El proceso de producción de la noticia en la prensa escrita: negociaciones en torno a la información económica

Tesis doctoral de Silvia Cañete, para optar al grado académico de Doctora en Comunicación Social por la Universidad Nacional de Córdoba. Fue dirigida por la Dra. Paulina Emanuelli y codirigida por la Dra. Mónica Viada. Fue presentada en el año 2016.El presente trabajo de tesis se ubica en el campo de estudio de la producción de la noticia en la prensa escrita. Tiene como principal propósito abordar las relaciones, acuerdos y tensiones que se establecen entre los distintos actores que intervienen en la generación, selección y tratamiento de la información periodística que trata temas económicos. Desde un enfoque cualitativo, se analizan los casos de los diarios La Unión, El Ancasti y El Esquiú de la provincia de Catamarca (Argentina) en el período comprendido entre septiembre de 2013 a febrero de 2014. El segmento temporal es significativo pues en octubre del 2013 tienen lugar los comicios para elegir representantes de la jurisdicción ante el Congreso Nacional y ello permite analizar diferencias y contrastes en la construcción de la noticia en contextos de campaña y en tiempos postelectorales. El corpus de estudio está conformado por artículos periodísticos seleccionados a partir de la técnica de análisis de contenido y por el registro de las relfexiones ofrecidas por periodistas, directivos de los diarios y agentes de prensa mediante entrevistas en profundidad. La investigación se focaliza en analizar las relaciones contractuales que asumen los sujetos participantes de este proceso, hacia adentro de las instituciones periodísticas y hacia afuera de ellas, particularmente las que configuran los diarios con las fuentes estatales. Para ello se toma el concepto de contrato mediático desarrollado desde los estudios del lenguaje por Patrick Charaudeau (2003, 2006) a fin de profundizar en las interacciones que se construyen en la dinámica productiva. Se pretende, en definitiva, explicar la naturaleza y las características que conforman esos contratos en tanto sirven de marco para el trabajo periodístico. En este sentido, también resultan valiosos los aportes de la perspectiva sociológica del Newsmaking, particularmente de Gaye Tuchman (1983) y algunas versiones desarrolladas en Argentina (Amado Suárez, 2010, 2014 y 2015; Arrueta, 2010; Martini y Luchessi, 2004) referidas a la noticia como resultado de una serie de negociaciones entre quienes participan de su elaboración. Además, los resultados de esta tesis resultan un aporte para la comprensión de los llamados diarios de "periferia" (Arrueta, 2010), es decir, aquellas publicaciones que no constituyen medios hegemónicos en el escenario nacional, pero que tienen relevancia en las provincias en las que se producen y circulan. En esas sociedades, el Estado se posiciona como un actor económico protagónico y es por ello que se pone especial atención en la conformación de estas relaciones que no siempre se hacen visibles ante los ciudadanos.Fil: Cañete, Silvia. Universidad Nacional de Córdoba; Facultad de Ciencias de la Comunicación; Argentina

Autoconcepto, autoestima y habilidades sociales en la adolescencia. Influencia de la educación emocional para la mejora de la base de las habilidades sociales

Estudio de la influencia de la autoestima y autoconcepto en el desarrollo de las habilidades sociales en sujetos de entre 12 y 14 años (primer ciclo de la Educación Secundaria Obligatoria) enmarcado en un contexto de acción tutorial que se desarrolla a partir de sesiones basadas en la educación emocional. Se propone como objetivos valorar la influencia que tienen el autoconcepto y la autoestima en el desarrollo de las habilidades sociales así como la influencia que tienen las sesiones de tutoría en la mejora de las variables anteriores. A la par se proponen un desarrollo experimental para recoger datos y una metodología para evaluar las relaciones propuestas entre las variables objeto de estudio

Perfil neuropsicológico pre y post rehabilitación de una adolescente tratada con radioterapia holocraneal

Burkitt no Hodgin estadío 4 con afectación en el SNC. Los tratamientos incluyeron, además de quimioterapia sistémica e intrarraquídea (LMB-89), radioterapia holocraneal (24Gy). En estudio de imagen se aprecian cambios de señal en sustancia blanca frontal relacionados con terapéutica. La paciente fue evaluada con el protocolo de evaluación neuropsicológica de nuestra Unidad. Este protocolo abarca múltiples funciones cognitivas, así como evaluación de alteraciones psicopatológicas. En septiembre de 2003 presentaba deterioro cognitivo prácticamente generalizado. La rehabilitación se realizó teniendo en cuenta este perfil, edad y las perspectivas e intereses de la paciente. Se decidió intervenir especialmente en habilidades académicas por el retraso respecto a su grupo de edad. La intervención se realizó durante 10 meses, 2 horas/semana. Incluyó: técnicas y hábitos de estudio, entrenamiento en habilidades académicas (aritmética, comprensión lectora y escritura), atención y memoria. Los resultados de la evaluación neuropsicológica en 2004 ofrecen cambios significativos, entre 1 y 2 desviaciones típicas, en las áreas trabajadas. Así mismo obtuvimos mejorías entre 12 y 19 puntos en cocientes intelectuales. La rehabilitación en oncología pediátrica supone atender a largo plazo las necesidades de nuestros pacientes. Además de potenciar los recursos en su entorno (escuela, familia, servicios sociales, etc.) queremos desarrollar intervenciones individualizadas que permitan paliar/compensar las secuelas del cáncer y sus tratamientos. Estos primeros resultados ofrecen mejoras significativas y cuantificables en las áreas intervenidas y son un primer indicador de la validez del proyecto

Benefits of Cultural Activities on People with Cognitive Impairment: A Meta-Analysis

Background: Museums and cultural institutions are increasingly aware of both the interests and needs of society. Accordingly, these institutions are becoming allies in terms of health and well-being due to the importance of their social functions. Presently, many institutions create cultural activities aimed at cognitively impaired people, a group on the rise owing to the prevalence of dementia and the aging of society. Nevertheless, scientific evidence in this field remains scarce. As a result, the main objective of this research was to empirically evaluate and identify the benefits that cultural interventions can bring to cognitively impaired participants. Method: A meta-analysis (MA) was performed following PRISMA guidelines. When inclusion and eligibility criteria had been established, articles were subsequently selected through a strategic search of Web of Science, SCOPUS, PubMed, and Medline. Results: Twenty-six studies met the eligibility criteria, involving a total of 1201 participants with cognitive impairment. The results showed a statistically non-significant effect size when analyzing these cultural interventions for cognitively impaired people overall. However, when conducting partial meta-analyses (MA'), focusing on studies related to a specific disease, a particular type of treatment, or a specific type of evaluation, the results concurred with the conclusion of the previous systematic review (SR). Conclusion: Despite the high heterogeneity of the studies, benefits were identified in emotional well-being and social aspects but not in clinical ones such as the deterioration of cognitive or motor function, among others

Antimicrobial Defined Daily Dose in Neonatal Population: Validation in the Clinical Practice

Antimicrobial consumption; Daily-defined dosage; Neonatal antimicrobial prescriptionConsum d'antimicrobians; Dosi diària definida; Prescripció antimicrobiana neonatalConsumo de antimicrobianos; Dosis diaria definida; Prescripción antimicrobiana neonatalBackground: Currently, there is no validated method for estimating antimicrobial consumption in the neonatal population, as it exists for adults using Defined Daily Doses (DDD). In neonatology, although there are different methods, each one with advantages and disadvantages, there is no unified criterion for use. The aim of this study is to validate the neonatal DDD designed as a new standardised form of antimicrobial consumption over this population. Methods: The validation of the neonatal DDD, Phase II of the research project, was carried out through a descriptive observational study. Periodic cut-offs were performed to collect antimicrobial prescriptions of neonates admitted to the neonatology and intensive care units of nine Spanish hospitals. The data collected included demographic variables (gestational age, postnatal age, weight and sex), antimicrobial dose, frequency and route of administration. The selection of the optimal DDD value takes into account power value, magnitude obtained from the differences in the DDD, statistical significance obtained by the Wilcoxon test and degree of agreement in the stipulated doses. Results: Set of 904 prescriptions were collected and finally 860 were analysed based on the established criteria. The antimicrobials were mostly prescribed in the intensive care unit (63.1%). 32 different antimicrobials were collected, and intravenous administration was the most commonly used route. Neonatal DDD were defined for 11 different antimicrobials. A potency > 80% was obtained in 7 antibiotics. The 57.1% of the selected DDD correspond to phase I and 21.4% from phase II. Conclusion: DDD validation has been achieved for the majority of intravenously administered antimicrobials used in clinical practice in the neonatal population. This will make it possible to have an indicator that will be used globally to estimate the consumption of antimicrobials in this population, thus confirming its usefulness and applicability.M.M.-T. received financial support from the Subprograma Río Hortega, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Subdirección General de Redes y Centros de Investigación Cooperativa, Ministerio de Ciencia, Innovación y Universidades, Spain (CM21/00115). The project has been carried out without financial funding but is supported by the Spanish Society of Hospital Pharmacy (SEFH), the Working Group on Pharmaceutical Care in Infectious Diseases of the SEFH (Afinf) and Spanish working group on paediatric pharmacy of the SEFH (gefp)

Skipped BSCL2 Transcript in Celia’s Encephalopathy (PELD): New Insights on Fatty Acids Involvement, Senescence and Adipogenesis

Objective PELD (Progressive Encephalopathy with or without Lipodystrophy or Celia’s Encephalopathy) is a fatal and rare neurodegenerative syndrome associated with the BSCL2 mutation c.985C>T, that results in an aberrant transcript without the exon 7 (Celia seipin). The aim of this study was to evaluate both the process of cellular senescence and the effect of unsaturated fatty acids on preadipocytes from a homozygous c.985C>T patient. Also, the role of aberrant seipin isoform on adipogenesis was studied in adipose-derived human mesenchymal stem cells. Material and methods Cellular senescence was evaluated using β-galactosidase staining of preadipocytes obtained from a homozygous c.985C>T patient. Moreover, these cells were cultured during 24 hours with Intralipid, a soybean oil-based commercial lipid emulsion. The expression of the different BSCL2 transcripts was measured by qPCR. Adipose-derived human mesenchymal stem cells were differentiated to a fat lineage using StemPRO adipogenesis kit, and the expression of BSCL2 transcripts and several adipogenesis-related genes was measured by qPCR. Results the treatment of preadipocytes with unsaturated fatty acids significantly reduced the expression of the BSCL2 transcript without exon 7 by 34 to 63%. On the other hand, at least in preadipocytes, this mutation does not disturb cellular senescence rate. Finally, during adipocyte differentiation of adipose-derived human mesenchymal stem cells, the expression of adipogenic genes (PPARG, LPIN1, and LPL) increased significantly over 14 days, and noteworthy is that the BSCL2 transcript without exon 7 was differentially expressed by 332 to 723% when compared to day 0, suggesting an underlying role in adipogenesis. Conclusions our results suggest that Celia seipin is probably playing an underestimated role in adipocyte maturation, but not in senescence, and its expression can be modified by exogenous factors as fatty acidsThis work was supported by the Instituto de Salud Carlos III and the European Regional Development Fund, FEDER (grants number PI10/02873 and PI13/00314, http://www.isciii.es/), ISCIII/PI13/00314/Cofinanciado FEDER and by the Consellería de Industria, Xunta de Galicia (grant number 10PXIB208013PR, http://www.xunta.es/). SRG was awarded a Research Fellowship, granted by the Asociación Española de Familiares y Afectados de Lipodistrofias (AELIP, http://www.aelip.org/). The funders had no role in study design, data collection and analysis, decision to publish, or preparation of the manuscriptS

Preclinical evaluation of PHH-1V vaccine candidate against SARS-CoV-2 in non-human primates

SARS-CoV-2 emerged in December 2019 and quickly spread worldwide, continuously striking with an unpredictable evolution. Despite the success in vaccine production and mass vaccination programs, the situation is not still completely controlled, and therefore accessible second-generation vaccines are required to mitigate the pandemic. We previously developed an adjuvanted vaccine candidate coded PHH-1V, based on a heterodimer fusion protein comprising the RBD domain of two SARS-CoV-2 variants. Here, we report data on the efficacy, safety, and immunogenicity of PHH-1V in cynomolgus macaques. PHH-1V prime-boost vaccination induces high levels of RBD-specific IgG binding and neutralizing antibodies against several SARS-CoV-2 variants, as well as a balanced Th1/Th2 cellular immune response. Remarkably, PHH-1V vaccination prevents SARS-CoV-2 replication in the lower respiratory tract and significantly reduces viral load in the upper respiratory tract after an experimental infection. These results highlight the potential use of the PHH-1V vaccine in humans, currently undergoing Phase III clinical trials.Anna Moya and Mireia Muntada for the ELISA analysis; Clara Panosa and Ester Puigvert for her assistance in the production of the vaccine antigen; Glòria Pujol and Eduard Fossas for their assistance in review of the manuscript; and Adrián Lázaro-Frías from Evidenze Health España S.L. for providing medical writing support during the preparation of this paper funded by Hipra Scientific, S.L.U. This project was partially funded by the Centre for the Development of Industrial Technology (CDTI, IDI20210115), a public organization answering to the Spanish Ministry of Science and Innovation.info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersio

Adaptation and validation of the Spanish version of the Strauss and Carpenter Prognostic Scale for Schizophrenia | Adaptación y validación Española de la Escala Pronóstica para la Esquizofrenia de Strauss y Carpenter

Introduction: The aim of this study was to validate the Spanish version of the Strauss and Carpenter Prognostic Scale for Schizophrenia (Strauss and Carpenter, 1977). Method: We performed a multicenter, longitudinal, descriptive study. Forward and backtranslation of the original scale was performed. The sample was composed of persons diagnosed with schizophrenia aged between 18 and 65 years. We calculated interrater reliability, construct validity according to the Global Assessment Scale (GAS), Satisfaction with Life Domains Scale (SLDS), the Global Clinical Impression-Schizophrenia (GCI) scale, The World Health. Organization Short Disability Assessment Schedule (WHO-DAS) and the Positive and Negative Syndrome Scale (PANSS), and predictive validity at the 1-year follow-up using three criterion measures of the GCI, WHO-DAS and GAS scales. Results: The internal consistency coefficient (Cronbach's alpha) was 0.70. The intraclass correlation coefficient ranged from 0.54 to 0.99, except for item 5 (resources for the current treatment), which was -0.13. The correlation between the distinct scales (measuring construct validity) was significant, with a p-value of < 0.01, except for the SLDS, which showed a higher p-value (p < 0.05). The Strauss-Carpenter score correlated with all three scores at 1 year (GCI, GAS and WHO-DAS) with an alpha of less than 0.01, showing good predictive validity. Conclusions: The Spanish adaptation of the Strauss and Carpenter prognostic scale is reliable and valid and allows a more severe disease course to be predicted. © 2009 Sociedad Española de Psiquiatría and Sociedad Española de Psiquiatría Biológica. Published by Elsevier España, S.L. All rights reserved.Peer Reviewe