46,189 research outputs found
A comparison of methods to evaluate energy expenditure of incubating wandering albatrosses
Measurements of incubation energetics can vary depending on the method used to measure metabolism of an incubating bird. Therefore, we evaluated the energy expenditure of six male and four female wandering albatrosses (Diomedea exulans Linnaeus) using doubly labeled water (DLW), the rate of mass loss, and estimates of metabolic water production derived from water influx rate (WIR). Incubation metabolic rates (IMR) determined with DLW ( 169 ± 21 kJ kg d SD) were significantly lower than estimates derived from mass loss ( 277 ± 46kJ kg d SD) and WIR ( males=289 ± 60 kJ kg d vs. females = 400 ± 69 kJ kg d SD). Estimates of IMR from f WIR were similar to IMR (305 ± 39 kJ kg d SD) determined by respirometry in a previous study, and IMR from DLW was similar to estimates based on heart rate (HR; 147 ± 26 kJ d SD) determined in another study. Ap- 147 26 plying the different measurements of IMR to construct an en-ergy budget, we estimate that a breeding pair of wandering albatrosses spends 124--234 MJ to incubate the egg for 78 d. Finally, IMRs determined with DLW and HR were similar
Monte Carlo Simulations of Ultrathin Magnetic Dots
In this work we study the thermodynamic properties of ultrathin ferromagnetic
dots using Monte Carlo simulations. We investigate the vortex density as a
function of the temperature and the vortex structure in monolayer dots with
perpendicular anisotropy and long-range dipole interaction. The interplay
between these two terms in the hamiltonian leads to an interesting behavior of
the thermodynamic quantities as well as the vortex density.Comment: 10 figure
Long-Time Behaviour and Self-Similarity in a Coagulation Equation with Input of Monomers
For a coagulation equation with Becker-Doring type interactions and
time-independent monomer input we study the detailed long-time behaviour of
nonnegative solutions and prove the convergence to a self-similar function.Comment: 30 pages, 5 Figures, now published in Markov Processes and Related
Fields 12, 367-398, (2006
Effective restoration of chiral and axial symmetries at finite temperature and density
The effective restoration of chiral and axial symmetries is investigated
within the framework of the SU(3) Nambu-Jona-Lasinio model. The topological
susceptibility, modeled from lattice data at finite temperature, is used to
extract the temperature dependence of the coupling strength of the anomaly. The
study of the scalar and pseudoscalar mixing angles is performed in order to
discuss the evolution of the flavor combinations of pairs and its
consequences for the degeneracy of chiral partners. A similar study at zero
temperature and finite density is also realized.Comment: 5 pages, 1 figure. Talk given at Strange Quark Matter 2004, Cape
Town, South Africa, 15-20 September, 200
Speckle interferometry at SOAR in 2019
The results of speckle interferometric observations at the 4.1 m Southern
Astrophysical Research Telescope (SOAR) in 2019 are given, totaling 2555
measurements of 1972 resolved pairs with separations from 15 mas (median 0.21")
and magnitude difference up to 6 mag, and non-resolutions of 684 targets. We
resolved for the first time 90 new pairs or subsystems in known binaries. This
work continues our long-term speckle program. Its main goal is to monitor
orbital motion of close binaries, including members of high-order hierarchies
and Hipparcos pairs in the solar neighborhood. We give a list of 127 orbits
computed using our latest measurements. Their quality varies from excellent (25
orbits of grades 1 and 2) to provisional (47 orbits of grades 4 and 5).Comment: Accepted by The Astronomical Journal. 10 pages, 5 Figures.
Measurements and non-resolutions, published electronically, are available
from the first author. arXiv admin note: substantial text overlap with
arXiv:1905.1043
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A database for the study of marine mammal behavior: Gap analysis, data standardization, and future directions
A relational database that contained published information on the diving behavior and/or movement patterns of marine mammals was compiled to facilitate a modeling effort of the Effects of Sound on the Marine Environment (ESME) program. A total of 448 references from reports, books, and peer-reviewed journal articles were obtained. The metadata describing each animal studied, location of the study, and equipment used were entered into the database as well as empirical data describing the diving behavior and movement patterns of each animal. In total, the database contained 1815 entries from 51 different marine mammal species or subspecies. The majority of animals were seals and sea lions with 1560 entries from 29 individual species. More than half the number of animals studied were from high latitude regions (e.g., Arctic and Antarctic). Other problem areas identified were: 1) Data reduction in summaries, 2) inability to easily summarize qualitative and quantitative data, and 3) lack of standardization in data reporting. A solution is to create a common access data archive where researchers contribute raw published or unpublished geospatially referenced data sets. This would improve access to original data sets with large volumes of data, which, overall, enhances the power to develop robust behavioral or ecological models that could help define critical habitats of marine mammals
Distribution patterns of deep-sea benthopelagic fish off the Algarve coast (Portugal)
The present study characterises and compares the structure and diversity of the deep-sea benthopelagic ichthyofauna off the southern Portuguese coast, according to the biomass values -in kg/(nautical mile)²- of ten teleost and seven chondrichthyan species. The differences between the biomass of benthopelagic species were assessed by depth interval and sampling season. It seems clear that even at 100 m depth intervals there are differences within the fish assemblages, and that a few species make most of the contribution to such differences. No traces of seasonality or even differences between the sampling years have been found. There is a separation between slope habitats from 400-700 m depth and deeper ones, determined by a change in fish communities.Se han caracterizado y comparado la estructura y la diversidad de la ictiofauna nectobentónica de los fondos oceánicos de la costa sur de Portugal a partir de los valores de biomasa -en kg/(milla náutica)²- de diez especies de teleósteos y siete especies de condrictios. Las diferencias de biomasa entre las distintas especies nectobentónicas encontradas fueron determinadas por intervalos de profundidad y épocas de muestreo. Los resultados vienen a demostrar que, incluso por intervalos de profundidad de 100 m, hay diferencias significativas entre las comunidades de peces, y que hay algunas especies que contribuyen en la mayoría de estas diferencias. Sin embargo, no se pudo encontrar ninguna diferencia significativa entre épocas y tampoco entre los años de muestreo. Existe una separación entre los tipos de habitat del talud entre 400-700 m de profundidad y otros situados en zonas más profundas, resultado de un cambio en las comunidades piscícolas.Instituto Español de Oceanografí
Pseudoscalars Mesons in Hot, Dense Matter
Phase transitions in hot and dense matter and the in--medium behavior of
pseudoscalar mesons () are investigated, in the framework of the three flavor Nambu--Jona-Lasinio
model, including the 't Hooft interaction, which breaks the symmetry.
Three different scenarios are considered: zero density and finite temperature,
zero temperature and finite density in quark matter with different degrees of
strangeness, and finite temperature and density. At T=0, the role of strange
valence quarks in the medium is discussed, in connection with the phase
transition and the mesonic behavior. It is found that the appearance of strange
quarks, above certain densities, leads to meaningful changes in different
observables, especially in matter with \betaT-\rho$ plane is analyzed in connection with possible signatures
of restoration of symmetries.Comment: 33 pages, 12 figures, PRC versio
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