CO2 and Rn degassing from the natural analog of Campo de Calatrava (Spain): Implications for monitoring of CO2 storage sites

Natural analogs offer a valuable opportunity to investigate the long-term impacts associated with thepotential leakage in geological storage of CO2.Degassing of CO2and radon isotopes (222Rn?220Rn) from soil, gas vents and thermal water dischargeswas investigated in the natural analog of Campo de Calatrava Volcanic Field (CCVF; Central Spain) todetermine the CO2?Rn relationships and to assess the role of CO2as carrier gas for radon. Furthermore,radon measurements to discriminate between shallow and deep gas sources were evaluated under theperspective of their applicability in monitoring programs of carbon storage projects.CO2flux as high as 5000 g m?2d?1and222Rn activities up to 430 kBq m?3were measured;220Rn activi-ties were one order of magnitude lower than those of222Rn. The222Rn/220Rn ratios were used to constrainthe source of the Campo de Calatrava soil gases since a positive correlation between radon isotopic ratiosand CO2fluxes was observed. Thus, in agreement with previous studies, our results indicate a deepmantle-related origin of CO2for both free and soil gases, suggesting that carbon dioxide is an efficientcarrier for Rn. Furthermore, it was ascertained that the increase of222Rn in the soil gases was likely pro-duced by two main processes: (i) direct transport by a carrier gas, i.e., CO2and (ii) generation at shallowlevel due to the presence of relatively high concentrations of dissolved U and Ra in the thermal aquiferof Campo de Calatrava.The diffuse CO2soil flux and radon isotopic surveys carried out in the Campo de Calatrava VolcanicFields can also be applicable to geochemical monitoring programs in CCS (Carbon Capture and Storage)areas as these parameters are useful to: (i) constrain CO2leakages once detected and (ii) monitor both theevolution of the leakages and the effectiveness of subsequent remediation activities. These measurementscan also conveniently be used to detect diffuse leakages

Monitorización y verificación de un almacenamiento geológico de CO2. Aplicación de la monitorización superficial en la PDT de Hontomín (Burgos, España)

La necesidad de reducir las emisiones de gases de efecto invernadero ha contribuido al desarrollo de nuevas tecnologías de utilización sostenible de los combustibles fósiles. Destacan entre ellas la captura y almacenamiento de CO2 (CAC), aunque su aplicación industrial aún requiere avances tecnológicos. En este sentido, la Fundación Ciudad de la Energía (CIUDEN) desarrolla un proyecto integral de demostración de las técnicas CAC en el marco del proyecto Compostilla OXYCFB300 financiado por el programa europeo “European Energy Program for Recovery (EEPR)

A RGBD-Based System for Real-Time Robotic Defects Detection on Sewer Networks

In this paper we summarize the automatic defect inspec- tion onboard the sewer inspection ground platform SIAR. We include a general overview of the software and hardware characteristics of our platform, making a special emphasis on the sensing devices and software systems that are used for defect inspection. The main detection algo- rithm makes use of the a priori knowledge of ideal sections of the sewers that can be found in the Geographic Information Systems (GIS), and uses a variant of the Iterative Closest Point (ICP) algorithm for nd- ing structural and serviceability defects. Then, we describe the software modules that are in charge of storing the alerts found by the detection system and of displaying them to the operator. The whole system has been tested in two eld scenarios on di erent locations of the real sewer network of Barcelona, Spain

Venoarterial Extracorporeal Membrane Oxygenation with or without Simultaneous Intra-Aortic Balloon Pump Support as a Direct Bridge to Heart Transplantation: Results from a Nationwide Spanish Registry

[Abstract] OBJECTIVES To investigate the potential clinical benefit of an intra-aortic balloon pump (IABP) in patients supported with venoarterial extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (VA-ECMO) as a bridge to heart transplantation (HT). METHODS We studied 169 patients who were listed for urgent HT under VA-ECMO support at 16 Spanish institutions from 2010 to 2015. The clinical outcomes of patients under simultaneous IABP support (n = 73) were compared to a control group of patients without IABP support (n = 96). RESULTS There were no statistically significant differences between the IABP and control groups with regard to the cumulative rates of transplantation (71.2% vs 81.2%, P = 0.17), death during VA-ECMO support (20.6% vs 14.6%, P = 0.31), transition to a different mechanical circulatory support device (5.5% vs 5.2%, P = 0.94) or weaning from VA-ECMO support due to recovery (2.7% vs 0%, P = 0.10). There was a higher incidence of bleeding events in the IABP group (45.2% vs 25%, P = 0.006; adjusted odds ratio 2.18, 95% confidence interval 1.02–4.67). In-hospital postoperative mortality after HT was 34.6% in the IABP group and 32.5% in the control group (P = 0.80). One-year survival after listing for urgent HT was 53.3% in the IABP group and 52.2% in the control group (log rank P = 0.75). Multivariate adjustment for potential confounders did not change this result (adjusted hazard ratio 0.94, 95% confidence interval 0.56–1.58). CONCLUSIONS In our study, simultaneous IABP therapy in transplant candidates under VA-ECMO support did not significantly reduce morbidity or mortality

¿Es razonable el abordaje laparoscópico en patología maligna colo-rectal?

Desde que se efectuó la primera resección de colon por vía laparoscópica en 1990, han sido publicados numerosos artículos, manifestándose diferentes opiniones, algunas de ellas francamente contrapuestas, en cuanto a validez o no de esta vía de abordaje quirúrgico, para el tratamiento del cáncer colo-rectal. El presente estudio de revisión pretende poner en claro cuál es la situación actual de la resección de colon por vía laparoscópica. Se analizan las ventajas e inconvenientes de dicho tratamiento, haciendo especial hincapié en situar la realidad actual de la incidencia de metástasis en el orificio de entrada de los trócares, así como, analizar las posibles causas. Se estudia la importancia de la experiencia del equipo quirúrgico y de la curva de aprendizaje para obtener los mejores resultados. Así como la necesidad de mantener las normas establecidas para una correcta resección de intestino grueso desde el punto de vista oncológico y la importancia de efectuar este tipo de cirugía dentro de ensayos clínicos controlados

Description of the exposure of the most-followed spanish instamom's children to social medias

There is evidence of the risk of overexposure of children on social networks by parents working as influencers. A cross-sectional study of the profiles of the sixteen most-followed Instamoms in Spain was carried out. An analysis of these profiles was performed over a full month (April 2022), three times a week, to describe the representation of influencers’ children in the posts shared by them, as well as their role in the Instamoms’ marketing. A total of 192 evaluations of the profiles were performed in the study period. The average number of children exposed by an Instamom was three, generally preschoolers and schoolchildren. The children appear in a context of the family home and accompanied by their mother. The type of advertising that accompanies the appearance of underage children is usually women or children’s clothing, but also food products, leisure, etc. Appearance of children in the posts had a statistically significant influence on followers measured by the number of likes. Results provided the identification of two Instamom clusters with differentiated behaviors in relation to appearance of children in posts. It is important to involve Social Pediatrics in the protection of the privacy and interests of children given the increase in sharenting. The authors believe that there are concerns about their explicit consent to public exposure from early childhood and about the medium and long-term effect that this may have on their future well-being

Complicaciones infecciosas relacionadas con la asistencia circulatoria mecánica de corta duración en candidatos a trasplante cardiaco urgente

[Abstract] Introduction and objectives. Short-term mechanical circulatory support is frequently used as a bridge to heart transplant in Spain. The epidemiology and prognostic impact of infectious complications in these patients are unknown. Methods. Systematic description of the epidemiology of infectious complications and analysis of their prognostic impact in a multicenter, retrospective registry of patients treated with short-term mechanical devices as a bridge to urgent heart transplant from 2010 to 2015 in 16 Spanish hospitals. Results. We studied 249 patients, of which 87 (34.9%) had a total of 102 infections. The most frequent site was the respiratory tract (n = 47; 46.1%). Microbiological confirmation was obtained in 78 (76.5%) episodes, with a total of 100 causative agents, showing a predominance of gram-negative bacteria (n = 58, 58%). Compared with patients without infection, those with infectious complications showed higher mortality during the support period (25.3% vs 12.3%, P = .009) and a lower probability of receiving a transplant (73.6% vs 85.2%, P = .025). In-hospital posttransplant mortality was similar in the 2 groups (with infection: 28.3%; without infection: 23.4%; P = .471). Conclusions. Patients supported with temporary devices as a bridge to heart transplant are exposed to a high risk of infectious complications, which are associated with higher mortality during the organ waiting period.[Resumen] Introducción y objetivos. El uso de dispositivos de asistencia circulatoria mecánica de corta duración como puente a trasplante es frecuente en España. Se desconocen la epidemiología y la repercusión de las complicaciones infecciosas en estos pacientes. Métodos. Descripción sistemática de la epidemiología y análisis de la repercusión pronóstica de las complicaciones infecciosas en un registro multicéntrico retrospectivo de pacientes tratados con dispositivos de asistencia circulatoria mecánica de corta duración como puente a trasplante cardiaco urgente entre 2010 y 2015 en 16 hospitales españoles. Resultados. Se estudió a 249 pacientes; 87 (34,9%) de ellos tuvieron un total de 102 infecciones. La vía respiratoria fue la localización más frecuente (n = 47; 46,1%). En 78 casos (76,5%) se obtuvo confirmación microbiológica; se aislaron en total 100 gérmenes causales, con predominio de bacterias gramnegativas (n = 58, 58%). Los pacientes con complicaciones infecciosas presentaron mayor mortalidad durante el periodo de asistencia circulatoria mecánica (el 25,3 frente al 12,3%; p = 0,009) y menor probabilidad de recibir un trasplante (el 73,6 frente al 85,2%; p = 0,025) que los pacientes sin infección. La mortalidad posoperatoria tras el trasplante fue similar en ambos grupos (con infección, el 28,3%; sin infección, el 23,4%; p = 0,471). Conclusiones. Los pacientes tratados con dispositivos de asistencia circulatoria mecánica de corta duración como puente al trasplante cardiaco están expuestos a un alto riesgo de complicaciones infecciosas, las cuales se asocian con una mayor mortalidad en espera del órgano

Baseline of soil CO2 flux in the Hontomin site (Burgos, Spain)

Baseline of soil CO2 flux in the Hontomin site (Burgos, Spain

Valor pronóstico de la concentración sérica de lactato de los receptores de trasplante cardiaco urgente: subanálisis del estudio multicéntrico español ASIS-TC

[Abstract] Introduction and objectives. To study the prognostic value of serum lactate in patients under temporary preoperative mechanical circulatory support who underwent urgent heart transplant. Methods. We conducted a subanalysis of a Spanish multicenter registry recording data on patients under temporary mechanical circulatory support listed for highly urgent heart transplant from 2010 to 2015. Participants selected for the present study were those who received a transplant and who had known preoperative serum lactate levels. The main study outcome was 1-year survival after transplant. Results. A total of 177 heart transplant recipients were studied; preoperatively, 90 were supported on venoarterial extracorporeal membrane oxygenation, 51 on temporary left ventricular assist devices, and 36 on temporary biventricular assist devices. Preoperative hyperlactatemia (≥ 2 mmol/L) was present in 44 (25%) patients. On multivariable analysis, pretransplant serum lactate was identified as an independent predictor of 1-year posttransplant survival (adjusted HR per 0.1 mmol/L, 1.02; 95%CI, 1.01-1.03; P = .007). One-year posttransplant survival was 53.1% (95%CI, 45.3-60.9) in patients with preoperative hyperlactatemia and 75.6% (95%CI, 71.8-79.4) in those without preoperative hyperlactatemia (adjusted HR, 1.94; 95%CI, 1.04-3.63; P = .039). Preoperative hyperlactatemia correlated with adverse outcomes in patients supported with extracorporeal membrane oxygenation, but not in patients supported on ventricular assist devices. Conclusions. Preoperative serum lactate is a strong independent predictor of worse outcomes in patients undergoing urgent heart transplant on short-term mechanical circulatory support.[Resumen] Introducción y objetivos. Analizar el impacto del lactato sérico en receptores de trasplante cardiaco urgente en asistencia circulatoria mecánica de corta duración preoperatoria. Métodos. Se realizó un subanálisis de un registro multicéntrico español basado en pacientes incluidos en «urgencia grado 0» para trasplante cardiaco con asistencia circulatoria mecánica preoperatoria de corta duración entre 2010 y 2015. Se seleccionó a los receptores de trasplante con cifras preoperatorias de lactato conocidas. El desenlace principal fue la supervivencia 1 año tras el trasplante. Resultados. Se estudió a 177 receptores de trasplante cardiaco urgente, de los que 90 necesitaron asistencia preoperatoria con oxigenador extracorpóreo de membrana venoarterial, 51 con asistencia ventricular izquierda y 36 con asistencia biventricular. De ellos, 44 (25%) presentaban hiperlactatemia antes del trasplante (≥ 2 mmol/l). En el análisis multivariable, la cifra de lactato sérico resultó predictora independiente de mortalidad tras el trasplante (cada 0,1 mmol/l, HR ajustada = 1,02; IC95%, 1,01-1,03; p = 0,007). La supervivencia estimada al año del trasplante cardiaco fue del 53,1% (IC95%, 45,3-60,9) en los pacientes con hiperlactactemia preoperatoria y el 75,6% (IC95%, 71,8-79,4) en los pacientes sin hiperlactatemia (HR ajustada = 1,94; IC95%, 1,04-3,63; p = 0,039). El impacto pronóstico de la hiperlactatemia fue significativo en los pacientes asistidos con oxigenador extracorpóreo de membrana venoarterial, pero no en aquellos con dispositivos de asistencia ventricular. Conclusiones. Los valores preoperatorios de ácido láctico son un potente factor pronóstico independiente en receptores de trasplante cardiaco urgente

Targeting UBC9-Mediated Protein Hyper-SUMOylation in Cystic Cholangiocytes Halts Polycystic Liver Disease in Experimental Models

BACKGROUND & AIMS: Polycystic liver diseases (PLDs) are genetic disorders characterized by progressive development of multiple fluid-filled biliary cysts. Most PLD-causative genes participate in protein biogenesis and/or transport. Post-translational modifications (PTMs) are implicated in protein stability, localization and activity, contributing to human pathobiology; however, their role in PLD is unknown. Herein, we aimed to unveil the role of protein SUMOylation in PLD and its potential therapeutic targeting. METHODS: Levels and functional effects of SUMOylation, along with response to S-adenosylmethionine (SAMe, inhibitor of the SUMOylation enzyme UBC9) and/or short-hairpin RNAs (shRNAs) against UBE2I (UBC9), were evaluated invitro, invivo and/or in patients with PLD. SUMOylated proteins were determined by immunoprecipitation and proteomic analyses by mass spectrometry. RESULTS: Most SUMOylation-related genes were found overexpressed (mRNA) in polycystic human and rat liver tissue, as well as in cystic cholangiocytes in culture compared to controls. Increased SUMOylated protein levels were also observed in cystic human cholangiocytes in culture, which decreased after SAMe administration. Chronic treatment of polycystic (PCK: Pkdh1-mut) rats with SAMe halted hepatic cystogenesis and fibrosis, and reduced liver/body weight ratio and liver volume. Invitro, both SAMe and shRNA-mediated UBE2I knockdown increased apoptosis and reduced cell proliferation of cystic cholangiocytes. High-throughput proteomic analysis of SUMO1-immunoprecipitated proteins in cystic cholangiocytes identified candidates involved in protein biogenesis, ciliogenesis and proteasome degradation. Accordingly, SAMe hampered proteasome hyperactivity in cystic cholangiocytes, leading to activation of the unfolded protein response and stress-related apoptosis. CONCLUSIONS: Cystic cholangiocytes exhibit increased SUMOylation of proteins involved in cell survival and proliferation, thus promoting hepatic cystogenesis. Inhibition of protein SUMOylation with SAMe halts PLD, representing a novel therapeutic strategy. LAY SUMMARY: Protein SUMOylation is a dynamic post-translational event implicated in numerous cellular processes. This study revealed dysregulated protein SUMOylation in polycystic liver disease, which promotes hepatic cystogenesis. Administration of S-adenosylmethionine (SAMe), a natural UBC9-dependent SUMOylation inhibitor, halted polycystic liver disease in experimental models, thus representing a potential therapeutic agent for patients.Spanish Carlos III Health Institute (ISCIII) [J.M. Banales (FIS PI12/00380, PI15/01132, PI18/01075 and Miguel Servet Program CON14/00129 and CPII19/00008); M.J. Perugorria (FIS PI14/00399, PI17/00022 and PI20/00186); P.M. Rodrigues (Sara Borrell CD19/00254)] cofinanced by “Fondo Europeo de Desarrollo Regional” (FEDER); Ministerio de Ciencia, Innovación y Universidades (MICINN; M.L. Martinez-Chantar: SAF2017-87301-R); “Instituto de Salud Carlos III” [CIBERehd: J.M. Banales, M.J. Perugorria, M.L. Martinez-Chantar and L. Bujanda], Spain; “Diputación Foral Gipuzkoa” (J.M. Banales: DFG15/010, DFG16/004), Department of Health of the Basque Country (M.J. Perugorria: 2019111024, 2015111100 and J.M. Banales: 2017111010), “Euskadi RIS3” (J.M. Banales: 2016222001, 2017222014, 2018222029, 2019222054, 2020333010), BIOEF (Basque Foundation for Innovation and Health Research: EiTB Maratoia BIO15/CA/016/BD to J.M. Banales and M.L. Martinez-Chantar) and Department of Industry of the Basque Country (J.M. Banales: Elkartek: KK-2020/00008). La Caixa Scientific Foundation (J.M. Banales and M.L. Martinez-Chantar: HR17-00601). “Fundación Científica de la Asociación Española Contra el Cáncer” (AECC Scientific Foundation, to J.M. Banales and M.L. Martinez-Chantar). “Ayudas para apoyar grupos de investigación del Sistema Universitario Vasco” (IT971-16 to P.A.). Università Politecnica delle Marche PSA2017_UNIVPM grant (to M. Marzioni). National Institutes of Health (NIH) of United States of America (DK24031 to N.F. LaRusso). MJ Perugorria was funded by the Spanish Ministry of Economy and Competitiveness (MINECO: “Ramón y Cajal” Program RYC-2015-17755), P.Y. Lee-Law by the European Association for the Study of the Liver (EASL; Sheila Sherlock Award 2017), F.J. Caballero-Camino by the Spanish Ministry of Science and Innovation (BES-2014-069148), and P. Olaizola and A. Santos-Laso by the Basque Government (PRE_2016_1_0269, PRE_2015_1_0126). We thank MINECO for the Severo Ochoa Excellence Accreditation to CIC bioGUNE (SEV-2016-0644). The funding sources had no involvement in study design, data collection and analysis, decision to publish, or preparation of the article