Visores 3D, servicios interoperables e información geográfica: aplicaciones en ciencias de la tierra

Esta comunicación muestra los resultados de incorporar la geovisualización 3D y el tiempo (4ª dimensión) a la información geográfica (mapas temáticos, MDE, etc) y, específicamente, a los servicios interoperables a través de Internet, aplicados al campo de las ciencias naturales. Para ello se utiliza el visor Condor (con versiones desktop y cliente-web) desarrollado informáticamente por la empresa Elimco Sistemas, con la que el Grupo de Investigación al que pertenecen los autores de la Universidad de Sevilla mantiene una estrecha colaboración para el diseño de sus funcionalidades y el tratamiento semiológico de los datos geográficos. Se han elegido dos áreas específicas del territorio de Andalucía: un sector litoral y marino (tramo Algeciras- Estepona) y un área de alta montaña (Sierra Nevada). Los resultados reflejan el interés de estos visores para la visualización multitemporal y 3D de dos medios extremos (el medio submarino y el alpino) que, al incorporar algunas sencillas herramientas interactivas de análisis de los datos (cálculo de perfiles topográficos, simulación de subidas del nivel del mar, calculo de pendientes, etc.), les proporcionan un claro valor añadido para la transmisión del conocimiento en el medio natural.The aim of this paper is to show the results of incorporating the 3D geovisualization and the time (as a 4th dimension) to the geographical information and, specifically, to the interoperable geoservices by means of the Internet, applied to the field of Natural Sciences. The Condor geoviewer (with desktop and web-client versions) is a software developed by Elimco Sistemas, a company which keeps a strong relationship with the authors focussed on the design of the functionalities and the usage of graphic semiology to the geographical data. In order to make a test of these geoviewer capabilities, two areas –a coastal and marine one and an alpine geomorphological area- were chosen. The results show the potentialities of this tool in the 3D and multitemporal geovisualization applied to two extreme environments (such as alpine and submerged areas). An obvious additional advantage in the transmission of knowledge of natural environments is given to the geoviewer by means of the addition of some user-friendly interactive analysis tools (real time calculations of slope and shades, topographic profiles, etc)

Optimization of nickel and cobalt biosorption by native Serratia marcescens strains isolated from serpentine deposits using response surface methodology

The treatment of metal-polluted wastes is a challenging issue of environmental concern. Metals can be removed using microbial biomass, and this is an interesting approach towards the design of eco-friendly technologies for liquid waste treatment. The study reported here aimed to optimize nickel and cobalt biosorption from aqueous solutions using three native metal-resistant Serratia marcescens strains. Ni(II) and Co(II) biosorption by S. marcescens strains was found to fit better to Langmuir's model, with maximum uptake capacities of 13.5 mg g(-1) for Ni(II) ions and 19.9 mg g(-1) for Co(II) ions. Different experimental conditions of initial metal concentration, pH, initial biomass, and temperature were optimized using the Plackett-Burman method, and, finally, biomass and metal concentration were studied using the response surface methodology (RSM) to improve biosorption. The optimum uptake capacities for Co(II) ions by the three biosorbents used were obtained for initial metal concentrations of 35-40 mg L-1 and an initial biomass of 6 mg. For Ni(II) ions, the optimum uptake capacity was achieved with 1 mg of initial biomass for S. marcescens C-1 and C-19, and with 7 mg for S. marcescens C-16, with initial concentrations of 20-50 mg L-1. The results obtained demonstrate the viability of native S. marcescens strains as biosorbents for Ni(II) and Co(II) removal. This study also contributes to our understanding of the potential uses of serpentine microbial populations for the design of environmental cleanup technologies

Biosorption of nickel, cobalt, zinc and copper ions by Serratia marcescens strain 16 in mono and multimetallic systems

The metallurgical industry is one of the main sources of heavy metal pollution, which represents a severe threat to life. Metals can be removed from aqueous solutions by using microbial biomasses. This paper analyses the heavy metal biosorption capacity of Serratia marcescens strain 16 in single and multimetallic systems. The results obtained show that Co(II), Ni(II) and Zn(II) biosorption in monometallic systems is two to three times higher than in the presence of bi-metallic and multimetallic solutions. Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy confirmed that carbonyl, carboxyl and hydroxyl were the main functional groups, as well as the amide bands I and II involved in metal uptake, which are present in external structures of the bacterial cell. The results obtained demonstrated the viability of S. marcescens strain 16 as a biosorbent for the design of eco-friendly technologies for the treatment of waste liquor.The authors would like to acknowledge the financial support provided by the Iberoamerican PhD Program (UCA-UH), the AUIP and by the International Foundation of Science (Grant C/4078-2)

Lipoma intermuscular de la pared abdominal de un perro

En este artículo se describe un caso de un lipoma simple intermuscular, localizado en la pared abdominal entre el músculo oblicuo interno y transverso del abdomen, en un perro macho de raza Setter Irlandés de 14 años de edad. El animal presentaba un abultamiento en la zona inguinal izquierda desde hacía aproximadamente un año, pero a lo largo de los últimos meses dicho abultamiento había crecido. El estudio radiológico y ecográfico de la masa, junto con el examen citológico de una muestra de la misma, obtenida mediante aspiración con aguja fina, demostraron la existencia de un tejido adiposo. La localización intermuscular de la masa se estableció durante la cirugía, y el diagnóstico definitivo de lipoma se realizó tras el examen histopatológico. La evolución ha sido favorable, y después de un periodo de seguimiento del animal de 6 meses, no ha habido recidiva alguna

Clinical Validation of a 3-Dimensional Ultrafast Cardiac Magnetic Resonance Protocol Including Single Breath-Hold 3-Dimensional Sequences

Objectives: This study sought to clinically validate a novel 3-dimensional (3D) ultrafast cardiac magnetic resonance (CMR) protocol including cine (anatomy and function) and late gadolinium enhancement (LGE), each in a single breath-hold. Background: CMR is the reference tool for cardiac imaging but is time-consuming. Methods: A protocol comprising isotropic 3D cine (Enhanced sensitivity encoding [SENSE] by Static Outer volume Subtraction [ESSOS]) and isotropic 3D LGE sequences was compared with a standard cine+LGE protocol in a prospective study of 107 patients (age 58 ± 11 years; 24% female). Left ventricular (LV) mass, volumes, and LV and right ventricular (RV) ejection fraction (LVEF, RVEF) were assessed by 3D ESSOS and 2D cine CMR. LGE (% LV) was assessed using 3D and 2D sequences. Results: Three-dimensional and LGE acquisitions lasted 24 and 22 s, respectively. Three-dimensional and LGE images were of good quality and allowed quantification in all cases. Mean LVEF by 3D and 2D CMR were 51 ± 12% and 52 ± 12%, respectively, with excellent intermethod agreement (intraclass correlation coefficient [ICC]: 0.96; 95% confidence interval [CI]: 0.94 to 0.97) and insignificant bias. Mean RVEF 3D and 2D CMR were 60.4 ± 5.4% and 59.7 ± 5.2%, respectively, with acceptable intermethod agreement (ICC: 0.73; 95% CI: 0.63 to 0.81) and insignificant bias. Both 2D and 3D LGE showed excellent agreement, and intraobserver and interobserver agreement were excellent for 3D LGE. Conclusions: ESSOS single breath-hold 3D CMR allows accurate assessment of heart anatomy and function. Combining ESSOS with 3D LGE allows complete cardiac examination in less than 1 min of acquisition time. This protocol expands the indication for CMR, reduces costs, and increases patient comfort. (J Am Coll Cardiol Img 2021;14:1742–1754)Funding included Instituto de Salud Carlos III (ISCIII) and the European Regional Development Fund (ERDF) Grants DTS17/00136 to Dr. Ibáñez and PI19/01704 to Dr. Fernandez-Jimenez; Spanish Society of Cardiology Translational Research Grant 2016 to Dr. Ibáñez; European Research Council ERC-CoG 819775-MATRIX to Dr. Ibáñez; Comunidad de Madrid S2017/BMD-3867-RENIM-CM to Drs. Desco and Ibáñez; and Ministerio de Ciencia e Innovación (MICINN) RETOS2019-107332RB-I00 to Dr. Ibáñez. Dr. Fernandez-Jimenez received funding from the European Union Horizon 2020 research and innovation programme under Marie Sklodowska-Curie Hrant Agreement No. 707642. The CNIC is supported by the ISCIII, the MICINN, and the Pro CNIC Foundation. Drs. Fernandez-Jimenez, Nothnagel, Fuster, Ibáñez, and Javier Sánchez-González are inventors of a joint patent (Philips/CNIC) for the new cine imaging method here described and validated/protected under the IP #2014P00960EP. Drs. Nothnagel, Kouwenhoven, Clemence, and Javier Sánchez-González are Philips employees. All other authors have reported that they have no relationships relevant to the contents of this paper to disclose

Gestión de residuos sólidos urbanos en San Isidro Mazatepec, Tala

En este proyecto PAP verano 2018 San Isidro Mazatepec, nos enfocamos en generar un plan de gestión de residuos sólidos urbanos. Participó un equipo multidisciplinario conformado por ingenieros industriales, mecánicos, licenciados en relaciones industriales y en administración. La base del proyecto fue la problemática que existe en el poblado de San Isidro Mazatepec sobre la excesiva producción de residuos sólidos urbanos, la falta de espacios en donde realizar los depósitos de basura y la deplorable situación del sistema de gestión actual, así como del relleno sanitario del poblado. Se atacó la problemática desde la estrategia de implementación de un sistema de gestión de residuos, en donde se acondicionó un centro de acopio, en donde se acumularán los residuos sólidos urbanos de todo el poblado, se separarán y se tratarán para su futura venta y/o reciclaje. Estudiamos la situación de la bodega en materia de espacios, y realizamos un lay–out (diseño) del acomodo interno, para optimizar de la mejor manera los espacios, movimientos y procesos. Asimismo, se fabricaron prototipo de botes de basura en los que se separaran los residuos; esto se logró realizando una investigación por parte del delegado del pueblo, acordando la mejor ubicación para éstos. Lo anterior se validó mediante herramientas estadísticas y la opinión de un grupo representativo de habitantes de San Isidro. Por último, gestionamos una campaña de limpieza, a manera de concientización de la población, y poner en funcionamiento el centro de acopio.ITESO, A.C

Gamification for the Improvement of Diet, Nutritional Habits, and Body Composition in Children and Adolescents: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis

Currently, one of the main public health problems among children and adolescents is poor adherence to healthy habits, leading to increasingly high rates of obesity and the comorbidities that accompany obesity. Early interventions are necessary, and among them, the use of gamification can be an effective method. The objective was to analyse the effect of game-based interventions (gamification) for improving nutritional habits, knowledge, and changes in body composition. A systematic review and meta-analysis were performed in CINAHL, EMBASE, LILACS, MEDLINE, SciELO, and Scopus databases, following the PRISMA recommendations. There was no restriction by year of publication or language. Only randomized controlled trials were included. Twenty-three articles were found. After the intervention, the consumption of fruit and vegetables increased, as well as the knowledge on healthy food groups. The means difference showed a higher nutritional knowledge score in the intervention group 95% CI 0.88 (0.05–1.75). No significant effect of gamification was found for body mass index z-score. Gamification could be an effective method to improve nutritional knowledge about healthier nutritional habits. Promoting the development of effective educational tools to support learning related to nutrition is necessary in order to avoid and prevent chronic diseases

Aproximación Proteómica al síndrome de apneas-hipopneas del sueño

Comunicaciones a congreso

TNF-α and IL-10 downregulation and marked oxidative stress in Neuromyelitis Optica

<p>Abstract</p> <p>Background</p> <p>Neuromyelitis optica is a central nervous system demyelinating and inflammatory syndrome. The objective of this study is to identify cytokines related to the cellular immune response as well as blood brain barrier integrity and oxidative stress.</p> <p>Methods</p> <p>We performed a molecular characterization of cellular immune response and oxidative stress in serum from relapsing-NMO (R-NMO) patients and established the correlations between the clinical measurements and molecular parameters using the Bayesian approach.</p> <p>Serum samples from 11 patients with R-NMO diagnosed according to Wingerchuk criteria and matched in terms of age, gender and ethnicity with the healthy controls were analyzed. The levels of TNF-<it>α</it>, IFN-<it>γ</it>, IL-10, MMP-9, TIMP-1 and oxidative stress markers: malondialdehyde, advanced oxidation protein products, peroxidation potential, superoxide dismutase, catalase, and total hydroperoxides were measured.</p> <p>Results</p> <p>We found almost undetectable levels of TNF-<it>α</it>, a decreased production of IL-10 and a significant up-regulation of every oxidative stress biomarker studied. The insufficient production of TNF-<it>α </it>and IL-10 in R-NMO patients, which are two important players of T cell mediated immunoregulation, suggest an effector – regulator imbalance. The overproduction of oxygen reactive species as a consequence of the chronic inflammatory milieu is reflected on the excess of oxidative damage mediators detected. Furthermore, Multidimensional Scaling and a Bayesian linear regression model revealed a significant linear dependence between Expanded Disability Status Scale Kurtzke and TIMP-1; pointing to a possible predictive or prognostic value of this clinical-molecular relationship.</p> <p>Conclusion</p> <p>These results suggest that there is a breakdown in immunoregulatory mechanisms and noteworthy pro-oxidant environment contributing to NMO pathogenesis.</p

Breast reconstruction: a review

Surgeons in the late 19th - 20th century performed radical mastectomies as the only possible treatment for breast cancers. Since then, the medical-surgical/scientific community has been constantly encouraged to develop and study different less invasive alternatives in breast reconstruction. Over time, locoregional perforator flap options have served as practical alternatives to implant-based reconstruction and abdominal flaps, especially in the setting of patients who have received radiation therapy or have a history of failed reconstruction, as they effectively fill the missing volume and respect the musculature of the donor site. Breast reconstruction using strategies with one of the different locoregional flaps can preserve the musculature and innervation of the post-mastectomy site, which manages to reduce possible adverse events. In addition to evaluating the anatomical characteristics of the defect and affected quadrant, it is essential to assess the patient's body constitution and the skills of the surgical team as well as microsurgery training when designing a reconstructive plan. Different research protocols should be developed in the study and development of new medical-surgical therapeutic alternatives; we suggest joint development with tissue engineering