185 research outputs found

    Helium precipitation study in UO2 by Transmission Electron Microscopy

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    Predictors of Visceral Leishmaniasis Relapse in HIV-Infected Patients: A Systematic Review

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    Visceral leishmaniasis (VL) is the most serious form of an insect-transmitted parasitic disease prevalent in 70 countries. The disease is caused by species of the L. donovani complex found in different geographical regions. These parasites have substantially different clinical, drug susceptibility and epidemiological characteristics. According to data from the World Health Organization, the areas where HIV-Leishmania co-infection is distributed are extensive. HIV infection increases the risk of developing VL, reduces the likelihood of a therapeutic response, and greatly increases the probability of relapse. A better understanding of the factors promoting relapses is essential; therefore we performed a systematic review of articles involving all articles assessing the predictors of VL relapse in HIV-infected individuals older than 14 years of age. Out of 178 relevant articles, 18 met the inclusion criteria and in total, data from 1017 patients were analyzed. We identified previous episodes of VL relapse, CD4+ lymphocyte count fewer than 100 cells/mL at VL diagnosis, and the absence of an increase in CD4+ counts at follow-up as major factors associated with VL relapse. Knowledge of relapse predictors can help to identify patients with different degrees of risk, facilitate and direct prophylaxis choices, and aid in patient counseling

    COVID-19 symptoms at hospital admission vary with age and sex: results from the ISARIC prospective multinational observational study

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    Background: The ISARIC prospective multinational observational study is the largest cohort of hospitalized patients with COVID-19. We present relationships of age, sex, and nationality to presenting symptoms. Methods: International, prospective observational study of 60 109 hospitalized symptomatic patients with laboratory-confirmed COVID-19 recruited from 43 countries between 30 January and 3 August 2020. Logistic regression was performed to evaluate relationships of age and sex to published COVID-19 case definitions and the most commonly reported symptoms. Results: ‘Typical’ symptoms of fever (69%), cough (68%) and shortness of breath (66%) were the most commonly reported. 92% of patients experienced at least one of these. Prevalence of typical symptoms was greatest in 30- to 60-year-olds (respectively 80, 79, 69%; at least one 95%). They were reported less frequently in children (≀ 18 years: 69, 48, 23; 85%), older adults (≄ 70 years: 61, 62, 65; 90%), and women (66, 66, 64; 90%; vs. men 71, 70, 67; 93%, each P < 0.001). The most common atypical presentations under 60 years of age were nausea and vomiting and abdominal pain, and over 60 years was confusion. Regression models showed significant differences in symptoms with sex, age and country. Interpretation: This international collaboration has allowed us to report reliable symptom data from the largest cohort of patients admitted to hospital with COVID-19. Adults over 60 and children admitted to hospital with COVID-19 are less likely to present with typical symptoms. Nausea and vomiting are common atypical presentations under 30 years. Confusion is a frequent atypical presentation of COVID-19 in adults over 60 years. Women are less likely to experience typical symptoms than men

    Inflammatory mediators in intra-abdominal sepsis or injury – a scoping review

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    Evaluation de la prise en charge thérapeutique des patients infectés par le VIH, jamais traités, suivis au CHU de Fort-de-France de décembre 1996 à mai 2003

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    Devant le nombre grandissant de combinaisons anti-rĂ©trovirales proposĂ©es en premiĂšre intention, il Ă©tait intĂ©ressant de pouvoir se pencher sur l'Ă©volution locale des stratĂ©gies de l'arrivĂ©e des trithĂ©rapies. Nous avons observĂ© que les combinaisons associant 2 inhibiteurs nuclĂ©osidiques soit Ă  un inhibiteur de protĂ©ase soit Ă  un inhibiteur non nuclĂ©osidique ou encore Ă  un 3Ăšme inhibiteur nuclĂ©osique sont efficaces. Celles comportant le nelfinavir ou l'efavirenz ont Ă©tĂ© les plus utilisĂ©es entre 1999 et 2001 contribuant ainsi Ă  l'efficacitĂ© globale pour la cohorte suivie sur place. Il est intĂ©ressant de noter que les Ă©tudes prospectives et randomisĂ©es de la littĂ©rature confirment le bien fondĂ© de ces choix et tout particuliĂšrement la place de choix de l'efavirenz en premiĂšre ligne dans les stratĂ©gies sĂ©quentielles qui sont dĂ©sormais une prĂ©occupation constante dans les choix initiaux. En 2003 la prise en charge thĂ©rapeutique des patients infectĂ©s par le VIH doit ĂȘtre globale prenant en compte Ă  la fois l'aspect clinique, mais aussi l'aspect social, environnemental, psychologique, c'est cette stratĂ©gie qui est mise en place en MartiniquePARIS12-CRETEIL BU MĂ©decine (940282101) / SudocPARIS-BIUM (751062103) / SudocSudocFranceF

    Indinavir/lamivudine/zidovudine

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    Etude médico-économique de l'Enbrel(R)

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    MONTPELLIER-BU Pharmacie (341722105) / SudocSudocFranceF

    Prise en charge de la toxoplasmose cĂ©rĂ©brale chez le patient infectĂ© par le VIH en Martinique (intĂ©rĂȘt de l'association trimĂ©thoprim-sulfamĂ©thoxazole)

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    La toxoplasmose est une infection bĂ©nigne et le plus souvent inapparente chez la personne immunocompĂ©tente, mais elle peut ĂȘtre trĂšs grave voire mortelle chez l'immunodĂ©primĂ©, notamment chez le patient infectĂ© par le VIH. En 2004, la prĂ©valence de l'infection par le VIH reste importante dans les dĂ©partements français d'AmĂ©rique, et la toxoplasmose cĂ©rĂ©brale est la premiĂšre infection opportuniste en Martinique. Le traitement de rĂ©fĂ©rence de la toxoplasmose cĂ©rĂ©brale est l'association pyrimĂ©thamine-sulfadiazine. La tolĂ©rance Ă  ce traitement est mĂ©diocre, obligeant Ă  de frĂ©quents arrĂȘts de traitement. Depuis 1993, au CHU de Fort-de-France, l'association trimĂ©thoprim-sulfamĂ©thoxazole a Ă©tĂ© utilisĂ©e en premiĂšre ligne de traitement de la toxoplasmose cĂ©rĂ©brale. Nous avons menĂ© une Ă©tude rĂ©trospective d'aoĂ»t 1993 Ă  dĂ©cembre 2003 pour Ă©valuer l'efficacitĂ© et la tolĂ©rance de cette association dans le traitement d'attaque de la toxoplasmose cĂ©rĂ©brale. Avec une efficacitĂ© de 77,1 % en intention de traiter et 11,5 % d'arrĂȘts de traitement pour effets indĂ©sirables, l'association trimĂ©thoprim-sulfamĂ©thoxazole paraĂźt ĂȘtre une alternative valable au traitement de rĂ©fĂ©rence, avec comme avantages la disponibilitĂ© d'une voie intraveineuse, un nombre rĂ©duit de comprimĂ©s et un faible coĂ»tFORT-DE-FRANCE-CHRU-BU (972332102) / SudocBESANCON-BU MĂ©decine pharmacie (250562102) / SudocPARIS-BIUM (751062103) / SudocSudocFranceF
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