Direct observation of Cr magnetic order in CoCrTa and CoCrPt thin films

Magnetic circular dichroism measurements of room temperature, sputter deposited Co86Cr12Ta2 and CoS6Cr12Pt2 films were performed to investigate the local magnetic ordering of the Co and Cr atoms. The results demonstrate that the Cr has a net magnetic moment and that a small fraction of the Cr is magnetically oriented opposite to the Co moment. (C) 1997 American Institute of Physics.open115sciescopu

Provider perspectives on multilevel barriers to HPV vaccination

Understanding physician recommendation practices for HPV vaccination is a crucial step to developing interventions that can increase high quality recommendations and improve vaccination acceptance. Florida physicians (n = 340) completed a survey assessing recommendation strategies, specifically strength, consistency, and presentation. Physicians were also asked to provide suggestions for improving HPV vaccination in Florida. Responses were dichotomized for each outcome: strength (i.e., strongly recommend vs. other), consistently recommend (i.e., always recommend vs. other), and recommendation presentation (i.e., presented in the same manner as mandatory vaccines for adolescents vs. other). Bivariate logistic regression was conducted to determine the association between physician/practice characteristics and each outcome. Variables significant (p < .05) in bivariate analyses were included in multivariable logistic regression analyses. Vaccines for Children (VFC) provider status (OR = 2.62, 95% CI = 1.23–5.59 [strong]; OR = 2.84, 95% CI = 1.26–6.39 [consistent]) and not limiting the number of vaccines during a visit (OR = .283, 95% = CI .111-.722 [strong]; OR = .210, 95% = CI .066-.673 [consistent]) were significantly associated with strong and consistent recommendation. Reminders from the healthcare team were associated with consistency (OR = 2.26, 95% CI = 1.23–4.16) and EMR-based reminders were associated with presentation (OR = 2.00, 95% CI = 1.11–3.61). Multinomial logistic regression analysis examined factors associated with level of engagement in recommendation strategies. Multinomial regression indicated VFC providers (OR = 12.61, 95% CI = 1.89–82.20), and those receiving EMR-based reminders (OR = 4.02, 95% = CI 1.28–12.63), among others, were more likely to engage in all 3 types of recommendation practices. Physician suggestions for improving HPV vaccination rates included improving parent/patient/provider education and reducing vaccine costs. Future interventions should emphasize key components of delivering effective HPV vaccine recommendations, include information about insurance coverage, and improve provider awareness of VFC benefits

The entrepreneurial subject as a political signifier: corpus analysis of forty years of Hansard

This article explores the political signification of the term entrepreneur in UK parliamentary debates over the past forty years. Following a review of the literature, a need is identified to understand the construction of the entrepreneur in political discourse. Concern here is not with the prosaic cataloguing of policies or definitions, but with exploring shifts in the discursive constructs of the entrepreneur that underlie political practice. To explore these constructions a large longitudinal dataset is systematically condensed, while maintaining sensitivity to the nuances of meaning. A corpus-based linguistics approach is undertaken. This combines the computational analysis of significant collocates, that is important words (concepts) that surround the term entrepreneur, with the richness of qualitative analysis. Patterns of reification, agency and structure are identified in the portrayed entrepreneurial constructs. The philosophical and practical implications of these patterns are discussed and proposals are made for using corpus techniques in international comparative analyses

Two million intrapartum-related stillbirths and neonatal deaths: where, why, and what can be done?

BACKGROUND: Intrapartum-related neonatal deaths ("birth asphyxia") are a leading cause of child mortality globally, outnumbering deaths from malaria. Reduction is crucial to meeting the fourth Millennium Development Goal (MDG), and is intimately linked to intrapartum stillbirths as well as maternal health and MDG 5, yet there is a lack of consensus on what works, especially in weak health systems. OBJECTIVE: To clarify terminology for intrapartum-related outcomes; to describe the intrapartum-related global burden; to present current coverage and trends for care at birth; and to outline aims and methods for this comprehensive 7-paper supplement reviewing strategies to reduce intrapartum-related deaths. RESULTS: Birth is a critical time for the mother and fetus with an estimated 1.02 million intrapartum stillbirths, 904,000 intrapartum-related neonatal deaths, and around 42% of the 535,900 maternal deaths each year. Most of the burden (99%) occurs in low- and middle-income countries. Intrapartum-related neonatal mortality rates are 25-fold higher in the lowest income countries and intrapartum stillbirth rates are up to 50-fold higher. Maternal risk factors and delays in accessing care are critical contributors. The rural poor are at particular risk, and also have the lowest coverage of skilled care at birth. Almost 30,000 abstracts were searched and the evidence is evaluated and reported in the 6 subsequent papers. CONCLUSION: Each year the deaths of 2 million babies are linked to complications during birth and the burden is inequitably carried by the poor. Evidence-based strategies are urgently needed to reduce the burden of intrapartum-related deaths particularly in low- and middle-income settings where 60 million women give birth at home