Talc concentration effect on shelf life of acetaminophen tablets

Excipients in pharmaceutical formulations are inactive ingredient from the biological point of view, but they have a key role in the preparation, and they can alter the stability of the active principle. In this work, we prepared acetaminophen tablets with different amounts of talc as excipient and the thermal stability was deeply investigated by thermogravimetric studies. Isoconversional analysis by Kissinger–Akahira–Sunose method and “Master plot” analysis have been successfully employed to describe the kinetics of degradation under inert atmosphere, and the shelf lives have been calculated as a function of the talc content. The shelf-life values as well as the activation energy, which is the dominant factor, evidenced that the inorganic filler enhances the drug degradation to a certain extend and that the composition dependence has a peculiar trend reflecting the particle cluster formation at a critical concentration value. An effort of physico-chemical explanation for this behaviour is put forward by a simple geometrical model from the microparticle-size analysis to predict the critical talc concentration

Lifetime predictions of non-ionic and ionic biopolymers: kinetic studies by non-isothermal thermogravimetric analysis

In this paper, films based on sustainable polymers with variable charge have been investigated by non-isothermal thermogravimetry in order to predict their lifetime, which is a key parameter for their potential use in numerous technological and biomedical applications. Specifically, chitosan has been selected as positively charged biopolymer, while alginate has been chosen as negatively charged biopolymer. Among non-ionic polymers, methylcellulose has been investigated. Thermogravimetric measurements at variable heating rates (5, 10, 15 and 20 °C min−1) have been performed for all the polymers to study their degradation kinetics by using isoconversional procedures combined with ‘Master plot’ analyses. Both integral (KAS and Starink methods) and differential (Friedman method) isoconversional procedures have shown that chitosan possesses the highest energetic barrier to decomposition. Based on the Master plot analysis, the decomposition of ionic polymers can be described by the R2 kinetic model (contracted cylindrical geometry), while the degradation of methylcellulose reflects the D2 mechanism (two-dimensional diffusion). The determination of both the decomposition mechanism and the kinetic parameters (activation energy and pre-exponential factor) has been used to determine the decay time functions of the several biopolymers. The obtained insights can be helpful for the development of durable films based on sustainable polymers with variable electrostatic characteristics. Graphical abstract: [Figure not available: see fulltext.

Stimuli-responsive photoluminescent and structural properties of MIL-53(Al) MOF for sensing applications

Metal-organic frameworks (MOFs) are an intriguing group of porous materials due to their potential influence on the development of indispensable technologies like luminescent sensors and solid-state light devices, luminescent multifunctional nanomaterials. In this research work we explored MIL-53(Al), an exceptional class of MOF that, along with guest adsorption, undergoes structural transitions exhibiting breathing behavior between narrow pore and large pore under temperature and mechanical stress. Therefore, we opted for the time resolved luminescence and FT-Raman spectroscopy to investigate the mechanochromic and thermochromic response of this material under external stimuli. Intriguingly, when subjected to temperature changes, MIL-53(Al) exhibited a ratiometric fluorescence behavior related to the reversible relationship of photoluminescence emission intensity with respect to temperature. Moreover, under higher mechanical stress MIL-53(Al) displayed turn-on behavior in emission intensity, hence offering a thrilling avenue for the application in mechanically deformed-based luminescent sensors and ratiometric fluorescence temperature sensors

Size-Controlled Water-Soluble Ag Nanoparticles

Ag nanoparticles of two different sizes (1 and 4 nm) were prepared within an apoferritin cavity by using an Ag+-loaded apoferritin as a nanoconfined environment for their construction. The initial amount of Ag' ions injected in the apoferritin cavity dictates the size of the final Ag particles. The protein shell prevents bulk aggregation of the metal particles, which renders them water soluble and extremely stable

Origin of the solid-state luminescence of MIL-53(Al) and its connection to the local crystalline structure

Metal-organic frameworks (MOFs) are extensively studied due to their unique surface properties, enabling many intriguing applications. Breathing MOFs, a subclass of MOFs, have gained recent interest for their ability to undergo structural changes based on factors like temperature, pressure, adsorbed molecules. Certain MOFs also exhibit remarkable optical properties useful for applications such as sensors, light-emitting diodes, and scintillators. The most promising MOFs possess high porosity, breathing properties, and photoluminescence activities, allowing for improved device responsiveness and selectivity. Understanding the relationship between crystal structures and photoluminescence properties is crucial in these cases. As studies on this topic are still very limited, we report for the first time an exhaustive study on the solid-state luminescence of the breathing MOF MIL-53(Al), that can stabilize in three different crystalline structures: open-pore, hydrated narrow-pore and closed-pore. We unveil a fascinating solid-state luminescence spectrum, comprising three partially overlapping bands, and elucidate the intricate electronic transitions within each band as well as their intimate correlation with the local crystalline structures. Our characterizations of spectroscopic properties and decay times provide a deeper understanding of the luminescent behaviour of MIL-53(Al) and demonstrate that is possible to identify present crystalline structures by optical measurements or to modify the optical properties inducing structural transitions for this type of materials. These insights could help to design next-generation, selective sensors or smart light emitting devices

You’re the emotional one: the role of perspective for emotion processing in reading comprehension

Two experiments were conducted to explore whether perspective influences the way readers engage with and process emotional information while reading. Texts presenting characters in an emotional situation from either a personal or an onlooker perspective were presented and reading times were measured for each sentence. Participants also provided emotional self-ratings after reading. In the first experiment, positive texts were processed with greater ease, especially when readers experienced the texts from a personal perspective. In Experiment 2, an emotional match/mismatch was inserted so that a final explicit emotion word either matched or mismatched the emotional valence of the text. Mismatch effects were stronger and more consistent for the personal perspective. The two experiments provide evidence that the perspective of the reader can influence emotion processing. Processing of emotional information was easier for the personal perspective, and readers were more sensitive to inconsistent emotional information from that perspective

Honeycomb monolithic design to enhance the performance of Ni-based catalysts for dry reforming of methane

Supported Ni catalysts (4,5% wt%) using a Ce-Zr oxide (18/82 molar ratio and a ceria rich surface) depicting advanced redox properties, were deposited by washcoating over cordierite honeycombs (230 and 400 cpsi). FIB-STEM unveiled nanostructure details otherwise undistinguishable by conventional techniques. The catalytic performance was evaluated in the dry reforming of methane al 700-900 degree C, using a CH4:CO2 1:1 feddstock, and exploring high Weight Hourly Space Velocity (115-346 L.g-1.h-1). The structured catalyts exhibited better performance than the corresponding powers, reaching values close to rhermodynamics limits for booth reactants conversion and H2/CO ratio, from 750 dgree C, and no deactivation was observed in prolongued experiments (24-48 h). This was related to both the high catalytic efficiency after being deposited with low loading on the cordierite and the intrinsic advantages of the monolithic reactor, like preventing from the kinetic control that operates in powdered samples under high WHSV or limiting the deactivation.Comment: 10 pages, 8 figures, 3 tables, 61 reference

Perfil epidemiológico das internações por condições sensíveis à atenção primária de saúde no estado de Roraima

Introduction: The Primary Care Sensitive Conditions (CSAP) comprise the health problems that are treated in the first level of health care; if this care is neglected, an evolution of the illness may happen, requiring hospitalization. Objective: Understand the characteristics of hospitalizations due to primary care sensitive conditions that occurred in the Hospitals of Roraima during the period from 2011 to 2015. Methods: This is a population-based ecological study using DATASUS secondary data. Results: During the period under study, 155,063 hospitalizations were detected in HGR, of which 22.79% (35,344) were consequences from Primary Care Sensitive Conditions and 82.19% of the hospitalizations were from patients living in Boa Vista; the bacterial pneumonia was the main cause of hospitalization, followed by skin and subcutaneous tissue infections. Conclusions: : In this study, it was possible to quantify the number of hospitalizations that occurred in the state of Roraima from 2011 to 2015 and to outline a profile of the hospitalizations by CSAP, identifying the main causes that require interventions through programs in primary care.Introdução: As Condições Sensíveis à Atenção Primária (CSAP) compreendem os agravos em saúde que são atendidos no primeiro nível de atenção à saúde, caso esse atendimento seja negligenciado pode haver evolução deste agravo sendo necessária internação hospitalar. Objetivo: Conhecer as características das internações por condições sensíveis à atenção primária que ocorreram nas Instituições Hospitalares do estado de Roraima no período de 2011 à 2015. Métodos: Trata-se de um estudo ecológico de base populacional que utiliza dados secundários do DATASUS. Resultados: No período estudado, evidenciou-se a ocorrência de 155.063 internações no HGR, sendo que 22,79% (35.344) destas foram internações por Condições Sensíveis a Atenção Primária e 82,19% referentes a e pacientes residentes em Boa Vista, visto que as pneumonias bacterianas foram as principais causas de internação, seguido por infecção da pele e tecido subcutâneo. Conclusões: Neste estudo foi possível quantificar as internações ocorridas no estado de Roraima de 2011 à 2015 e traçar um perfil das internações pelas CSAP, identificando as principais causas de internação que necessitam de intervenção por meio de programas dirigidos na atenção primária

Regioselective Generation of Single-Site Iridium Atoms and Their Evolution into Stabilized Subnanometric Iridium Clusters in MWW Zeolite

This is the peer reviewed version of the following article: L. Liu, M. Lopez-Haro, D. M. Meira, P. Concepcion, J. J. Calvino, A. Corma, Angew. Chem. Int. Ed. 2020, 59, 15695, which has been published in final form at https://doi.org/10.1002/anie.202005621. This article may be used for non-commercial purposes in accordance with Wiley Terms and Conditions for Self-Archiving.[EN] Preparation of supported metal catalysts with uniform particle size and coordination environment is a challenging and important topic in materials chemistry and catalysis. In this work, we report the regioselective generation of single-site Ir atoms and their evolution into stabilized subnanometric Ir clusters in MWW zeolite, which are located at the 10MR window connecting the two neighboring 12MR supercages. The size of the subnanometric Ir clusters can be controlled by the post-synthesis treatments and maintain below 1 nm even after being reduced at 650 degrees C, which cannot be readily achieved with samples prepared by conventional impregnation methods. The high structure sensitivity, size-dependence, of catalytic performance in the alkane hydrogenolysis reaction of Ir clusters in the subnanometric regime is evidenced.This work has been supported by the European Union through the European Research Council (grant ERC-AdG-2014-671093, SynCatMatch) and the Spanish government through the "Severo Ochoa Program" (SEV-2016-0683). The authors also thank Microscopy Service of UPV for the TEM and STEM measurements. High-resolution STEM measurements were performed at the DME-UCA node of the ELECMI National Singular Infrastruture, in Cadiz University, with financial support from FEDER/MINECO (MAT2017-87579-R and MAT2016-81118-P). This research used resources of the Advanced Photon Source, an Office of Science User Facility operated for the U.S. Department of Energy (DOE) Office of Science by Argonne National Laboratory, and was supported by the U.S. DOE under Contract No.DE-AC02-06CH11357, and the Canadian Light Source and its funding partners. The financial support from ExxonMobil on this project is also greatly acknowledged.Liu, L.; Lopez-Haro, M.; Meira, DM.; Concepción Heydorn, P.; Calvino, JJ.; Corma Canós, A. (2020). Regioselective Generation of Single-Site Iridium Atoms and Their Evolution into Stabilized Subnanometric Iridium Clusters in MWW Zeolite. Angewandte Chemie International Edition. 59(36):15695-15702. https://doi.org/10.1002/anie.202005621S15695157025936Liu, L., & Corma, A. (2018). Metal Catalysts for Heterogeneous Catalysis: From Single Atoms to Nanoclusters and Nanoparticles. Chemical Reviews, 118(10), 4981-5079. doi:10.1021/acs.chemrev.7b00776Thomas, J. M., Raja, R., & Lewis, D. W. (2005). 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