Comparative study of pap smear and microbiological pattern in bacterial vaginosis

Background: Bacterial vaginosis is the most common cause of vaginal discharge among women in reproductive age group. It is characterized by an increased vaginal pH and loss of normal lactobacilli and overgrowth of anaerobes like Gardnerella vaginalis and other gram-negative rods. Purpose of this study is to compare the characteristics of pap smear and microbiological pattern in patients with abnormal vaginal discharge.Methods: The study was conducted in the Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics of Rajarajeswari Medical College and Hospital (RRMCH) Bangalore, India. All patients with vaginal discharge were included in the study. Vaginal discharge samples were sent to gram staining, culture and pap smear examination.Results: Of the 52 patients, 18 patients (34.6%) showed positive for bacterial vaginosis according to Nugent’s score. Of the 18 patients with positive Gram stains, 8 of them were positive for bacterial vaginosis according to pap’s smear (44%) and 10 had negative pap smears. In our study, of the 18 patients with positive Gram stains, 14 (77%) of them were positive for bacterial vaginosis according to culture.Conclusions: In the present study we found out that correlation of gram stain and pap smear was 44% whereas correlation of gram stain and culture was 77%. Hence, we conclude that gram stain and culture are preferred for the diagnosis of bacterial vaginosis rather than the pap smear evaluation

A Novel method for user authentication by CaRP And Login History

Cyber security is the main challenge nowadays. Many authentication techniques are available for these, for unwanted access for more secure data is prohibited. Graphical and text password are used for user authentication process. Sometimes text passwords are not secured and graphical password are more secure but vulnerable to shoulders surfing attack. The click event on various points for user friend-lines and protection from various security attacks. In system, login history image file combined CaRP for user authentication to enhancing the more security level primitives .The image file contain details of login and logout for date, time all related information. The file is encrypted by DES algorithm and send that file on mail. It is higher security primitives for the user. online guessing attack, relay attacks and if combined with dual technology for shoulder surfing attack are new concepts are available. DOI: 10.17762/ijritcc2321-8169.15075

Login History and CaRP for User Authentication

Password is main vulnerability in computer security. Passwords are commonly guessed by machine programs running dictionary attacks. Passwords main used for the authentication method in spite of security weaknesses. User authentication obviously practical issue. According to the view of a service provider this problem needs to be resolved within real-world constraints such as the available hardware and software infrastructures. According to user’s view user friendliness is a basic requirement Click based graphical password scheme provides a different approach to address the familiar image hotspot problem. Graphical password systems such as PassPoints, that frequently leads to weak password choices. So to provide user friend-liness and also the protection from various security attacks. In this, graphical password scheme, the click event is performed on various points on same or different images. DOI: 10.17762/ijritcc2321-8169.15064

Nutritional and Roti Quality of Sorghum Genotypes

Sorghum grains are mostly used for the roti preparation. The M 35-1 (Maldhandi) a sorghum cultivar is known for its good quality of roti due to having pearly white grain color, its flour having higher water holding capacity, and good organoleptic taste. However, this cultivar is low yielder. To evolve sorghum high yielding genotype coupled with this good roti qualities, systematic breeding program was planned and executed to overcome this problem. Twenty local land races, 92 genotypes, and seven improved cultivars of sorghum along with check M 35-1 were studied for various nutritional quality parameters, with special reference to the roti quality. Considering nutritional quality and organoleptic evaluation parameters studied for roti quality, the local land races viz., RSLG 428-1, RSLG 1238, RSLG 1275 and the genotypes viz., RSV 290, RSV 292, RSV 858, RSV 859, RSV 861, RSV 868, RSV 894, RSV 985, RSV 992, RSV 995, RSV 999 were found to be promising for protein, sugar, water absorption, and soluble protein content. Therefore, they can be used for further improvement in nutritional quality through breeding program. Among the improved cultivars, Phule Vasudha (RSV 423), CSV 22, and Phule Chitra (SPV 1546) werefound to be most promising for roti quality. The maximum score for overall acceptability was found for Phule Vasudha followed by Phule Anuradha (RSV 458), Phule Yeshoda (RSLG 262), and Phule Maulee (CSV 216)

Bumper catch of silver pomfret Pampus argenteus at Satpati, Bombay

The article provies details about heavy catches of silver pomfret Pampus argenteus within a span of four days at Satpati, a fishing village in Thane District in Maharashtra during 1987

Ankle brachial pressure index to assess atherosclerotic risk in hypertensive subjects

Background: This research was planned to study correlation of ankle brachial pressure index (ABPI) with clinical features, laboratory investigations and anthropometric measurements in patients of essential hypertension and to establish association of atherosclerosis risk in hypertensive subject.Methods: This prospective observational year-long study was conducted after the institutional ethics committee approval in outpatient department of a tertiary care hospital. 153 adult non-pregnant patients were enrolled after written informed consent. Out of these, 51 patients each were of stage I hypertension, stage II hypertension and normal blood pressure. The ABPI were measured in the posterior tibial arteries using a Doppler ultrasound probe. The detailed demographic and anthropometric data was entered in proforma and data statistically analyzed.Results: In our study 28 (55%) out of 51 patients in stage II Hypertension had low ABPI as compared to 23 (45%) out of 51 patients in stage I Hypertension. No patients with normal blood pressure had low ABPI. There is significant correlation of stage of hypertension and ABPI (p <0.001). Mean ABPI (0.9102) in stage II hypertensive was low as compared to stage I hypertensive (0.9124) and normotensive subjects (1.0263). ABPI was inversely correlated with lipid profile. The hypertensive subjects with duration of hypertension for more than 5 years, the mean ABPI was significantly lower (0.8773) than those hypertensive subjects who had duration of hypertension less than 5 years (0.9526) (p 0.001).Conclusions: ABPI proves to be a non-invasive, bed side modality to assess the atherosclerotic risk in hypertensive patients.

Non-adherence to anti- diabetic therapy and its consequences among type-2 diabetic patients in a tertiary care hospital

Background: Despite the extensive therapy options available for various stages of type 2 diabetes, studies have indicated that less than 50% of patients achieve the glycemic goals. Failure to attain the desired therapeutic goal might be related to inadequate adherence. Objectives of present study were to determine the extent of non-adherence to antidiabetic medications and identify reasons for the same.Methods: A cross-sectional, observational, questionnaire-based study was conducted to assess the level of non-adherence to antidiabetic therapy among type 2 diabetics attending medicine outpatient department or admitted to the wards of a tertiary care hospital from Jan 2015 to Jan 2016. A pretested and validated questionnaire was used to assess the level of adherence. Reasons for missing medications were also elicited. Data thus collected was analysed using a suitable statistical software.Results: Out of the 210 study participants, 55.2% were females. Most participants were in the age group of 51-60. The mean duration of diabetes was 8.17± 5.39. The most common diabetes-related complication was Diabetic Keto Acidosis (DKA), followed by diabetic foot ulcer. The average number of drugs per prescription was 1.98 ± 1.05. Poor glycemic control was observed in 58% and non-adherence to treatment in 45.2% of study participants.Conclusions: Good adherence to antidiabetic therapy is fundamental for good glycemic control which in turn prevents the occurrence of short and long-term complications of diabetes. Poor doctor-patient intercommunication and inadequacy on part of physicians to adjust medications negatively affect adherence. Active participation of the patient is also equally important

Molecular characterisation of viruses from Kiwifruit

In 2003 Apple stem grooving virus was discovered in Actinidia accessions from China, being held in quarantine in Auckland. Subsequent examination of kiwifruit germplasm from the same source has detected several additional viruses, including a ~300 nm rigid rod related to Ribgrass mosaic virus (Tobamovirus), a 700-750 nm flexuous virus related to Citrus leaf blotch virus (Flexiviridae) and a novel vitivirus. Currently these viruses have not been reported from commercial kiwifruit crops in New Zealand or elsewhere. The biological properties of the viruses from kiwifruit and their phylogenetic relationships with similar viruses from other plants will be described, and the possible implications for the international movement of Actinidia germplasm are discussed

Variability Studies in Soybean [Glycine max (L.) Merrill]

   Genetic variability, heritability and genetic advance were studied for thirty genotypes of soybean sown in RBD with three replications and data was analysed for eleven quantitative characters. It was observed that high amount of genetic variability with high heritability was present for most of the yield components studied