Vulnerabilidad social y comportamiento electoral. Un análisis por secciones electorales

En este artículo se analiza la relación entre el comportamiento electoral y la vulnerabilidad social, a nivel de secciones y distritos electorales desde 1990 a 2009. Los indicadores que utiliza son: competitividad, volatilidad y lealtad electorales, correlacionándolos con la vulnerabilidad social, índice propio construido de ocho variables censales. Encuentra que, al utilizar unidades de desagregación territorial menores a las comunes, es posible apreciar mayor diversidad en el comportamiento electoral, dependiendo del estrato social y lugar que se trate.En este artículo se analiza la relación entre el comportamiento electoral y la vulnerabilidad social, a nivel de secciones y distritos electorales desde 1990 a 2009. Los indicadores que utiliza son: competitividad, volatilidad y lealtad electorales, correlacionándolos con la vulnerabilidad social, índice propio construido de ocho variables censales. Encuentra que, al utilizar unidades de desagregación territorial menores a las comunes, es posible apreciar mayor diversidad en el comportamiento electoral, dependiendo del estrato social y lugar que se trate

Why choose an english career path?: type of motivation of three freshmen students of an english teaching program at a chilean private university

Tesis (Profesor de Inglés para la Enseñanza Básica y Media y al grado académico de Licenciado en Educación)As English has been the language used to communicate worldwide and has had an impact on the educational system and the working life, the aim of this study is to discover how elements such as type of school and agents influence students’ motivation to enter an English teaching program. This study has a qualitative approach and its research design is life stories. This research focused on freshmen students’ thoughts and experiences, which were collected through semi-structured interviews containing questions that address the participants’ past, present, and future experiences. Freshmen students were chosen for this research since they could provide us with the opportunity to comprehend the elements that influenced their decisions to choose the program. Finally, the data were analyzed by the four researchers individually and the product was discussed collectively so that the study was reliable enough. The results showed that the most predominant types of motivations were intrinsic and altruistic. Furthermore, it was discovered that the type of school they attended influenced the development of these motivations in different degrees.Debido a que el inglés ha sido el idioma predilecto para la comunicación global, éste ha tenido un impacto en el sistema educacional y la vida laboral. El objetivo de este estudio es descubrir cómo elementos como tipo de escuela y agentes, influencian la motivación de estudiantes de primer año para elegir estudiar la carrera de pedagogía en inglés en una universidad privada de Chile. El estudio tiene un enfoque cualitativo, cuya técnica de investigación es historias de vida. El centro de interés es la recolección de pensamientos y experiencias de estos estudiantes a través de entrevistas mixtas que contienen preguntas que apuntan a experiencias de los participantes en el pasado, el presente y el futuro. Elegimos entrevistar a estudiantes cursando el segundo semestre de universidad porque nos provee de la oportunidad de conocer los elementos que influenciaron la decisión de estudiar esta carrera. Finalmente, los resultados fueron analizados por cada uno de los cuatro investigadores por separado para luego discutir los resultados en conjunto, esto con el fin de proporcionar la confiabilidad requerida. Los resultados mostraron que los tipos de motivación predominantes fueron motivación intrínseca y altruista. Además se demostró que el tipo de colegio influenciaba el desarrollo de estas motivaciones en distintos grados

Noción corpórea y abuso infantil : El caso de las menores del Hogar del Niño de la ciudad de Valdivia

El trabajo que a continuación se presenta buscó comprender, describir y categorizar las nociones corpóreas de niñas que han sido vulneradas en sus derechos. Para ello se aplicaron entrevistas individuales semi estructuradas, técnicas iconográficas y registros audiovisuales a seis niñas, residentes del hogar del niño de la ciudad de Valdivia, Chile. Los resultados muestran que existe una fragmentación de la noción corpórea llámese esto Imagen, Esquema y Conciencia Corporal, debido a la no resolución de los conflictos vivenciados por cada una de las niñas, lo que imposibilita un reconocimiento de sí mismas, generando una baja autoestima, falta de identidad y un repliegue constante. Existe una anulación hacia ellas, cayendo en la desvalorización produciéndose procesos flagelantes donde se pierden en una corporeidad ajena y desintegradora, una corporeidad construida desde el abuso que genera despliegues incontrolables, sin ser capaces de volver sobre sí mismas para remediarlos. Finalizamos el trabajo con una breve propuesta de acción desde la Educación Física, basada en el auto conocimiento por parte de las niñas y sugiriendo que todo el apoyo que ellas reciben desde los distintos profesionales debe converger en todas sus dimensiones, lo que les permita definitivamente conseguir mayor autonomía como instrumento de libertad human

Observing Grasping Actions Directed to Emotion-Laden Objects: Effects upon Corticospinal Excitability

The motor system is recruited whenever one executes an action as well as when one observes the same action being executed by others. Although it is well established that emotion modulates the motor system, the effect of observing other individuals acting in an emotional context is particularly elusive. The main aim of this study was to investigate the effect induced by the observation of grasping directed to emotion-laden objects upon corticospinal excitability (CSE). Participants classified video-clips depicting the right-hand of an actor grasping emotion-laden objects. Twenty video-clips differing in terms of valence but balanced in arousal level were selected. Motor evoked potentials (MEPs) were then recorded from the first dorsal interosseous using transcranial magnetic stimulation (TMS) while the participants observed the selected emotional video-clips. During the video-clip presentation, TMS pulses were randomly applied at one of two different time points of grasping: (1) maximum grip aperture, and (2) object contact time. CSE was higher during the observation of grasping directed to unpleasant objects compared to pleasant ones. These results indicate that when someone observes an action of grasping directed to emotion-laden objects, the effect of the object valence promotes a specific modulation over the motor system.Fil: Nogueira Campos, Anaelli A.. Universidade Federal de Juiz de Fora; BrasilFil: Saunier, Ghislain. Universidade Federal do Pará; BrasilFil: Della Maggiore, Valeria Monica. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Oficina de Coordinación Administrativa Houssay. Instituto de Fisiología y Biofísica Bernardo Houssay. Universidad de Buenos Aires. Facultad de Medicina. Instituto de Fisiología y Biofísica Bernardo Houssay; ArgentinaFil: De Oliveira, Laura A. S.. Centro Universitário Augusto Motta; BrasilFil: Rodrigues, Erika C.. Centro Universitário Augusto Motta; BrasilFil: Vargas, Claudia D.. Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro; Brasi

Factors associated with postharvest ripening heterogeneity of "Hass" avocados (Persea americana Mill)

Indexación: Web of ScienceIntroduction. 'Hass' is the main avocado cultivar commercialized worldwide. The extended flowering period, very low percentage of fruit set and inability to ripen on the tree renders the fruit heterogeneous and unpredictable during postharvest management. The "triggered" and "ready-to-eat" growing markets for 'Hass' avocados are affected by the variable postharvest ripening or ripening heterogeneity which creates severe logistical problems for marketers and inconsistent quality delivery to consumers. Synthesis. The dry matter content, the current avocado harvest index that correlates very well with oil content, has been extensively used to harvest 'Hass' avocados to comply with the minimum standards to guarantee consumer satisfaction. However, previous work and empirical experience demonstrate that dry matter does not correlate on a fruit-to-fruit basis with time to reach edible ripeness. Thus, avocados of very different ages are harvested from individual trees, resulting in heterogeneous postharvest ripening of fruit within a specific batch. Several preharvest factors related to environmental and growing conditions and crop management as well as postharvest technology strategies influence the observed variability of postharvest ripening. Conclusion. Modern approaches based on studying the composition of individual fruits displaying contrasting postharvest ripening behavior, combined with non-destructive phenotyping techniques, seem to offer practical solutions for the fresh supply chain of avocados to sort fruit based on their ripening capacity.http://www.pubhort.org/fruits/2016/5/fruits160045.ht

Efecto de las condiciones de almacenamiento refrigerado sobre el estrés oxidativo en raquis de uva de mesa, cv. Red Globe

Indexación: Web of Science; ScieloTable grape (Vitis vinifera L.) quality includes the condition of both the berries and the rachis. In the present report, physiological parameters of Red Globe rachises from fully elongated inflorescences (RFEI) and from mature clusters were studied after storage at 0 or 20 °C for different durations. To understand changes in rachis physiology as a result of changes in temperature conditions and storage time, the activities of superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT) and ascorbate peroxidase (APX) were measured. In addition, hydrogen peroxide content, membrane lipoperoxidation (TBARS), total phenolic compounds and antioxidant capacity (FRAP) were assayed. TBARS was higher in mature rachises than in RFEI. This parameter remained constant throughout storage, indicating a change presumably associated with ontogeny or senescence processes. Short-term storage (096 h) increased SOD, CAT and APX activities in RFEI, while in mature rachises, no changes were observed in enzyme activities or in hydrogen peroxide content. Longer cold storage (25 or 53 days at 0 °C) of mature rachises reduced CAT activity, but SOD and APX activities did not change under these conditions. At 0 h, the FRAP and total phenolic contents of mature rachises were three and 20 times higher than in immature rachises, respectively.La calidad de uva de mesa (Vitis vinifera L.) involucra tanto la condición de bayas y el raquis. En el presente trabajo, los parámetros fisiológicos de raquis de 'Red Globe' de inflorescencias completamente elongadas (RFEI) y de racimos maduros fueron estudiados después de almacenamientos por diferentes tiempos a 0 ó 20 °C. Para entender los cambios en la fisiología del raquis debido a variaciones de temperatura y condiciones de almacenamiento, se midieron las actividades de superoxido dismutasa (SOD), catalasa (CAT), ascorbato peroxidasa (APX). Además fueron analizados el contenido de peróxido de hidrógeno, lipoperoxidación de membranas (TBARS), compuestos fenólicos totales y capacidad antioxidante (FRAP). TBARS de los raquis maduros a la cosecha fue mayor que el de inflorescencias completamente elongadas (RFEI). Este parámetro permaneció constante a través del almacenamiento, indicando cambios presuntamente asociados a ontogenia o procesos de senescencia. Almacenamiento cortos (0-96h) incrementaron la actividad de SOD, CAT y APX en RFEI, sin embargo no se observaron cambios en la actividad de estas enzimas o contenido de peróxido de hidrogeno en raquis maduros. Almacenamiento refrigerado prolongado (25 ó 30 días 0 °C) de raquis maduros redujo la actividad de CAT, pero SOD y APX no mostraron cambios bajo estas condiciones. A 0 h el contenido de FRAP y fenólicos totales de raquis maduros fueron tres y 20 veces mayores que en raquis inmaduro respectivamente.http://ref.scielo.org/m3mg4

Study on differential expression of 1-aminocyclopropane-1-carboxylic acid oxidase genes in table grape cv. Thompson Seedless

As a consequence of the non-climacteric status of grapes (Vitis vinifera), ethylene biosynthesis and signal transduction have scarcely been studied in this fruit. In spite this drawback, the available information suggests a role for ethylene in ripening grape berries. In this work, we report the identification of three homologous genes that encode 1-aminocyclopropane-1-carboxylic acid oxidase (ACO), a key component of ethylene biosynthesis. A comparison of protein sequences revealed that all three VvACOs harbor a 2OG-Fe(II) oxygenase domain, which is typical of the ACO gene family; however, VvACO1 showed a higher amino acid sequence homology with VvACO2 than with VvACO3. The expression pattern of VvACOs and the effect of exogenous ethylene on their transcript accumulation were evaluated during table grape berry development in the “Thompson Seedless” cultivar. A peak in VvACO1 transcript accumulation levels was registered around veraison that was 4-fold higher than at harvest, and this peak was confirmed during a second season in grapes that were harvested from three different vineyards. An enhancement in ethylene production and VvACO genes transcript levels was observed in grapes sprayed with ethephon during berry development. However, VvACO1 transcripts reached the highest accumulation earlier than VvACO2 and VvACO3. Altogether, these data confirmed that ethylene may have a role in some aspects of the grape ripening process, and they also highlighted the potential use of some VvACO genes as molecular markers for identifying grape veraison stages in grapes

Nivel de conocimiento y aplicación de medidas de Bioseguridad en Centro Quirúrgico del Hospital de Chota Cajamarca 2023

El estudio sobre el nivel de conocimiento y la aplicación de las medidas de bioseguridad en Centro Quirúrgico se llevó a cabo en el Hospital de Chota Cajamarca 2023, institución de salud de categoría II 1, fue un estudio cuantitativo que estuvo direccionado a determinar la relación entre el nivel de conocimiento y el grado de aplicación de las medidas de bioseguridad se ejecutó en 42 trabajadores en quienes se aplicó instrumentos validados a través de los cuales se obtuvo que el 48% de los trabajadores tienen un buen nivel de conocimiento y un 52% tienen un conocimiento regular, respecto a la aplicación de medidas de bioseguridad se obtuvo que un 52% realizan una aplicación inadecuada y un 48% realizan una aplicación adecuada. Los resultados del estudio determinaron que existe relación significativa entre el nivel de conocimiento y la aplicación de medidas de bioseguridad obtenido a partir de pruebas estadísticas en las que X2 = 10 5230, p: 0.005 (p 0.05), por lo tanto, se admite la relación entre el nivel de conocimiento y la aplicación de medidas de bioseguridad.The study on the level of knowledge and the application of biosafety measures in the Surgical Center was carried out at the Hospital de Chota Cajamarca 2023, a category II 1 health institution, it was a quantitative study that was aimed at determining the relationship between the level of knowledge and the degree of application of the biosafety measures was carried out in a sample of 42 workers in whom validated instruments were applied through which it was obtained that 48% of the workers have a good level of knowledge and a 52% have regular knowledge, regarding the application of biosecurity measures, it was obtained that 52% make an inadequate application and 48% make an adequate application. The results of the study determined that there is a significant relationship between the level of knowledge and the application of biosafety measures obtained from statistical tests in which X2 = 10 5230, p: 0.005 (p 0.05), therefore the relationship is admitted. between the level of knowledge and the application of these measuresTesis de segunda especialida

SunPy: Python for Solar Physics. An implementation for local correlation tracking

Python programming language has experienced a great progress and growing use in the scientific community in the last years as well as a direct impact on solar physics. Python is a very mature language and almost any fundamental feature you might want to do is already implemented in a library or module. SunPy is a common effort of, using the advantages of Python, developing tools to be applied for processing and analysis of solar data. In this work we present a particular development, based on Python, for the analysis of proper motions in time series of images through the local correlation tracking algorithm. A graphic user interface allows to select different parameters for the computations, visualization and analysis of flow fields