaluacion de conciencia fonológica PECFO. Con un nivel de confiabilidad de (KR 20=0,940). En los resultados arrojados se observó que en el grupo uno; muestra un rango promedio de 39,33 y en grupo dos: el rango promedio es de 15,67. En la prueba de hipótesis se observó un valor de U=45,000 y un Sig.=0,000) . Lo cual, determina que si existen diferencias significativas en el diagnóstico de la conciencia fonológica en estudiantes del ciclo II de dos escuelas públicas de San Juan de Lurigancho

Aprendizaje autorregulado, creencias de autoeficacia y desempeño en la segunda infancia

Este artículo analiza relaciones entre el aprendizaje autorregulado, las creencias de autoeficacia y el desempeño en tareas de resolución de problemas aritméticos. El estudio se ha llevado a cabo con 268 escolares de seis años de edad y matriculados en el primer año de educación primaria en España. Los resultados obtenidos mediante modelos de regresión logística binaria indican que el aprendizaje autorregulado y su interacción con las creencias de autoeficacia predicen el desempeño. Por último, la aplicación de un análisis Cluster muestra cuatro perfiles de escolares, denominados: i) ajustado positivo; ii) desajustado negativo I; iii) desajustado negativo II y; iv) ajustado negativo

Actions to be taken for improving functional prognosis in dementia

The growing incidence of dementia has led to an increased need for specialized care and higher health and social costs. Functional decline is the main cause of dementia complications. Per definition, dementia diagnosis and severity stratification require a certain degree of functional impairment [1]. Therefore, it is important to determine strategies to prevent functional deterioration in both, general population and especially people with dementia. The number of older adults with some degree of disability will triple by 2050 due to the increase in the aging population and the prevalence of age-related diseases that lead to functional impairment [2]. Therefore, functional impairment and disability in old people are increasingly becoming a major public health concern. Furthermore, functional impairment severely impairs quality of life and consumes a large proportion of the public health resources, creating an important burden for health care systems. It is well known that functional loss and disability in dementia are the main consequences of cognitive decline. Therefore, most of the efforts in dementia management have been directed to stop or reverse cognitive decline. However, functional loss and disability are also the consequence of other conditions that are common in old age and comorbid with dementia, such as frailty, sarcopenia, malnutrition, falls, pulmonary or cardiovascular diseases, polypharmacy, depression, and neuropsychiatric symptoms (NPS) [3].Q3Q2The growing incidence of dementia has led to an increased need for specialized care and higher health and social costs. Functional decline is the main cause of dementia complications. Per definition, dementia diagnosis and severity stratification require a certain degree of functional impairment [1]. Therefore, it is important to determine strategies to prevent functional deterioration in both, general population and especially people with dementia. The number of older adults with some degree of disability will triple by 2050 due to the increase in the aging population and the prevalence of age-related diseases that lead to functional impairment [2]. Therefore, functional impairment and disability in old people are increasingly becoming a major public health concern. Furthermore, functional impairment severely impairs quality of life and consumes a large proportion of the public health resources, creating an important burden for health care systems. It is well known that functional loss and disability in dementia are the main consequences of cognitive decline. Therefore, most of the efforts in dementia management have been directed to stop or reverse cognitive decline. However, functional loss and disability are also the consequence of other conditions that are common in old age and comorbid with dementia, such as frailty, sarcopenia, malnutrition, falls, pulmonary or cardiovascular diseases, polypharmacy, depression, and neuropsychiatric symptoms (NPS) [3].https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5680-7880https://scholar.google.com/citations?view_op=search_authors&mauthors=carlos+alberto+cano-gutierrez&hl=es&oi=aohttps://scienti.minciencias.gov.co/cvlac/visualizador/generarCurriculoCv.do?cod_rh=0000054895&lang=esRevista Nacional - Indexad

Aspects of higher-curvature gravities with covariant derivatives

We study various aspects of higher-curvature theories of gravity built from contractions of the metric, the Riemann tensor and the covariant derivative, $\mathcal{L}(g^{ab},R_{abcd},\nabla_a)$. We characterise the linearized spectrum of these theories and compute the modified Newton potential in the general case. Then, we present the first examples of Generalized Quasi-topological (GQT) gravities involving covariant derivatives of the Riemann tensor. We argue that they always have second-order equations on maximally symmetric backgrounds. Focusing on four spacetime dimensions, we find new densities of that type involving eight and ten derivatives of the metric. In the latter case, we find new modifications of the Schwarzschild black hole. These display thermodynamic properties which depart from the ones of polynomial GQT black holes. In particular, the relation between the temperature and the mass of small black holes, $T\sim M^{1/3}$, which universally holds for general polynomial GQT modifications of Einstein gravity, gets modified in the presence of the new density with covariant derivatives to $T\sim M^{3}$. Finally, we consider brane-world gravities induced by Einstein gravity in the AdS bulk. We show that the effective quadratic action for the brane-world theory involving arbitrary high-order terms in the action can be written explicitly in a closed form in terms of Bessel functions. We use this result to compute the propagator of metric perturbations on the brane and its pole structure in various dimensions, always finding infinite towers of ghost modes, as well as tachyons and more exotic modes in some cases.Comment: 44 pages, 2 figures; v2: typos fixed, references adde