Trading Friendship for Value: An Investigation of Collective Privacy Concerns in Social Application Usage

Online social applications do not only acquire individuals’ personal information but also at times collect the personal information of an individual’s social networks. Despite the importance of protecting collective privacy, this topic has received little attention in the information system community. To fill this gap in the literature, this article focuses on three unique issues pertinent to collective privacy. First, drawing on the Communication Privacy Management theory, we offer a theoretical framework on the dimensionality of collective privacy concerns (CPC). Second, we propose to operationalize the three dimensions of CPC using a second-order reflective construct, and we plan to develop a scale for it. Third, we identify antecedents of CPC pertinent to the context of social application usage and propose to test a research model on the relationships between these antecedents and CPC as well as the downstream effect on behavioral intentions

THREE ESSAYS ON INFORMATION PRIVACY IN ONLINE SOCIAL AND COMMERCIAL CONTEXTS

Ph.DDOCTOR OF PHILOSOPH

SUSTAINABILITYAND GROWTH OFONLINE KNOWLEDGE COMMUNITIES: EXAMINING THE IMPORTANCE OFPERCEIVED COMMUNITYSUPPORTAND PERCEIVED LEADER SUPPORT

Voluntary behaviors (i.e., knowledge contribution and word of mouth) are important to the sustainability and growth of online knowledge communities. Although previous studies have identified various factors leading to knowledge contribution and related behaviors, the underlying psychological processes have rarely been examined. In particular, previous studies have not examined how characteristics of online knowledge communities influence voluntary behaviors through support perception. This study aims to fill the gap in the literature by developing and testing a model to explain voluntary behaviors in online knowledge communities. To develop the research model, we drew on theories of justice, organizational support, and citizenship behavior to explain the influence of characteristics of online knowledge communities on individuals\u27 voluntary behaviors through their perceptions of support from the community and the leader. The research model was tested on survey data collected from 214 online knowledge community users. The results largely supported our model. In particular, we found that pro-sharing norm and information need fulfillment affect perceived community support. Perceived recognition from leader and perceived co-presence of leader affect perceived leader support. Additionally, perceived community support was found to be important in shaping knowledge contribution and word of mouth. Perceived leader support was found to influence individuals\u27 knowledge contribution behavior. Theoretical and Practical implications are discussed

Tell me, show me, involve me: Supercharging Collaborative Diagnosis with Augmented Reality

Augmented reality has been broadly employed to help remote individuals communicate and coordinate. In this study, we develop and test a model that explains how augmented reality can facilitate collaborative diagnosis on an unexpected technical breakdown involving two complete strangers. Drawing on the affordance theory, we integrate the dual-task interference literature to reveal frustration valence and arousal as the underlying mechanisms. We tested our hypothesis in a laboratory experiment involving a custom-built augmented reality environment and physiological measurements. Overall, this study contributes to information system literature, human-computer interaction literature, and dual-task interference research by unearthing the effects of augmented reality characteristics on enhancing collaborative diagnosis performance

Democratic innovations as a party tool: A comparative analysis of nuclear energy public participation in Taiwan and South Korea

[[abstract]]Our paper critically assesses the trajectories of nuclear energy policy-making in Taiwan and South Korea through the lens of state-led democratic innovation. Nuclear energy is as controversial as the associated decision-making highly political, raising concerns with democratic participation. Generally, deliberative polls and referenda are considered more bottom-up and grassroots approaches to resolving complex energy issues. In Taiwan and South Korea, however, the state plays a key role in deciding what issues and decisions should be debated, and exercises control over the interpretation of the results. The strong state and centralised decision-making over energy policy means the processes in Taiwan and Korea differ markedly from Western energy transitions. These approaches not only undermine the credibility of the participatory process and the quality of civic engagement, but further polarise public opinion. The overall aim in producing this paper is to identify the how democratic participation differs between established Western democracies and East Asia's new democracies, and to investigate how deliberative polls and referenda were used not as a means to reflect public opinions on energy policy, but as a conduit for political actors to promote their own political agendas.[[sponsorship]]Academia Sinica AS-KPQ-106- DDPP[[notice]]補正完

Robust estimation of bacterial cell count from optical density

Optical density (OD) is widely used to estimate the density of cells in liquid culture, but cannot be compared between instruments without a standardized calibration protocol and is challenging to relate to actual cell count. We address this with an interlaboratory study comparing three simple, low-cost, and highly accessible OD calibration protocols across 244 laboratories, applied to eight strains of constitutive GFP-expressing E. coli. Based on our results, we recommend calibrating OD to estimated cell count using serial dilution of silica microspheres, which produces highly precise calibration (95.5% of residuals <1.2-fold), is easily assessed for quality control, also assesses instrument effective linear range, and can be combined with fluorescence calibration to obtain units of Molecules of Equivalent Fluorescein (MEFL) per cell, allowing direct comparison and data fusion with flow cytometry measurements: in our study, fluorescence per cell measurements showed only a 1.07-fold mean difference between plate reader and flow cytometry data

Impact of opioid-free analgesia on pain severity and patient satisfaction after discharge from surgery: multispecialty, prospective cohort study in 25 countries

Background: Balancing opioid stewardship and the need for adequate analgesia following discharge after surgery is challenging. This study aimed to compare the outcomes for patients discharged with opioid versus opioid-free analgesia after common surgical procedures.Methods: This international, multicentre, prospective cohort study collected data from patients undergoing common acute and elective general surgical, urological, gynaecological, and orthopaedic procedures. The primary outcomes were patient-reported time in severe pain measured on a numerical analogue scale from 0 to 100% and patient-reported satisfaction with pain relief during the first week following discharge. Data were collected by in-hospital chart review and patient telephone interview 1 week after discharge.Results: The study recruited 4273 patients from 144 centres in 25 countries; 1311 patients (30.7%) were prescribed opioid analgesia at discharge. Patients reported being in severe pain for 10 (i.q.r. 1-30)% of the first week after discharge and rated satisfaction with analgesia as 90 (i.q.r. 80-100) of 100. After adjustment for confounders, opioid analgesia on discharge was independently associated with increased pain severity (risk ratio 1.52, 95% c.i. 1.31 to 1.76; P < 0.001) and re-presentation to healthcare providers owing to side-effects of medication (OR 2.38, 95% c.i. 1.36 to 4.17; P = 0.004), but not with satisfaction with analgesia (beta coefficient 0.92, 95% c.i. -1.52 to 3.36; P = 0.468) compared with opioid-free analgesia. Although opioid prescribing varied greatly between high-income and low- and middle-income countries, patient-reported outcomes did not.Conclusion: Opioid analgesia prescription on surgical discharge is associated with a higher risk of re-presentation owing to side-effects of medication and increased patient-reported pain, but not with changes in patient-reported satisfaction. Opioid-free discharge analgesia should be adopted routinely

Responses to Social Predicament on Online Social Networks

Although online social network (OSN) users are expected to respond in various ways to online social predicaments created by others, little attention has been paid thus far to systematically understand users’ responses. This paper has two specific goals in its effort to fill this gap in the literature. The first is to develop a classification of online predicament responses (OPR). This classification consists of two main types of responses – avoidance behavior and approach behavior. Our second goal is to test this classification with three salient antecedents, namely general privacy concerns, face threat, and network closeness, and to show how the antecedents differentially affect the two types of OPR. The research model is tested with data collected from 60 OSN users. The results indicate that the two types of OPR are the key responses users engaged in response to online social predicaments. Overall, this paper contributes by proposing a classification of social predicament responses pertinent to the context of online social networking