EUCALYPTUS INICIAL GROWTH ON HUMIC CAMBISOL WITH APPLICATION OF LIMESTONE, GYPSUM, AND LIME MUD

The high demand for forest products in Brazil estimates a 2 million hectares increase in reforestation areas over the next 10 years, highlighting Eucalyptus species. However, these crops usually occur in acid soils that need correction to achieve high productivity. Besides limestone, lime mud, a residue from the cellulose industry, and gypsum can also be used as correctives, but there are doubts about doses and ways of application with the best results. Thus, were evaluated the soil chemical attributes, foliar nutrient content, and initial growth of a Eucalyptus dunnii Maiden crop in response to the application of limestone, lime mud, and gypsum in different doses and ways of applications, on a Humic Cambisol from Santa Catarina Plateau. The experiment was carried out with nine treatments in four replicates, where the evaluated parameters were determined up to 24 months after planting. In general, both limestone, lime mud, and gypsum, in different doses and ways of application, affected the chemical attributes of the soil but did not affect the foliar nutrient content at 12 months, height, and diameter at breast high (DBH) from trees and timber volume at 24 months. Gypsum do not correct soil acidity but lime mud provides similar results to limestone indicating that can substitute this corrective without damage to nutritional status and initial development of Eucalyptus dunnii

SUBSTÂNCIAS HÚMICAS EM CAMBISSOLO SOB VEGETAÇÃO NATURAL E PLANTIOS DE PINUS EM DIFERENTES IDADES

Due to the great area occupied with Pinus sp. plantations in southern Brazil, it is considered necessary to evaluate the impact of this kind of crop on soil organic carbon stock, specially related to fractions from humic substances (HS). On this context, this work aims to evaluate the changes on humic substances quantity and the proportion of organic matter on representative soil of the highlands in Santa Catarina state due to replacement of natural grassland by Pinus taeda stands. Four situations of soil use on areas located in Ponte Alta town were evaluated, being one of natural grasslands(CN) and tree of Pinus taeda forests with 5 (P05), 16 (P16) and 21 (P21) years old on second rotation, on soil classified as Humic Dystrupept. Soil samples composed by seven subsamples were collected on seven points inside every area in the 0-5 cm, 5-10 cm, 10-20 cm, 20-30 cm, 30-40 cm layers. The carbon contents of HS in the SOM were determined by chemical fractionating resulted from alkaline or acid extraction. The HS contents and proportions varied according to the soil use and depth analyzed, showing more quantity in the surface layer and its increasing with pinus age. In general, the highest levels of C on fractions and layers evaluated were observed on P21 and the lowest on P05 uses.Devido à grande área ocupada com reflorestamentos de pinus no sul do Brasil, considera-se necessário avaliar o impacto dessa cultura no estoque de carbono orgânico do solo, especialmente com relação às frações das substâncias húmicas (SH). Nesse contexto, o presente trabalho teve como objetivo avaliar as alterações na quantidade e proporção das substâncias húmicas da matéria orgânica em solo representativo do Planalto Catarinense devido à substituição da vegetação natural por povoamentos de Pinus taeda. Foram avaliadas quatro situações de uso em áreas localizadas no município de Ponte Alta, sendo uma de campo natural (CN) e três plantios de Pinus taeda com idades de 5 (P05), 16 (P16) e 21 (P21) anos em segunda rotação, em solo classificado como Cambissolo Húmico distrófico. Amostras de solos compostas por sete sub amostras foram coletadas em sete pontos amostrais dentro de cada área nas camadas de 0-5 cm, 5-10 cm, 10-20 cm, 20-30 cm e 30-40 cm de profundidade. Os teores de carbono das SH da matéria orgânica do solo (MOS) foram determinados através de fracionamento químico resultante da solubilização em meios ácido e básico. Os teores e proporções das SH da MOS variaram significativamente em função da situação de uso e profundidade analisados, evidenciando maiores quantidades na camada superficial e seu aumento com a idade do pinus. Em geral, os maiores valores de C nas frações e camadas avaliadas foram observados no P21 e os menores no P05

EUCALYPTUS RESPONSE TO THE APPLICATION OF LIMESTONE, GYPSUM, AND LIME MUD IN HUMIC CAMBISOL

Eucalyptus response to limestone, gypsum, and lime mud application in Humic Cambisol. This study aimed to evaluate the development of Eucalyptus dunnii Maiden in Humic Cambisol in the Santa Catarina. Individuals were treated with doses and application forms of dolomitic limestone, gypsum, and lime mud. The experiment was conducted in the field, testing the following treatments: T1 – control; T2 – 3.5 t ha-1 of limestone in total area; T3 – 1.75 t ha-1 of limestone in the planting strip; T4 – 3.5 t ha-1 of limestone in the planting strip; T5 – 3.5 t ha-1 of lime mud in the planting strip; T6 – 3.5 t ha-1 of limestone + 2.75 t ha-1 of gypsum in the planting strip; T7 – 1.75 t ha-1 of limestone in the furrow; T8 – 1.75 t ha-1 of limestone + 1.38 t ha-1 of gypsum in the furrow; T9 – 1.38 t ha-1 of gypsum in the furrow. The treatments were applied in April 2016, six months after the seedlings were planted. In total, four forest inventories were carried out, measuring plant height and diameter, from 2019 to 2022. Soil samples up to a depth of 0.40 meters were collected at 31 and 56 months after application of treatments, determining the relationships Ca/Mg and Mg/K. None of the variables, measured or calculated, of the plants were significantly altered as a function of the treatments. Ca/Mg ratios were higher under lime mud and gypsum, whereas Mg/K ones, under treatments with dolomitic limestone

Phosphorus fractions in manures and their efficiency as phosphate fertilizer

Os estrumes empregados como fontes de fósforo podem ter eficiência fertilizante diferente da dos adubos comerciais solúveis. Tal eficiência pode variar com a origem do estrume e com as proporções das diferentes frações químicas do P total contido. A eficiência de estrumes de frangos de corte e de bovinos de leite, relativamente ao superfosfato triplo-ST, e a correlação desta eficiência com frações de fósforo contidas nestes materiais foram estimadas em experimento de casa de vegetação. Os tratamentos aplicados foram: um controle, sem P; as doses 6,6, 13,2 e 19,7 mg kg-1 de P de ST, e uma dose única de 15,3 mg kg-1 de P de 11 amostras de cada um dos dois tipos de estrumes. Utilizou-se um Podzólico Vermelho-Escuro e a resposta aos tratamentos foi determinada com o cultivo de milheto (Pennisetum americanum) durante 27 dias, a partir da adubação fosfatada, período em que foram colhidos três cortes de plantas. As frações de fósforo dos estrumes foram determinadas por extrações seqüenciais. O índice de eficiência (IE), estimado pelo método de equivalentes em ST, dos estrumes de frango foi de 0,84 ± 0,071, valor menor do que o dos estrumes de bovinos de leite, de 0,94 ± 0,095. Não ocorreu diferença de IE entre as amostras de estrumes de mesma espécie animal. Considerando todas as amostras, o IE apresentou correlação positiva com as proporções de P lábil, extraídas por resina trocadora de ânions e NaHCO3 0,5 mol L-1, e de P inorgânico total e correlação negativa com as proporções de P extraídas por NaOH 0,1 mol L-1 e HCl 0,5 mol L-1 e de P orgânico total. Não ocorreu correlação entre o IE e o teor total de P dos estrumes.Manures used as phosphorus sources may have different efficiencies from those of commercial soluble fertilizers. These efficiencies may vary according to the manure origin and to the proportions of its total P in different chemical fractions. A greenhouse experiment was conducted in order to estimate the efficiencies of dairy cattle and chicken manures as phosphorus source, in comparison to triple superphosphate (TSP), as well as to relate these efficiencies to their P fractions. The treatments were: control, without fertilizer or manure; three rates of P, applied as TSP (6.6, 13.2 and 19.7 mg kg-1 soil); and a single phosphorus application rate of 15.3 mg kg-1 soil, from 11 samples of both cattle and chicken manures. Treatment responses were evaluated cultivating millet during 27 days after P application, in pots filled with a Kandiudult soil. Manure P fractions were determined by sequential extractions. The Efficiency Index (EI), estimated by the TSP equivalence, was 0.84 ± 0.071 for chicken manure, significantly lower than that for cattle manure, 0.94 ± 0.095. There were no statistical differences in EI among manures samples of the same animal species. Considering all samples, EI was positively correlated with proportions of labile P (extracted with resin and NaHCO3) and total inorganic P and negatively correlated with proportions extracted with NaOH and HCl and with total organic P. There was no association between EI and the total P content in the manures

LIME AND GYPSUM APPLICATIONS ON SOIL CHEMICAL ATTRIBUTES AND INITIAL GROWTH OF EUCALYPTUS

Eucalyptus crops in Southern Brazil are generally conducted in acidic soils, thus their yield can be increased by lime and gypsum applications. The objective of this study was to evaluate the effect of lime and gypsum applications on soil chemical attributes and initial growth of Eucalyptus benthamii and Eucalyptus dunnii in a Humic Cambisol (Inceptisol). The experiment was conducted in a greenhouse, with seedlings of both species of eucalyptus grown in soil treated with different rates of lime (0, 3, 6, and 12 Mg ha-1), and gypsum (0, 6, 3, 12.6, and 25.2 Mg ha-1). At 90 days after application of the treatments, the soil chemical attributes and growth components of eucalyptus seedlings. The lime increased the production shoot dry weight, however, the response to gypsum was negative. The lime increased the soil pH, exchangeable calcium (Ca), base saturation (V %), and slightly the soil electrical conductivity, decreased the soil aluminium saturation (m %), and promoted little reduction in the exchangeable potassium (K) and magnesium (Mg) contents. The gypsum didn't alter the soil pH, but decreased the m%, increased soil phosphorus (P) contents, and expressively increased the electrical conductivity, which may have had a negative effect on the eucalyptus growth. In conclusion, the addition of limestone decreases the soil acidity and benefits the growth of eucalyptus seedlings. However, the addition of gypsum has no expressive effects upon those variables, but it can decrease the growth of seedlings when the rates are excessive.Eucalyptus crops in Southern Brazil are generally conducted in acidic soils, thus their yield can be increased by lime and gypsum applications. The objective of this study was to evaluate the effect of lime and gypsum applications on soil chemical attributes and initial growth of Eucalyptus benthamii and Eucalyptus dunnii in a Humic Cambisol (Inceptisol). The experiment was conducted in a greenhouse, with seedlings of both species of eucalyptus grown in soil treated with different rates of lime (0, 3, 6, and 12 Mg ha-1), and gypsum (0, 6, 3, 12.6, and 25.2 Mg ha-1). At 90 days after application of the treatments, the soil chemical attributes and growth components of eucalyptus seedlings. The lime increased the production shoot dry weight, however, the response to gypsum was negative. The lime increased the soil pH, exchangeable calcium (Ca), base saturation (V %), and slightly the soil electrical conductivity, decreased the soil aluminium saturation (m %), and promoted little reduction in the exchangeable potassium (K) and magnesium (Mg) contents. The gypsum didn't alter the soil pH, but decreased the m%, increased soil phosphorus (P) contents, and expressively increased the electrical conductivity, which may have had a negative effect on the eucalyptus growth. In conclusion, the addition of limestone decreases the soil acidity and benefits the growth of eucalyptus seedlings. However, the addition of gypsum has no expressive effects upon those variables, but it can decrease the growth of seedlings when the rates are excessive

Soil fertility and agriculture yield with the application of organomineral or mineral fertilizers in solid and fluid forms

O objetivo deste trabalho foi avaliar os efeitos de fertilizantes organominerais e minerais, em suas formas sólidas e fluidas, em solos de carga variável com elevada fertilidade construída sobre os conteúdos de nitrogênio, fósforo e potássio no solo e nas plantas, bem como nas produtividades de milho (Zea mays) e aveia-preta (Avena strigosa). Os tratamentos foram constituídos de um controle e de quatro fertilizantes – dois organominerais e dois minerais –, nas formas sólida (SO e SM) e fluida (FO e FM), aplicados em Cambissolo e Nitossolo, sob plantio direto. O uso de fertilizantes organominerais e minerais nas formas sólidas e fluidas contribui para elevar o teor de N total no solo e manter o teor de K trocável em ambos os solos e pode elevar o teor de P disponível até a profundidade de 0,6 m em Cambissolo. Esses fatores permitiram aumentar significativamente a produtividade de milho, independentemente do fertilizante, e estabelecer maior efeito residual para a forma fluida do organomineral na produção de aveia-preta no inverno, mesmo em solos sob elevada fertilidade.The objective of this work was to evaluate the effects of organomineral and mineral fertilizers, in their solid and fluid forms, on soils with variable charges with high fertility built up from nitrogen, phosphorus, and potassium contents in the soil and plant, as well as on corn (Zea mays) and black oat (Avena strigosa) yield. The treatments consisted of one control and four fertilizers – two organomineral and two mineral – in solid (SO, solid organomineral; and SM, solid mineral) and fluid (FO, fluid organomineral; and FM, fluid mineral) forms applied in Rhodic Kandiudox and Distrochrept soils with no-tillage. The use of organomineral or mineral fertilizers in fluid and solid forms increases total N content in the soil, maintains exchangeable K content in both soils, and may enhance available P content to the depth of 0.6 m in Distrochrept. These factors allowed significantly increasing corn yield, regardless of the fertilizer, and establishing greater residual effect for fluid organomineral fertilizer in the winter black oat yield, even in soils with high fertility

Atributos químicos em Latossolo Vermelho fertilizado com dejeto suíno e adubo solúvel

The use of swine manure as fertilizer is the main method for final disposal of this waste. However, the dose applied must not exceed the reception capacity of the soil, to avoid the excess of elements that have potential pollutants, particularly P, Cu and Zn. In order to evaluate changes in chemical attributes of a South Brazilian Oxisol, caused by six annual applications of swine manure at the rates 0 (control), 25, 50, 100 and 200 m3 ha-1, soluble fertilizer, and manure supplemented with soluble fertilizer, a field experiment was conducted in Campos Novos, SC, in the period from 2001 to 2007. Each year, successive crops of corn (Zea mays) and oat (Avena strigosa) were grown under no-tillage. In August 2007, the soil was sampled at depths of 0-2, 4-6, 9-11, 19-21, 29-31 and 39-41 cm. Compared to the control treatment, the manure did not affect the pH and concentration of exchangeable Al and Mg, but it increased the exchangeable Ca, although only at the rate of 200 m3 ha-1, at 0-2 and 4-6 cm depths. At the first depth, soluble fertilizer decreased the pH in relation to other treatments, and at 4-6 cm depth the soluble fertilizer decreased this attribute only in relation to manure applied at the highest dose. The manure in doses of 100 and 200 m3 ha-1 increased significantly the content of extractable P at depths 0-2 and 4-6 cm, including in relation to soluble fertilizer. At the highest dose applied, the manure also raised the extractable K at all depths, while at the dose 100 m3 ha-1, this increase was observed up to 29-31 cm depth; and at the dose 50 m3 ha-1, it reached 4-6, 9-11 and 19-21 cm depths. In doses from 50 m3 ha-1, the manure increased the content of soil extractable Cu and Zn in depths of 0-2 and 4-6 cm and for doses from 100 m3 ha-1 this increase was also seen at 9-11 cm depth.O uso do dejeto suíno como fertilizante é a alternativa mais utilizada para o descarte desse resíduo. Entretanto, a dose aplicada não deve ultrapassar a capacidade de adsorção do solo a fim de evitar que o excesso de elementos, especialmente P, Cu e Zn, possa atuar como poluente. O presente estudo foi conduzido com o objetivo de avaliar as variações nos atributos químicos de um Latossolo Vermelho distroférrico provocadas por seis aplicações anuais de dejeto suíno (DJ), nas doses 0 (testemunha), 25, 50, 100 e 200 m3 ha-1, de adubo solúvel (AS), e de dejeto complementado com adubo solúvel (DJ+AS). O experimento foi conduzido a campo, no município de Campos Novos, SC, no período de 2001 a 2007. Anualmente, foram cultivados milho (Zea mays) e aveia (Avena strigosa) em cultivos sucessivos, no sistema plantio direto. Em agosto de 2007, o solo foi amostrado nas profundidades de 0-2, 4-6, 9-11, 19-21, 29-31 e 39-41 cm. O DJ não afetou o pH e os teores de Al e Mg trocáveis do solo, mas aumentou o teor de Ca trocável, embora somente na dose 200 m3 ha-1 e na profundidade 0-2 cm. Nesta, o AS diminuiu o pH em relação aos demais tratamentos, tendo também diminuído este atributo na profundidade 4-6 cm, porém, somente em relação ao DJ na maior dose aplicada. O DJ, em doses de 100 e 200 m3 ha-1, aumentou o teor de P extraível nas camadas de 0-2 e 4-6 cm, inclusive em relação ao AS. Na maior dose, o DJ também aumentou o K extraível em todas as profundidades, sendo que nas doses de 50 e 100 m3 ha-1 o aumento ocorreu até as camadas de 19-21 e 29-31 cm, respectivamente. Nas doses a partir de 50 m3 ha-1, o DJ aumentou os teores de Cu e Zn extraíveis nas camadas de 0-2 e 4-6 cm, enquanto nas doses a partir de 100 m3 ha-1 esse aumento foi observado até a camada de 9-11 cm

Productivity and composition of grapes and wine of vines intercropped with cover crops

O objetivo deste trabalho foi avaliar a influência de plantas de cobertura verde sobre a produtividade das videiras e sobre a composição da uva e do vinho. Durante duas safras, foram feitas avaliações de três tipos de consórcio, dois manejos das coberturas e de um tratamento controle, com plantas espontâneas controladas por herbicidas e roçagem. Utilizou-se vinhedo de uvas 'Cabernet Sauvignon', localizado a 1.130 m de altitude, em um Cambissolo Húmico distrófico, em São Joaquim, SC. Os consórcios foram realizados com a sucessão de cultivos anuais de moha (Setaria italica) com azevém (Lolium multiflorum) e de trigo mourisco (Fagopyrum esculentum) com aveia‑branca (Avena sativa), bem como com a planta perene festuca (Fetusca sp.). Os manejos consistiram da transferência ou não do resíduo cultural da linha para a entrelinha. As videiras apresentaram maior produtividade de uva no consórcio com as plantas anuais, em comparação ao tratamento controle, ou com a planta perene festuca. O manejo da cobertura verde não teve influência sobre as variáveis avaliadas. Os consórcios não influenciaram de forma consistente os teores de N da uva nem a composição do mosto, embora, na última safra, o teor de sólidos solúveis totais do mosto tenha sido maior nos tratamentos com consórcio, em comparação ao controle. Além disso, as videiras consorciadas com festuca podem proporcionar vinho com maior teor de antocianinas e polifenóis totais.The objective of this work was to evaluate the influence of green cover crops on vine productivity and on grape and wine composition. For two growing seasons, evaluations were done for three intercrops, two managements of the cover crops, and for a control treatment with weeds controlled by herbicides and mowing. A vineyard of 'Cabernet Sauvignon', located at 1,130 m altitude in a Haplumbrept soil, in São Joaquim, SC, Brazil was used. Intercropping was done with a succession of the cover crops moha (Setaria italica) with annual ryegrass (Lolium multiflorum), and buckwheat (Fagopyrum esculentum) with oat (Avena sativa), and with perennial fescue (Fetusca sp.). Cover crop managements consisted of transferring or not crop residues from the row to the between rows. Grape yield were higher in vines intercropped with the annual plants, in comparison to the control treatment or to fescue. The management of the cover crops did not affect the evaluated variables. Intercropping did not consistently influence N contents of grapes and wine composition; however, soluble solid contents of must were greater with intercropping treatments compared to control, in the last season. Moreover, vines intercropped with fescue can enable wine with greater content of anthocyanins and total polyphenols

Doses de calcário e modo de incorporação na reaplicação em pastagem perene de Tifton (Cynodon spp.)

The use of high doses of N fertilizers in perennial pastures may require the correction of soil acidity periodically. For some species of tropical perennial pastures, such as tifton, there are no studies in southern Brazil about the best rate and method of incorporating lime during its reapplication in perennial pastures. The objective of this study was to evaluate the efficiency of lime rates applied on the soil surface or incorporated with light harrowing on the Tifton 85 forage yield. The experiment was set in a Red Oxisol in Chapecó, Santa Catarina State, South of Brazil, in 2007. The Tifton pasture was four years-old and soil pH was 4.9. The experimental design was a randomized block with split plots in bands and four replications. Lime rates were tested in the main plots. The method of lime incorporation was assessed in the split plots. Lime rates were 0.0, 4.25 and 8.5 t ha-1, corresponding to rates of 0, 0.5 and 1 times the estimated dose by the SMP method to raise the pH-H2O to 5.5. Each rate was applied with and without incorporation with light harrowing. The pasture dry matter production was measured over a year. There was no pasture response to lime rates, showing that Tifton had low response to soil liming. Lime incorporation with harrow decreased dry matter production in the first cut after harrowing, but the effect was small, not affecting total dry mass production in one year.O uso de altas doses de N em pastagens perenes pode requerer com o tempo a correção da acidez do solo. Entretanto, para algumas espécies de pastagens perenes tropicais, como o Tifton, não há estudos no sul do Brasil sobre a dose e o modo de incorporação de calcário mais indicadas na reaplicação desse corretivo. O objetivo do estudo foi avaliar a resposta de doses de calcário, aplicadas na superfície do solo ou incorporadas com gradagem leve, na produção de forragem de pastagem de Tifton 85. O experimento foi instalado em Latossolo Vermelho Distroférrico no município de Chapecó, SC, em 2007. A pastagem encontrava-se com quatro anos de utilização e o solo apresentava pH-H2O de 4,9. O delineamento experimental utilizado foi em blocos ao acaso com parcelas subdivididas em faixas e quatro repetições, com as doses de calcário na parcela principal e o modo de incorporação nas subparcelas. Os seis tratamentos testados foram as doses 0,0, 4,25 e 8,5 t ha-1 de calcário, correspondentes aos índices de 0, 0,5 e 1,0 vez a dose estimada pelo Índice SMP para elevar o pH-H2O até 5,5, com e sem incorporação com gradagem leve. A produção de massa seca da pastagem, avaliada durante um ano, não respondeu às doses de calcário, mostrando o baixo potencial de resposta do Tifton à calagem. A incorporação do calcário com grade leve diminuiu a produção de massa seca no primeiro corte após a gradagem, porém o efeito foi temporário, não afetando a produção total acumulada em um ano

Cobertura do solo em vinhedos modifica os atributos do solo e o estado nutricional das videiras

The cover crop intercropping in vineyards protects the soil from erosion and can be an alternative for controlling the growth of the vine. The aim of this study was to evaluate the changes in the soil’s chemical properties, leaf composition and branch growth of Cabernet Sauvignon vine caused by the cover crops in the vineyard. The study was carried in an experiment conducted from 2009 in the highlands of Santa Catarina state, where the soil and climatic conditions favor the excessive growth of the vine. The treatments consisted of three types of cover crops, two management and a control. The cover crops were annual, buckwheat (Fagopyrum esculentum) and ryegrass (Lolium multiflorum), the perennial fescue (Festuca arundinacea) and the native (spontaneous), while the managements were mowed with the crop residue in total area and, with its transfer from the row to the between row of the vine. Samples of leaves and soil were carried out in “veraison” and at end of grape maturation stages, respectively. The cover crops and its management in general did not change the soil pH, or the exchangeable content of Al, Ca and Mg, but the annual did increase the available P content in the 0-5 cm layer compared to the control. The perennial in general did increase the extractable K content compared to the control in the 5-10 and 10-15 cm layers, and compared to the annual and native crops in all of the soil layers. The perennial reduced the leaf contents of P and K when compared to other treatments, the Mg leaf content was compared to the annual and decreased the N leaf content and the mass of branches when compared to the control treatment.O cultivo de cobertura verde em vinhedos protege o solo da erosão e ainda pode ser uma alternativa para o controle do vigor da videira. Assim, o objetivo desse estudo foi avaliar a influência do cultivo de plantas de cobertura do solo de vinhedo nos atributos químicos do solo, na composição foliar e no crescimento de ramos da videira do cultivar Cabernet Sauvignon. As avalições foram realizadas na safra 2013/14, em experimento conduzido a partir de 2009 na região do Planalto Sul Catarinense, onde as condições edafoclimáticas favorecem o excesso de vigor da videira. Os tratamentos compreenderam três tipos de plantas, dois manejos e um controle. As plantas foram a sucessão de anuais, trigo mourisco (Fagopyrum esculentum) e azevém (Lolium multiflorum), a perene festuca (Festuca arundinacea) e as nativas (espontâneas) e os manejos foram roçada com o resíduo cultural distribuído em área total e, com a sua transferência da faixa da linha da videira para a faixa da entrelinha. O controle foi a aplicação de herbicida na faixa da linha e roçada na entrelinha. As amostragens das folhas e do solo foram realizadas nas fases de mudança de cor e de maturação plena da uva. As plantas de cobertura e seu manejo, em geral, não afetaram o pH, nem os teores de Al, Ca e Mg trocáveis no solo, porém as anuais aumentaram o P extraível na camada 0 - 5 cm relativamente à testemunha. Em geral, a espécie perene aumentou o K extraível relativamente à testemunha nas camadas 5-10 e 10-15 cm e relativamente às plantas anuais e nativas em todas as camadas. A festuca promoveu menor teor de Mg nas folhas da videira em relação às plantas anuais e menores teores de P e K relativamente aos demais tratamentos e também diminuiu o teor de N foliar e a massa de ramos da videira em relação à testemunha