814 research outputs found
Adição de conservantes em atrativos alimentares a base de proteína vegetal e horário de busca para monitoramento de adultos de mosca-das-frutas (Diptera: Tephritidae).
Dissertação (Mestrado Fitossanidade) - Programa de Pós-Graduação em Fitossanidade, Faculdade de Agronomia Eliseu Maciel, Universidade Federal de Pelotas. Orientador: Dori Edson Nava (CPACT); Coorientador: Daniel Bernardi
The constant-velocity highly collimated outflows of the planetary nebula He 2-90
We present high-dispersion echelle spectroscopic observations and a
narrow-band [N II] image of the remarkable jet-like features of He 2-90. They
are detected in the echelle spectra in the H-alpha and [N II] lines but not in
other nebular lines. The [N II]/H-alpha ratio is uniformly high, ~1. The
observed kinematics reveals bipolar collimated outflows in the jet-like
features and shows that the southeast (northwest) component expands towards
(away from) the observer at a remarkably constant line-of-sight velocity,
26.0+-0.5 km/s. The observed expansion velocity and the opening angle of the
jet-like features are used to estimate an inclination angle of ~5 degrees with
respect to the sky plane and a space expansion velocity of ~290 km/s. The
spectrum of the bright central nebula reveals a profusion of Fe lines and
extended wings of the H-alpha line, similar to those seen in symbiotic stars
and some young planetary nebulae that are presumed to host a mass-exchanging
binary system. If this is the case for He 2-90, the constant velocity and
direction of the jets require a very stable dynamic system against precession
and warping.Comment: 8 pages (emulate ApJ), 5 figure, 1 tabl
A collimated, ionized bipolar structure and a high density torus in the young planetary nebula IRAS 17347-3139
We present observations of continuum (lambda = 0.7, 1.3, 3.6 and 18 cm) and
OH maser (lambda = 18 cm) emission toward the young planetary nebula IRAS
17347-3139, which is one of the three planetary nebulae that are known to
harbor water maser emission. From the continuum observations we show that the
ionized shell of IRAS 17347-3139 consists of two main structures: one extended
(size ~1". 5) with bipolar morphology along PA=-30 degrees, elongated in the
same direction as the lobes observed in the near-infrared images, and a central
compact structure (size ~0". 25) elongated in the direction perpendicular to
the bipolar axis, coinciding with the equatorial dark lane observed in the
near-infrared images. Our image at 1.3 cm suggests the presence of dense walls
in the ionized bipolar lobes. We estimate for the central compact structure a
value of the electron density at least ~5 times higher than in the lobes. A
high resolution image of this structure at 0.7 cm shows two peaks separated by
about 0". 13 (corresponding to 100-780 AU, using a distance range of 0.8-6
kpc). This emission is interpreted as originating in an ionized equatorial
torus-like structure, from whose edges the water maser emission might be
arising. We have detected weak OH 1612 MHz maser emission at VLSR ~ -70 km/s
associated with IRAS 17347-3139. We derive a 3 sigma upper limit of < 35% for
the percentage of circularly polarized emission. Within our primary beam, we
detected additional OH 1612 MHz maser emission in the LSR velocity ranges -5 to
-24 and -90 to -123 km/s, associated with the sources 2MASS J17380406-3138387
and OH 356.65-0.15, respectively.Comment: 26 pages, 8 figures. Accepted for publication in Ap
The physical structure of the point-symmetric and quadrupolar planetary nebula NGC 6309
We analyse the point-symmetric planetary nebula NGC 6309 in terms of its
three-dimensional structure and of internal variations of the physical
conditions to deduce the physical processes involved in its formation. We used
VLA-D 3.6-cm continuum, ground-based, and HST-archive imaging as well as long
slit high- and low-dispersion spectroscopy. The low-dispersion spectra indicate
a high excitation nebula, with low to medium variations of its internal
physical conditions. In the optical images, the point-symmetric knots show a
lack of [NII] emission as compared with similar features previously known in
other PNe. A rich internal structure of the central region is seen in the HST
images, resembling a deformed torus. Long slit high-dispersion spectra reveal a
complex kinematics in the central region. The spectral line profiles from the
external regions of NGC 6309 indicate expanding lobes (~40 km/s) as those
generally found in bipolar nebulae. Finally, we have found evidence for the
presence of a faint halo, possibly related to the envelope of the AGB-star
progenitor. Our data indicate that NGC 6309 is a quadrupolar nebula with two
pairs of bipolar lobes whose axes are oriented PA=40 and PA=76. Equatorial and
polar velocities for these two pairs of lobes are 29 and 86 km/s for the
bipolar system at PA=40 and 25 and 75 km/s for the bipolar system at PA=76.
There is also a central torus that is expanding at 25 km/s. Kinematical age for
all these structures is around 3700 to 4000 yr. We conclude that NGC 6309 was
formed by a set of well-collimated bipolar outflows (jets), which were ejected
in the initial stages of its formation as a planetary nebula. These jets carved
the bipolar lobes in the previous AGB wind and their remnants are now observed
as the point-symmetric knots tracing the edges of the lobes.Comment: To be published in Astronomy & Astrophysics; 11 pages, 8 figures, 4
table
Search hours for food attractant by Anastrepha fraterculus and Ceratitis capitata (Diptera: Tephritidae) adults in guava orchards.
Anastrepha fraterculus (Wiedemann, 1830) and Ceratitis capitata (Wiedemann, 1824) are considered the main pests of Brazilian fruit production. Understanding the behavior of species is of great importance for the success of management strategies. This study was to determine the period and search time by attractive food for A. fraterculus and C. capitata adults by using three commercial food attractants: BioAnastrepha™ 5%; Isca Samaritá Tradicional™ 5% and Ceratrap™ 1.5%. The largest catches of A. fraterculus and C. capitata adults in McPhail traps occurred during the day between 6:30 am and 6:30 pm for both species. The BioAnastrepha™ food attractant provided the largest catches compared to Isca Samaritá Tradicional™ and Ceratrap™. In addition, there was a higher prevalence of capturing females than males, for both flies’ species. The period of largest search activity for food attractant was observed from 12h:31 pm to 04:30 pm for A. fraterculus and C. capitata, time of greatest temperature on the day. The definition of the period of largest activity of A. fraterculus and C. capitata adults in the field helps in the elaboration of management strategies to be adopted
Effects of drying and pretreatment on the nutritional and functional quality of raisins
The close relationship between the consumption of fruits and health status stems from the nutritional and non-nutritional compounds found in fruits which play a key role in the prevention of different diseases. However, fruit processing and storage greatly affect fruit compounds. The aim of the present work was to study the influence of processing on the stability of macro and micronutrients present in grapes, with a view to recommending products that provide the highest nutritional quality and the best health conditions. The study focused on fruit dehydration treatments. Conventional and microwave-assisted air-drying processes were used to obtain raisins. Dehydration caused a decrease of all grape compounds studied excluding total phenols. Moreover, compared to conventional processing, microwave-assisted drying produced greater losses of ascorbic acid in the grape and increased pectin solubilization with a consequent change in texture. However the microwave-dehydrated samples showed higher antioxidant activity. © 2011 The Institution of Chemical Engineers.The translation of this paper was funded by the Universidad Politecnica de Valencia.Carranza Concha, J.; Benlloch Tinoco, M.; Camacho Vidal, MM.; Martínez Navarrete, N. (2012). Effects of drying and pretreatment on the nutritional and functional quality of raisins. Food and Bioproducts Processing. 90(2):243-248. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.fbp.2011.04.002S24324890
Comparison of fiber effect on glycemic index and glycemic load in differents types of bread
Indexación: Scopus; Redalyc.Existen diversos alimentos que contienen como nutriente
principal hidratos de carbono, destacando entre ellos el pan
por su masivo consumo a nivel mundial. Numerosos estudios
se han llevado a cabo con el fin de reducir su índice glicémico,
sin embargo, aún existe controversia sobre la acción de
la fibra dietética en la disminución del IG en este alimento.
Este estudio determinó el efecto de la fibra dietética sobre el
índice glicémico y carga glicémica en dos tipos de panes comerciales
en 23 individuos sanos quienes consumieron aleatoriamente
3 diferentes productos, de 50 g de carbohidratos
cada uno, durante 6 días: pan blanco (PH), pan integral (PF),
y solución glucosada como producto de referencia (SG). Se
midió glicemia en ayunas y post-prandial a los tiempos 15,
30, 45, 60, 90 y 120 min. La insulina fue medida en el minuto
0 y 120 min. El área bajo la curva de glicemia resultó
más baja para ambos tipos de pan PH 13589 ±1557, PF
12005 ±1254 que para el producto de referencia SG 14089
±1245. Los valores del índice glicémico PH 68,55 ±1,2 y PF
62,10 ±1,3 y carga glicémica PH 16,45 ±1,4 resultaron más
bajos para el pan con mayor aporte de fibra 9,93 ± 1,1, sin
diferencias en la concentración de insulina, sugiriendo que
la cantidad de carbohidratos y tipo de fibra contenidos en el
pan integral, pueden considerarse factores intrínsecos en su
composición nutricional, capaces de afectar la respuesta glicémica
post- ingesta de estos productos en individuos sanos.There are several foods that contain carbohydrates as the
main nutrient, being one of the most important the bread for
its massive worldwide consumption. Numerous studies have
been done in order to reduce its glycemic index, however
there is still controversy about the action of dietary fiber in the
decrease of GI in this product. In this study, it was determined
the effect of dietetic fiber on glycemic index and glycemic load
in two types of commercial breads in 23 healthy individuals
who randomly consumed 3 different products during 6 days
of 50g of carbohydrates each: white bread (PH), whole wheat
bread (PE) and glucose solution as reference product (SG).
Fasting and postprandial glycemia was measured at times
15, 30, 45, 60, 90 and 120 minutes. Insuline was measured
at 0 min and 120 min. The area under de glycemia curve
was lower for both bread types PH 13589 ±1557, PF 12005
±1254 than for the reference product SG 14089 ±1245. The
values of the glycemic index PH 68,55 ±1,2 and PF 62,01
±1,3 and glycemic load PH 16.45 ±1,4 were lower for bread
with more amount fiber 9,93 ± 1,1, with no difference in insulin
concentration, suggesting that the amount of carbohydrates
and fiber type contained in whole wheat bread can
be considered intrinsic factors in bread composition, affecting
the post-intake glycemic response of this type of products in
healthy individuals.http://www.redalyc.org/articulo.oa?id=5594990800
Molecular epidemiology of seal parvovirus, 1988-2014
A novel parvovirus was discovered recently in the brain of a harbor seal (Phoca vitulina) with chronic meningo-encephalitis. Phylogenetic analysis of this virus indicated that it belongs to the genus Er
Spatial and temporal dispersion of Doryctobracon areolatus (Szépligeti) (Hymenoptera: Braconidae) in orchards infested with Anastrepha fraterculus (Wiedemann) (Diptera: Tephritidae).
Doryctobracon areolatus (Szépligeti) is an endoparasitoid and promising fruit fly control agent. The objective of the study was to determine the spatial (horizontal and vertical) and temporal dispersion of D. areolatus in the field. To evaluate the horizontal and temporal dispersion, two peach orchards were selected. In each orchard, 50 points were marked at different distances from the central point, from where 4,100 couples of D. areolatus were released. Four hours after release, parasitism units (PU) (3 per point) were fixed to the trees at a height of 1.5 m from the ground. The PUs were composed of ripe apples artificially infested with second instar larvae of Anastrepha fraterculus (30 larvae/fruit). For the evaluation of vertical dispersion, in an olive orchard six points were selected (trees of ≈4 m in height). Each tree was divided into three heights in relation to the ground (1.17, 2.34, and 3.51 m). Doryctobracon areolatus was able to disperse horizontally at a distance >60 m from the release point. However, the highest parasitism rates [15–45% (area 1); 15–27% (area 2)] were observed up to 25 m. Higher percentages of parasitism and of recovered offspring occur in the first days after the release of the parasitoid (2 DAR). As for vertical dispersion, D. areolatus parasitized A. fraterculus larvae up to the highest attachment height of the evaluated PUs (3.51). The results showed the potential use of D. areolatus in the management of fruit flies in the field.Online first. Accepted on 1 June 2023
Effect of oat β-glucan on glycemic index and glycemic load of a nutritional supplement sweetened with sucralose in healthy adults: A randomized clinical trial
Indexación: Scopus; RedalycLas propiedades hipoglicemiantes del β-glucano de avena
son de interés para la industria alimentaria y el área clínica,
por sus potenciales beneficios sobre la salud al disminuir la
respuesta glicémica, el nivel sérico de lipoproteínas de baja
densidad y el índice glicémico de los alimentos. Existen suplementos
nutricionales específicos para diabéticos edulcorados
con sucralosa cuyo índice glicémico y carga glicémica
aún no han sido establecidos. El efecto del β-glucano de
avena sobre el índice glicémico y carga glicémica de un suplemento
nutricional edulcorado con sucralosa, fue determinado
en 13 adultos sanos (6 hombres y 7 mujeres), quienes
consumieron aleatoriamente 4 alimentos en días distintos, de
50 g de carbohidratos cada uno: suplemento nutricional para
diabéticos (FN), suplemento nutricional con β-glucano (FN-
β), y como productos de referencia: solución glucosada (SG)
y pan blanco (PB). Se midió glicemia en ayunas y post- prandial
a los tiempos 15, 30, 45, 60, 90 y 120 min. El área bajo
la curva de glicemia resultó más baja para ambas fórmulas
(FN) 12697±993, (FN-β) 11584 ±1171, que para los productos
de referencia:(SG) 13900±1245, y (PB) 13267 ± 1557.
Los valores de índice glicémico (FN) 67,02 ± 5,69, así como
la carga glicémica resultaron intermedios y más bajos para el
suplemento con β-glucano incorporado (FN –β) 59,8 ± 6,2;
sin diferencias en la concentración de insulina, sugiriendo
que la adición del β-glucano derivado de la avena reduce la
velocidad de absorción intestinal de la glucosa, efecto que
podría estudiarse en diabéticos.The hypoglycemic properties of oat β-glucan is of interest
for the food industry and clinical area, for potencial health
benefits by reducing glycemic response, serum low-density
lipoprotein cholesterol, and glycemic index of meals. There
are specific nutritional supplements for diabetics sweetened
with sucralose whose glycemic index and glycemic load has
not been established. Effect of oat β-glucan on glycemic
index and glycemic load of a nutritional supplement sweetened
with sucralose in healthy adults was determined in 13
healthy subjects (6 men and 7 women) old that consumed
randomly 4 meals of 50 g of carbohydrates each in different
days: a nutritional supplement for diabetics (FN), the nutritional
supplement with β-glucan incorporated (FN-β) and two
reference food, glucose solution (SG) and white bread (PB).
Fasting and postprandial glycemia was measured at times
15, 30, 45, 60, 90 and 120 min. The area under the glycemia
curve was lower for both formulas (FN) 12697±993, (FN-β)
11584 ±1171 than for reference products (SG) 13900±1245,
y (PB) 13267 ± 1557. The values of glycemic index (GI) (FN)
67, 02 ± 5,69 and glycemic load were intermediate and more
lower for the supplement with β-glucan incorporated (FN –β)
59, 8 ± 6,2, with no difference of insulin concentration . Suggesting
that the addition of oat-derived β-glucan reduces the
rate of intestinal absorption of glucose. This effect should be
studied in diabetic.http://www.redalyc.org/articulo.oa?id=5594990800
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