Caring for the patient in the process of dying at the Intensive Care Unit

The objective of this study is to characterize how nursing care is performed at the ICU to patients with no possibility of cure. Ten nurses were interviewed. The field study was performed at the Intensive Care Unit of a public teaching hospital. For the nurses, there is no uniform pattern of care. Furthermore, according to their reports, it was observed that there is an overestimation of the technical care over the emotional, social and spiritual aspects. It was, however, observed that nurses are strongly with the suffering of the family in view of their loss. Results show that nurses must understand death as a part of the life cycle and review care as the essence of nursing, thus increasing the discussions on the issue in both the academic and daily practice environments.Este estudio busca caracterizar el desarrollo del cuidar/cuidado de Enfermería en UTI al paciente sin posibilidad de cura (PFPC) por enfermeros. Fueron entrevistadas diez enfermeras. La investigación de campo se realizó en una Unidad de Terapia Intensiva de hospital público de enseñanza. Para las enfermeras, no hay una uniformidad de cuidado. Además de eso, se evidenció en los relatos la existencia de una sobrevaloración de los cuidados técnicos en detrimento de aspectos emocionales, sociales y espirituales. Sin embargo, se observó gran preocupación de las enfermeras con el sufrimiento familiar ante la pérdida. Los resultados evidenciaron que los enfermeros/as necesitan entender a la muerte como parte del ciclo vital y repensar el cuidar/cuidado como esencia de la Enfermería, ampliando las discusiones sobre la temática tanto en el ámbito académico como en la práctica diaria.Este estudo buscou caracterizar o desenvolvimento do cuidar/cuidado de Enfermagem numa UTI ao paciente fora de possibilidade de cura (PFPC) por enfermeiros. Foram entrevistadas dez enfermeiras. A pesquisa de campo foi realizada em uma Unidade de Terapia Intensiva de um hospital público de ensino. Para estas enfermeiras, não há uma uniformidade no cuidado. Além disso, evidenciou-se pelos relatos a existência de uma supervalorização dos cuidados técnicos em detrimento dos aspectos emocional, social e espiritual. Contudo, observou-se grande preocupação das enfermeiras com o sofrimento da família diante da perda. Os resultados evidenciam que as(os) enfermeiras(os) necessitam compreender a morte como parte do ciclo vital e repensar o cuidar/cuidado como essência da Enfermagem, ampliando as discussões sobre a temática tanto no âmbito acadêmico quanto na prática diária

Percepção ambiental e estudantes de enfermagem

The inseparability between health and the environment is essential for the better performance of nurses, still seen in training as a peripheral theme. The way the student perceives the environment indicates how it will act in relation to care for the environment and its impacts on the health of the population. The way the professional takes care of this environment depends on the environmental perception that it has of it. This is a descriptive case study with a qualitative approach. Overall objective: Identify the way nursing students perceive the environment. The semi-structured interview for data collection was used. The results indicated that the predominant environmental perception is reductionist, which may impact on its actions and responsibilities on this medium. It is necessary to overcome the reductionist perception, from the nursing graduation, sensitizing students to act responsibly with the environment in which they live and their actions to promote human healthA indissociabilidade entre a saúde e o meio, é essencial para melhor atuação dos enfermeiros, ainda vista na formação como uma temática periférica. A maneira como o aluno percebe o meio ambiente indica como será sua atuação em relação ao cuidado com o meio ambiente e seus impactos na saúde das populações. A forma como o profissional cuida desse meio depende da percepção ambiental que tem do mesmo. Trata se de um estudo de caso, do tipo descritivo com abordagem qualitativa. Objetivo geral: Identificara forma que os alunos de enfermagem percebem o meio ambiente.   Foi utilizada a entrevista semiestruturada para coleta de dados. Os resultados indicaram que a percepção ambiental predominante é reducionista, o que pode impactar em suas atuações e responsabilidades sobre este meio. É necessário ultrapassar a percepção reducionista, desde a graduaçãode enfermagem sensibilizando os alunos para  agirem de forma responsável com o meio em que vivem e suas ações de promoção a saúde humana

Dissertações

Resumos de dissertações defendidas na Universidade Lusófona, na área das ciências da Educação

Congenital malformations in neonates: analysis of morbidity and associated factors

Objective: To evaluate the neonatal morbidity due to congenital malformations in the city of Petrolina-PE, from 2008 to 2013. Methods: A descriptive study with data from the Information System on Live Births (Sinasc). The analyzes were carried out through frequency distribution and measures of central tendency and dispersion. The associations were tested by the Pearson and Kruskal Wallis chi-square tests. Significance was set at 5% and 95% confidence. Results: 436 cases of congenital malformations were recorded in the study period, with 2011 being the highest occurrence year. The mothers of the newborns were young (25.2 years old), single, upper level of education and household. In general multiparous, with single gestation, vaginal delivery and performed up to six prenatal visits. The newborns were males, at 39 weeks or more of gestation and with normal weight (> = 2500g). The malformations of the musculoskeletal system were the most frequent followed by the genitourinary system. Congenital malformations were especially associated with neonatal characteristics such as gender and weight. In all causes the mean weight was greater than 2500g (p <0.05). The causes of malformation of greater occurrence in both sexes were osteomuscular (p <0.05). The aspects of the mother did not present significant differences in the present study (p> 0.05). Conclusion: The present study evidenced relevant aspects in the occurrence of morbidities due to congenital malformations, directing to a greater attention the occurrence of these diseases especially in relation to the newborn

Pervasive gaps in Amazonian ecological research

Biodiversity loss is one of the main challenges of our time,1,2 and attempts to address it require a clear un derstanding of how ecological communities respond to environmental change across time and space.3,4 While the increasing availability of global databases on ecological communities has advanced our knowledge of biodiversity sensitivity to environmental changes,5–7 vast areas of the tropics remain understudied.8–11 In the American tropics, Amazonia stands out as the world’s most diverse rainforest and the primary source of Neotropical biodiversity,12 but it remains among the least known forests in America and is often underrepre sented in biodiversity databases.13–15 To worsen this situation, human-induced modifications16,17 may elim inate pieces of the Amazon’s biodiversity puzzle before we can use them to understand how ecological com munities are responding. To increase generalization and applicability of biodiversity knowledge,18,19 it is thus crucial to reduce biases in ecological research, particularly in regions projected to face the most pronounced environmental changes. We integrate ecological community metadata of 7,694 sampling sites for multiple or ganism groups in a machine learning model framework to map the research probability across the Brazilian Amazonia, while identifying the region’s vulnerability to environmental change. 15%–18% of the most ne glected areas in ecological research are expected to experience severe climate or land use changes by 2050. This means that unless we take immediate action, we will not be able to establish their current status, much less monitor how it is changing and what is being lostinfo:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersio

Pervasive gaps in Amazonian ecological research

Biodiversity loss is one of the main challenges of our time,1,2 and attempts to address it require a clear understanding of how ecological communities respond to environmental change across time and space.3,4 While the increasing availability of global databases on ecological communities has advanced our knowledge of biodiversity sensitivity to environmental changes,5,6,7 vast areas of the tropics remain understudied.8,9,10,11 In the American tropics, Amazonia stands out as the world's most diverse rainforest and the primary source of Neotropical biodiversity,12 but it remains among the least known forests in America and is often underrepresented in biodiversity databases.13,14,15 To worsen this situation, human-induced modifications16,17 may eliminate pieces of the Amazon's biodiversity puzzle before we can use them to understand how ecological communities are responding. To increase generalization and applicability of biodiversity knowledge,18,19 it is thus crucial to reduce biases in ecological research, particularly in regions projected to face the most pronounced environmental changes. We integrate ecological community metadata of 7,694 sampling sites for multiple organism groups in a machine learning model framework to map the research probability across the Brazilian Amazonia, while identifying the region's vulnerability to environmental change. 15%–18% of the most neglected areas in ecological research are expected to experience severe climate or land use changes by 2050. This means that unless we take immediate action, we will not be able to establish their current status, much less monitor how it is changing and what is being lost

Pervasive gaps in Amazonian ecological research

Biodiversity loss is one of the main challenges of our time,1,2 and attempts to address it require a clear understanding of how ecological communities respond to environmental change across time and space.3,4 While the increasing availability of global databases on ecological communities has advanced our knowledge of biodiversity sensitivity to environmental changes,5,6,7 vast areas of the tropics remain understudied.8,9,10,11 In the American tropics, Amazonia stands out as the world's most diverse rainforest and the primary source of Neotropical biodiversity,12 but it remains among the least known forests in America and is often underrepresented in biodiversity databases.13,14,15 To worsen this situation, human-induced modifications16,17 may eliminate pieces of the Amazon's biodiversity puzzle before we can use them to understand how ecological communities are responding. To increase generalization and applicability of biodiversity knowledge,18,19 it is thus crucial to reduce biases in ecological research, particularly in regions projected to face the most pronounced environmental changes. We integrate ecological community metadata of 7,694 sampling sites for multiple organism groups in a machine learning model framework to map the research probability across the Brazilian Amazonia, while identifying the region's vulnerability to environmental change. 15%–18% of the most neglected areas in ecological research are expected to experience severe climate or land use changes by 2050. This means that unless we take immediate action, we will not be able to establish their current status, much less monitor how it is changing and what is being lost

Dissertações

Resumos de dissertações defendidas na Universidade Lusófona, na área das ciências da Educação