Television and Advertising in the Generation Y : an empirical study of the advertising effect of TV commercials on the Generation Y

Die vorliegende Bachelorarbeit setzt sich mit dem Thema der klassischen Fersehwerbung in einer bestimmten Zielgruppe – der Generation Y – auseinander. Als Grundlage dafür werden Begriffsdefinitionen und Grundlagen der Werbung im Allgemeinen und im Fernsehen erläutert. Auch wie Werbung bei Rezipienten wirkt, wird anhand verschiedener Ansätze erklärt. Des Weiteren wird die zu betrachtende Zielgruppe definiert und eingegrenzt, bevor es im letzten Teil der Arbeit zu der durch die Verfasserin durchgeführten Studie kommt. Diese soll die Wirksamkeit von TV-Spots in der Generation Y untersuchen und feststellen, welche Merkmale von Werbespots eine besonders hohe Wirkung in dieser Zielgruppe erzielen

Marco conceptual y metodológico para estimar el estado de salud de bofedales en alta montaña

Universidad Nacional Agraria La Molina. Escuela de Posgrado. Maestría en Producción AnimalEn la actualidad los estudios sobre la evaluación del estado de salud del ecosistema de bofedales son limitados, siendo este de gran importancia debido a la cantidad de servicios ecosistemicos que brindan y por ser la principal fuente de alimentación para el ganado en los andes del Perú (Flores et al., 2014). El impacto del cambio climático viene amenazando seriamente la integridad biótica de los bofedales así como también su estructura y funcionamiento. Modelos de simulación indican que si el avance en el retroceso glacial continúa la mitad de la superficie de los bofedales habría desaparecido para el año 2050, afectando seriamente la economía y seguridad alimentaria de las poblaciones locales. La presente investigación tiene como objetivos i) Desarrollar un marco conceptual y metodológico para estimar el estado de salud de bofedales en base a atributos e indicadores de la estructura y función del ecosistema, ii) Diseñar un sistema de calificación de los estados de salud basados en opinión experta y análisis multicriterio y iii) Validar el sistema de calificación utilizando ecosistemas de referencia que se encuentran en diferente estado de conservación. El marco conceptual desarrollado es un esquema para evaluar el estado de salud basado en tres atributos; integridad biótica, función hidrológica y estabilidad del sistema, cada uno con sus respectivos indicadores. Se consideran tres estados de salud; saludable, saludable con problemas de manejo y no saludable y un esquema basado en el valor de los indicadores de vegetación, suelo y agua. El modelo fue validado en campo, y se compararon las diferentes metodologías de Milton et al. (1998), Pyke et al. (2002), Parker, 1954 y la propuesta en este trabajo de investigación para evaluar los estados de salud de los bofedales. Con dicho análisis se concluyó que la metodología de evaluación de los estados de salud adecuada es la propuesta en esta investigación, ya que refleja el estado de la estructura y el nivel en que se encuentran las funciones ecológicas básicas como productividad, ciclo hidrológico, biodiversidad y estabilidad del sistema ecológico.Currently, research on the health status if high Andean wetlands ecosystems are scarce, despite the numerous environmental benefits they provide and being the main source of forage during the dry season for livestock in the Peruvian Andes (Flores et al., 2014). The impact of climate change is seriously threatening the biotic integrity of high Andean wetlands as well as their structure and functioning. Sirnulation models indicate that if the advance in glacial retreat continues, half the surface of the high Andean wetlands would disappear by 2050, seriously affecting the economy and food security of local populations. The objectives of this research project comprise: i) develop conceptual and methodological framework to estímate the health status of high Andean wetlands based on attributes and indicators of the structure and function of the ecosystem; ii) design a scoring system on health status based on expert opinions and multi-criteria analysis; and iii) validate the rating system used by referencing ecosystems in different conservation status. The conceptual framework developed provides a scheme to assess health status based on the following three attributes: biotic integrity, hydrological function and stability of the system, each with their respective indicators. Three health status are also considered: healthy, healthy with management problems and unhealthy and a scheme based on the value of vegetation, soil and water indicators. The model was validated in the field, and the different methodologies of Milton et al. (1998), Pyke et al. (2002), Parker, (1954) and the proposal in this research to evaluate the health status of the high Andean wetlands were compared. Based on this analysis, the conclusion was reached that the assessment methodology to determine health status is the ultimate purpose in this investigation, as it reflects the structure status and level of basic ecological functions such as productivity, hydrological cycle, biodiversity and Stability of the ecological system.Tesi

Ambiente y territorio en el Magdalena Medio. Prácticas y procesos ambientales de la Asociación Campesina del Valle del Río Cimitarra que aportan a la sustentabilidad territorial de la Zona de Reserva Campesina

El arraigo, la defensa de la vida digna y del territorio, son expresiones propias del campesinado asentado en la Zona de Reserva Campesina del Valle del río Cimitarra (ZRC-VRC). Desde su constitución en 2002, la ZRC-VRC se ha configurado como un socio-ecosistema en el que se han desarrollado prácticas y procesos ambientales que han mejorado las condiciones de vida de la población, al tiempo que se han protegido y conservado los biomas presentes en el territorio. Dichas acciones se han enmarcado en lo que se ha denominado para esta tesis “Sustentabilidad territorial”, permitiendo el fortalecimiento del modelo territorial campesino que ha logrado resistir en el territorio en medio de una guerra que ha dejado cientos de impactos a los socio-ecosistemas de los que hace parte y que ha ayudado a construir la Asociación Campesina del Valle del río Cimitarra (ACVC), siendo esta la principal manifestación de la organización campesina en la región del Magdalena Medio y que vincula expresiones organizativas de diferentes escalas. Esta investigación estuvo centrada en el análisis de las prácticas y los procesos ambientales de la ACVC que contribuyen a la conservación dinámica de los socio-ecosistemas en la ZRC-VRC. El análisis se centró en dos procesos ambientales que, con sus prácticas, evidencian un aporte importante a la sustentabilidad territorial de la ZRC: la Línea Amarilla y la investigación comunitaria para la conservación. Entre las contribuciones a la sustentabilidad de estos dos procesos se resalta la protección y conservación de los ecosistemas de la Serranía de San Lucas, así como los humedales y las ciénagas; el fortalecimiento de la cultura campesina, que potencian prácticas ambientales; la protección a especies endémicas y en vía de extinción, así como el manejo integral del territorio en función de una territorialidad campesina que planifica teniendo en cuenta los factores ecosistémicos y culturales del entorno.Abstract: The Rooting, the defense of life with dignity and the territory are typical expressions of the peasantry settled in the Peasant Reserve Zone (PRZ) at the Cimitarra River Valley (PRZCRV). Since its establishment in 2002, the PRZ-CRV has been set as a socio-ecosystem in which environmental practices and processes have been developed that, at the same time, have improved the living conditions of the population, while protecting and conserving the biomes in the territory. These actions have been framed in what has been called for this thesis "Territorial Sustainability", allowing the strengthening of the territorial model of peasants that has managed to resist in the territory in the midst of a war that has left hundreds of impacts on the socio-ecosystems from they belong to and that have helped to build the Peasant Association of the Cimitarra River Valley (PACRV), which is the main manifestation of the peasant organization in the Magdalena Medio region and that links organizational expressions of different scales. This research focused on the analysis of environmental practices and processes of the PACRV that contribute to the dynamic conservation of socio-ecosystems in the PRZ-CRV. The analysis focused on two environmental processes that, with their practices, show an important contribution to the territorial sustainability of the PRZ: the Yellow Line and the community research for conservation. Among the contributions to the sustainability of these two processes, emphasis is placed on the protection and conservation of the ecosystems of the San Lucas mountain range, as well as wetlands and marshes; the strengthening of peasant culture, which promotes environmental practices; the protection of endemic and endangered species, as well as the integral management of the territory in function of a peasant territoriality that plans taking into account the environmental and cultural factors of the environment.Maestrí

Prevalencia de síntomas sugestivos del síndrome del túnel del carpo en trabajadores administrativos y asistenciales en IPS de Cundinamarca (Tocancipá, Sopo, Zipaquirá) en 2013

Este artículo muestra un estudio descriptivo transversal a través del cuestionario Boston respecto de los síntomas sugestivos del Síndrome del Túnel del Carpo (STC) en trabajadores asistenciales y administrativos de una IPS con sede en Cundinamarca.This article shows a cross-sectional study through the Boston questionnaire regarding symptoms suggestive of Carpal Tunnel Syndrome (CTS) in healthcare and administrative staff at IPS based in Cundinamarca

The Influence of Stimulus Deviance on Electrophysiologic and Behavioral Responses to Novel Events

This study investigated the role of stimulus deviance in determining electrophysiologic and behavioral responses to “novelty.” Stimulus deviance was defined in terms of differences either from the immediately preceding context or from long-term experience. Subjects participated in a visual event-related potential (ERP) experiment, in which they controlled the duration of stimulus viewing with a button press, which served as a measure of exploratory behavior. Each of the three experimental conditions included a frequent repetitive background stimulus and infrequent stimuli that deviated from the background stimulus. In one condition, both background and deviant stimuli were simple, easily recognizable geometric figures. In another condition, both background and deviant stimuli were unusual/unfamiliar figures, and in a third condition, the background stimulus was a highly unusual figure, and the deviant stimuli were simple, geometric shapes. Deviant stimuli elicited larger N2-P3 amplitudes and longer viewing durations than the repetitive background stimulus, even when the deviant stimuli were simple, familiar shapes and the background stimulus was a highly unusual figure. Compared to simple, familiar deviant stimuli, unusual deviant stimuli elicited larger N2-P3 amplitudes and longer viewing times. Within subjects, the deviant stimuli that evoked the largest N2-P3 responses also elicited the longest viewing durations. We conclude that deviance from both immediate context and long-term prior experience contribute to the response to novelty, with the combination generating the largest N2-P3 amplitude and the most sustained attention. The amplitude of the N2-P3 may reflect how much “uncertainty” is evoked by a novel visual stimulus and signal the need for further exploration and cognitive processing

Prevalencia de síntomas sugestivos del síndrome del túnel del carpo en trabajadores administrativos y asistenciales en IPS de Cundinamarca (Tocancipá, Sopo, Zipaquirá) en 2013

Este artículo muestra un estudio descriptivo transversal a través del cuestionario Boston respecto de los síntomas sugestivos del Síndrome del Túnel del Carpo (STC) en trabajadores asistenciales y administrativos de una IPS con sede en Cundinamarca.This article shows a cross-sectional study through the Boston questionnaire regarding symptoms suggestive of Carpal Tunnel Syndrome (CTS) in healthcare and administrative staff at IPS based in Cundinamarca

Atendimento psicoeducacional a crianças com problemas de escolarização e TDAH

Anais do 35º Seminário de Extensão Universitária da Região Sul - Área temática: EducaçãoO presente trabalho consiste em um relato de experiência oriundo das intervenções em projeto de extensão, pautado nos pressupostos teóricos da Psicologia Histórico-Cultural sobre queixas escolares relacionadas ao diagnóstico TDAH. A referida abordagem compreende o desenvolvimento humano como um processo histórico que necessita de condições materiais para a apropriação de signos e produções humanas. Dessa perspectiva, as queixas são compreendidas para além do biologicismo, parte-se da zona de desenvolvimento real a qual a criança se encontra, vislumbrando a zona de desenvolvimento proximal, a qual as intervenções são direcionadas visando por meio de atividades mediadas e intencionais promover o desenvolvimento das funções psicológicas superiores. As queixas são recebidas pela Unidade de Psicologia Aplicada (UPA) e encaminhadas para entrevista, em que são selecionados os casos pertinentes aos objetivos do projeto. Neste ano recebemos uma variedade grande de queixas, incluindo diagnósticos de TDAH, dificuldades de alfabetização e desenvolvimento da linguagem oral e escrita. Como objetivos, buscamos trabalhar as questões diferenciais do trabalho com grupo e conhecer as relações que permeiam a construção da queixa escolar. Como fim, buscamos a superação da patologização do não aprender e da medicalização desnecessária, mas recorrente em contexto escolar. Por meio de espaços como este de intervenção, acreditamos ser possível o desenvolvimento de potencialidades, para que as crianças sejam capazes de resignifcar suas histórias e ser autoras de suas próprias vida

Prospects for plant defence activators and biocontrol in IPM - Concepts and lessons learnt so far

There is an urgent need to develop new interventions to manage pests because evolution of pesticide resistance and changes in legislation are limiting conventional control options for farmers. We investigated β-aminobutyric acid (BABA), jasmonic acid (JA) and fructose as possible plant defence activators against grey mould disease, . Botrytis cinerea, and root knot nematode, . Meloidogyne incognita. We also tested . Trichogramma achaeae parasitoid wasps and an antifeedant plant extract for biocontrol of the invasive tomato leafminer, . Tuta absoluta. BABA and JA enhanced resistance of tomato plants to . B. cinerea but neither treatment provided complete protection and the efficacy of treatment varied over time with BABA being more durable than JA. Efficacy was partly dependent on tomato cultivar, with some cultivars responding better to BABA treatment than others. Furthermore, treatment of tomato with BABA, JA and fructose led to partial suppression of . M. incognita egg mass development. Biocontrol agent, . T. achaeae, performance against . T. absoluta could be enhanced by adjusting the rearing conditions. Both attack rate and longevity were improved by rearing the parasitoids on . T. absoluta rather than on other insects. Finally, . Ajuga chamaepitys extract was shown to have significant antifeedant activity against . T. absoluta. Our findings suggest that there are potential new solutions for protection of crops but they are more complicated to deploy, more variable and require more biological knowledge than conventional pesticides. In isolation, they may not provide the same level of protection as pesticides but are likely to be more potent when deployed in combination in IPM strategies

Nuevas estrategias docentes para la adquisición de competencias en Proyectos de Grado

Memoria ID12-0114. Ayudas de la Universidad de Salamanca para la innovación docente, curso 2012-2013