¿Hacia dónde va la calidad de las revistas especializadas en drogodependencias?

La documentacion cientifica en drogodependencias ha experimentado en los últimos anos un importante desarrollo como corresponde a un area de trabajo en constante cambio y expansion. La mejora de la calidad de las revistas especializadas en materia de adicciones es un reto a conseguir por parte de autores, revisores y editores desde las diferentes vertientes que conforman el proceso editorial. Desde hace mas de una decada un grupo de trabajo formado por editores de revistas especializadas en el uso de sustancias psicoactivas denominado, ahora, ISAJE (Sociedad Internacional de Editores de Revistas Especializadas) trabaja por la mejora de la calidad del proceso editorial de estas publicaciones. Los resultados de este trabajo revierten en un encuentro anual entre los miembros de dicho grupo en el que intercambian informacion y establecen acuerdos para el incremento en la mejora de la calidad del proceso editorial.Se presenta una perspectiva general sobre la situacion y debate actual por el que pasa la calidad de las principales revistas de adicciones adheridas al Acuerdo de Farmington (1997) asi como los principales temas tratados por ISAJE (Sociedad Internacional de Editores de Revistas Especializadas en Adicciones) en el último encuentro celebrado en la ciudad de Dresde (Alemania) en septiembre de 2007

IPv6 Network Mobility

Network Authentication, Authorization, and Accounting has been used since before the days of the Internet as we know it today. Authentication asks the question, “Who or what are you?” Authorization asks, “What are you allowed to do?” And fi nally, accounting wants to know, “What did you do?” These fundamental security building blocks are being used in expanded ways today. The fi rst part of this two-part series focused on the overall concepts of AAA, the elements involved in AAA communications, and highlevel approaches to achieving specifi c AAA goals. It was published in IPJ Volume 10, No. 1[0]. This second part of the series discusses the protocols involved, specifi c applications of AAA, and considerations for the future of AAA

Scalable QoS-aware Mobility for Future Mobile Operators

Telecom operators and Internet service providers are heading for a new shift in communications paradigms. The forthcoming convergence of cellular and wireless data networks is often manifested in an “all IP approach” in which all communications are based on an end-to-end IP protocol framework. The approach to network design becomes user and service-centered, so that continuous reachability of mobile users and sustained communication capabilities are default requirements for a prospective architecture. In this article, we describe a network architecture which is able to provide seamless communication mobility, triggered either by the user or by the network, across multiple technologies. The architecture allows for media independent handovers and supports optimized mobility and resource management functions. The main focus of the article is on major technical highlights of mobility and quality-of-service (QoS) management subsystems for converged networks.Publicad

P2P Based Architecture for Global Home Agent Dynamic Discovery in IP Mobility

Mobility in packet networks has become a critical issue in the last years. Mobile IP and the Network Mobility Basic Support Protocol are the IETF proposals to provide mobility. However, both of them introduce performance limitations, due to the presence of an entity (Home Agent) in the communication path. Those problems have been tried to be solved in different ways. A family of solutions has been proposed in order to mitigate those problems by allowing mobile devices to use several geographically distributed Home Agents (thus making shorter the communication path). These techniques require a method to discover a close Home Agent, among those geographically distributed, to the mobile device. This paper proposes a peer-topeer based solution, called Peer-to-Peer Home Agent Network, in order to discover a close Home Agent. The proposed solution is simple, fully global, dynamic and it can be developed in IPv4 and IPv6.No publicad

Practical Evaluation of a Network Mobility Solution

IFIP International Workshop on Networked Applications, Colmenarejo, Madrid/Spain, 6–8 July, 2005As the demand of ubiquitous Internet access and the current trend of all-IP communications keep growing, the necessity of a protocol that provides mobility management increases. The IETF has specified protocols to provide mobility support to individual nodes and networks. The Network Mobility (NEMO) Basic Support protocol is designed for providing mobility at IP level to complete networks, allowing a Mobile Network to change its point of attachment to the Internet, while maintaining ongoing sessions of the nodes of the network. All the mobility management is done by the mobile router whilst the nodes of the network are not even aware of the mobility. The main aim of this article is evaluating the performance of the NEMO Basic Support protocol by using our implementation. We also discuss the design of an implementation of the NEMO Basic Support protocol.Publicad

Reflections on the Processes of Justice and Social Particpation from the Perspective of Family

In order to make general reflections on two important concepts in the definition of the characteristics of Cuban society, justice and social participation, placing them in the context of the daily reproduction of family groups, it is appropriate to address the philosophical aspect of both processes as well as the current socioeconomic context of Cuban society. On the philosophical plane, both processes may be perceived in a dialectical relationship which is representative of the most diverse relationships and social contradictions. Social justice as an accomplishment of contemporary civil society provides a propitious setting for the development of the most effective forms of social participation. In the same manner, as the forms of social participation become more effective--entailing direct action by the masses in the solution of their problems-we would be on the road to a more complete system of social justice

Raman Spectroscopy and DFT calculations for the Electronic Structure Characterization of Conjugated Polymers

Flash presentationIn the last three decades, there has been a broad academic and industrial interest in conjugated polymers as semiconducting materials for organic electronics. Their applications in polymer light-emitting diodes (PLEDs), polymer solar cells (PSCs), and organic field-effect transistors (OFETs) offer opportunities for the resolution of energy issues as well as the development of display and information technologies1. Conjugated polymers provide several advantages including low cost, light weight, good flexibility, as well as solubility which make them readily processed and easily printed, removing the conventional photolithography for patterning2. A large library of polymer semiconductors have been synthesized and investigated with different building blocks, such as acenes or thiophene and derivatives, which have been employed to design new materials according to individual demands for specific applications. To design ideal conjugated polymers for specific applications, some general principles should be taken into account, including (i) side chains (ii) molecular weights, (iii) band gap and HOMO and LUMO energy levels, and (iv) suited morphology.3-6 The aim of this study is to elucidate the impact that substitution exerts on the molecular and electronic structure of π-conjugated polymers with outstanding performances in organic electronic devices. Different configurations of the π-conjugated backbones are analyzed: (i) donor-acceptor configuration, (ii) 1D lineal or 2D branched conjugated backbones, and (iii) encapsulated polymers (see Figure 1). Our combined vibrational spectroscopy and DFT study shows that small changes in the substitution pattern and in the molecular configuration have a strong impact on the electronic characteristics of these polymers. We hope this study can advance useful structure-property relationships of conjugated polymers and guide the design of new materials for organic electronic applications.Universidad de Málaga. Campus de Excelencia Internacional Andalucía Tech

Indicadores y sistemas de cuentas ambientales y económicas integrados. Grado de instrumentación: el estado actual

Los sistemas de cuentas nacionales e indicadores estándares no miden adecuadamente la calidad ambiental y el bienestar de la población. A finales de los años ochenta del pasado siglo se iniciaron reformas e iniciativas destinadas a su mejora: extensión del marco central del Sistema de Cuentas Nacionales (Naciones Unidas 1993), integración de la economía y el medio ambiente a través de un sistema de cuentas conocido como el Sistema de Contabilidad Ambiental y Económica Integrada (SCAEI) (Naciones Unidas-2003) y generación de indicadores estructurales. Cómo han evolucionado sendos aspectos y la relación entre ellos, cuál es el alcance de los cambios realizados y su aplicación en los países, es el propósito de este artícul

Conjugated Polymers for Organic Electronics: Structural and Electronic Characteristics

The use of organic materials to design electronic devices has actually presented a broad interest for because they constitute an ecological and suitable resource for our current "electronic world". These materials provide several advantages (low cost, light weight, good flexibility and solubility to be easily printed) that cannot be afforded with silicium. They can also potentially interact with biological systems, something impossible with inorganic devices. Between these materials we can include small molecules, polymers, fullerenes, nanotubes, graphene, other carbon-based molecular structures and hybrid materials. Actually these materials are being used to build electronic structures into electronic devices, like organic light-emitting diodes (OLEDs), organic solar cells (OSCs), and organic field-effect transistors (OFETs), constituting and already commercial reality. Some of them are used on a widespread basis1, and are the focus of some recent researches in molecules2,3 and polymers4-6 suitable for these purposes. In this study we analyze the electronic and molecular characteristics of some different π-conjugated structures in order to evaluate their potential as semiconducting materials for organic electronics. For this purpose we focus on the study of conjugated polymers with different backbones configurations: (i) donor-acceptor configuration, (ii) 1D lineal or 2D branched conjugated backbones, and (iii) encapsulated polymers. To achieve this goal, we use a combined experimental and theoretical approach that includes electronic spectroscopies (i.e., absorption, emission and microsecond transient absorption), vibrational Raman spectroscopy and DFT calculations. These structural modifications are found to provoke a strong impact on the HOMO and LUMO levels and the molecular morphology, and, consequently, on their suitability as semiconductors in organic electronic applications.References 1. S. R. Forrest, M. E. Thompson. Chem. Rev., 2007, 107, 923 2. R. C. González-Cano, G. Saini, J. Jacob, J. T. López Navarrete, J. Casado and M. C. Ruiz Delgado. Chem. Eur. J. 2013, 19, 17165 3. J. L. Zafra, R. C. González-Cano, M. C. Ruiz Delgado, Z. Sun, Y. Li, J. T. López Navarrete, J. Wu and J. Casado. J. Chem. Phys. , 2014, 140, 054706 4. M. Goll, A. Ruff, E. Muks, F. Goerigk, B. Omiecienski, I. Ruff, R. C. González-Cano, J. T. López Navarrete, M. C. Ruiz Delgado, S. Ludwigs. Beilstein J. Org. Chem., 2015, 11, 335. 5. D. Herrero-Carvajal, A. de la Peña, R. C. González-Cano, C. Seoane, J. T. López Navarrete, J. L. Segura, J. Casado, M. C. Ruiz Delgado, J. Phys. Chem. C, 2014, 118, 9899. 6. M. Scheuble, Y. M. Gross, D. Trefz, M. Brinkmann, J. T. López Navarrete, M. C. Ruiz Delgado, and S. Ludwigs, Macromolecules, 2015, 48, 7049.Universidad de Málaga. Campus de Excelencia Internacional Andalucía Tech

Indicadores y Sistemas de Cuentas Ambientales y Económicos Integrados. Grado de Implementación (Estado de la Cuestión)

Existe un amplio consenso sobre las deficiencias de los sistemas de cuentas nacionales e indicadores estándares para cuantificar, al menos, la escala de la actividad humana y sus efectos sobre el medio físico; así como, de sus enormes limitaciones en cuanto a su capacidad para informar del bienestar de la población. Desde finales de los años ochenta del pasado siglo, por encargo de distintos organismos internacionales, se pusieron en marcha un conjunto de reformas e iniciativas destinadas a mejorar ambos aspectos. Esto permitió esbozar las primeras recomendaciones para extender el Marco Central del Sistema de Cuentas Nacionales (SCN 1993) hacia el medio ambiente, a través de cuentas satélites. Al mismo tiempo, favoreció avanzar metodológicamente en la integración de la economía y el medio ambiente a través de un sistema de cuentas (SEEA-03), que sirven de base, a su vez, para la obtención de indicadores estructurales que permitan una visión más completa. El propósito de esta comunicación es hacer una revisión de cuál ha sido evolución de unas y otros hasta hoy. Cómo están siendo aplicados a las realidades de los diferentes países (centrándonos especialmente en el caso español). Qué potencialidades y límites presentan los cambios realizados. Cuál ha sido la pauta observada en los sistemas de cuenta y en los indicadores, así como la relación entre ambos