Conhecimento das mães no puerpério sobre a desobstrução das vias aéreas em recém-nascidos

Foreign body aspiration or choking is characterized as a condition in which an object or substance enters the airway. In the case of children, when incomplete choking occurs, the signs can be high respiratory rate, coughing and crying. In complete choking, the child has a purplish mouth, lack of air, inability to cough or cry, and the maneuver is necessary. It is essential that parents are trained to unblock the airways properly and efficiently, and health professionals play a key role in educating pregnant women and their families. This is an integrative literature review. 15 articles were found. Then, 4 categories emerged, the main reasons that can result in choking in the newborn, lack of knowledge of postpartum women regarding first aid in choking episodes, the role of nurses in guiding the puerperal woman in prevention and in the moment of choking, educational method for better understanding of the Heimlich Maneuver. It is considered that the difficulties of postpartum mothers go beyond knowledge about the subject, which includes living conditions, access to knowledge, occupations at work, housework, irregularity in the search for care in the care of the NB and domestic dangers.A aspiração de corpo estranho ou engasgo é caracterizada como uma condição em que um objeto ou substância adentra nas vias aéreas. Se tratando de crianças, quando ocorre o engasgo incompleto, os sinais podem ser a frequência respiratória elevada, tosse e choro. No engasgo completo, a criança apresenta boca arroxeada, ausência ar, inaptidão para tossir ou chorar, sendo necessário a realização da manobra. É imprescindível que pais estejam capacitados para realizar a desobstruir as vias respiratórias de modo adequado e eficiente e os profissionais da saúde desempenham um papel primordial na educação à gestante e familiares. Trata-se de uma revisão integrativa da literatura. Foram encontrados 15 artigos. Emergiram, então, 4 categorias, os principais motivos que podem resultar o engasgo no recém-nascido, déficit de conhecimento das puérperas frente aos primeiros socorros em episódios de engasgo, o papel do enfermeiro na orientação à puérpera na prevenção e no instante do engasgo, método educativo para melhor compreensão da Manobra de Heimlich. Considera-se que as dificuldades das mães puérperas vão além do conhecimento sobre o assunto, o que inclui condições de vida, acesso ao conhecimento, ocupações no trabalho, afazeres de casa, irregularidade na busca por atendimento na atenção do RN e os perigos domésticos

Conhecimento das mães no puerpério sobre a desobstrução das vias aéreas em recém-nascidos

Foreign body aspiration or choking is characterized as a condition in which an object or substance enters the airway. In the case of children, when incomplete choking occurs, the signs can be high respiratory rate, coughing and crying. In complete choking, the child has a purplish mouth, lack of air, inability to cough or cry, and the maneuver is necessary. It is essential that parents are trained to unblock the airways properly and efficiently, and health professionals play a key role in educating pregnant women and their families. This is an integrative literature review. 15 articles were found. Then, 4 categories emerged, the main reasons that can result in choking in the newborn, lack of knowledge of postpartum women regarding first aid in choking episodes, the role of nurses in guiding the puerperal woman in prevention and in the moment of choking, educational method for better understanding of the Heimlich Maneuver. It is considered that the difficulties of postpartum mothers go beyond knowledge about the subject, which includes living conditions, access to knowledge, occupations at work, housework, irregularity in the search for care in the care of the NB and domestic dangers.A aspiração de corpo estranho ou engasgo é caracterizada como uma condição em que um objeto ou substância adentra nas vias aéreas. Se tratando de crianças, quando ocorre o engasgo incompleto, os sinais podem ser a frequência respiratória elevada, tosse e choro. No engasgo completo, a criança apresenta boca arroxeada, ausência ar, inaptidão para tossir ou chorar, sendo necessário a realização da manobra. É imprescindível que pais estejam capacitados para realizar a desobstruir as vias respiratórias de modo adequado e eficiente e os profissionais da saúde desempenham um papel primordial na educação à gestante e familiares. Trata-se de uma revisão integrativa da literatura. Foram encontrados 15 artigos. Emergiram, então, 4 categorias, os principais motivos que podem resultar o engasgo no recém-nascido, déficit de conhecimento das puérperas frente aos primeiros socorros em episódios de engasgo, o papel do enfermeiro na orientação à puérpera na prevenção e no instante do engasgo, método educativo para melhor compreensão da Manobra de Heimlich. Considera-se que as dificuldades das mães puérperas vão além do conhecimento sobre o assunto, o que inclui condições de vida, acesso ao conhecimento, ocupações no trabalho, afazeres de casa, irregularidade na busca por atendimento na atenção do RN e os perigos domésticos

Ações de enfermagem na cardiopatia congênita

The aim was to analyze the nurses' coping in the treatment of congenital heart disease. This is an exploratory-descriptive literature study of qualitative origin, carried out in an electronic database of Latin American and Caribbean Literature in Health Sciences (LILACS), Database in Nursing (BDENF) and Scientific Electronic Library Online (SciELO) with a time frame of the last five years in Portuguese and English. A sample of 7 studies was obtained, all published in nursing journals, among the findings was the fundamental role of nursing action in the process of congenital heart disease. It is concluded that a newborn, admitted to an Intensive Care Unit, due to congenital heart disease, is predisposed to several other problems, causing some risks, requiring nursing care aimed at possible diagnoses that are affected.Objetivou-se analisar o enfrentamento do enfermeiro no tratamento da cardiopatia congênita. Trata-se de um estudo da literatura de caráter exploratório-descritivo e de origem qualitativa, realizada em banco de dados eletrônicos Literatura Latino-Americana e do Caribe em Ciências da Saúde (LILACS), Banco de Dados em Enfermagem (BDENF) e Scientific Electronic Library Online (SciELO) com recorte temporal dos últimos cinco anos em português e inglês. Obteve-se uma amostra de 7 estudos, todos publicados em revistas de enfermagem, entre os achados foi notório o papel fundamental da ação da enfermagem no processo da cardiopatia congênita. Conclui-se que um recém-nascido, internado em uma Unidade de Terapia Intensiva, em decorrência de cardiopatia congênita, está predisposto a diversos outros problemas, acarretando alguns riscos, sendo necessário um cuidado de enfermagem voltado aos possíveis diagnósticos que são acometidos

Ações de enfermagem na cardiopatia congênita

The aim was to analyze the nurses' coping in the treatment of congenital heart disease. This is an exploratory-descriptive literature study of qualitative origin, carried out in an electronic database of Latin American and Caribbean Literature in Health Sciences (LILACS), Database in Nursing (BDENF) and Scientific Electronic Library Online (SciELO) with a time frame of the last five years in Portuguese and English. A sample of 7 studies was obtained, all published in nursing journals, among the findings was the fundamental role of nursing action in the process of congenital heart disease. It is concluded that a newborn, admitted to an Intensive Care Unit, due to congenital heart disease, is predisposed to several other problems, causing some risks, requiring nursing care aimed at possible diagnoses that are affected.Objetivou-se analisar o enfrentamento do enfermeiro no tratamento da cardiopatia congênita. Trata-se de um estudo da literatura de caráter exploratório-descritivo e de origem qualitativa, realizada em banco de dados eletrônicos Literatura Latino-Americana e do Caribe em Ciências da Saúde (LILACS), Banco de Dados em Enfermagem (BDENF) e Scientific Electronic Library Online (SciELO) com recorte temporal dos últimos cinco anos em português e inglês. Obteve-se uma amostra de 7 estudos, todos publicados em revistas de enfermagem, entre os achados foi notório o papel fundamental da ação da enfermagem no processo da cardiopatia congênita. Conclui-se que um recém-nascido, internado em uma Unidade de Terapia Intensiva, em decorrência de cardiopatia congênita, está predisposto a diversos outros problemas, acarretando alguns riscos, sendo necessário um cuidado de enfermagem voltado aos possíveis diagnósticos que são acometidos

Eficiência de fungicidas no controle do mofo branco na cultura da soja

Among the diseases that affect soybeans, white mold stands out as one of the most important currently. Chemical control has been the most effective, given the fast disease evolution and requires farmers’ close attention, primarily in relation to the time of the product being applied, this being one of the most important factors for successful disease control. Thus, this study aimed to evaluate the effectiveness of the control of white mold by applying foliar fungicides in different reproductive stages, by analyzing the progress of the disease in soybean pathosystem versus Sclerotinia sclerotiorum. The experimental area presents a crop rotation system with soybean and cotton being adopted for over 10 years and with a history of occurrence of white mold. Four treatments (Witness, Cercobin, Sumilex and Frowncide) in a randomized block design with four replications. We evaluated the incidence and disease severity in stages R5.1, R5.3 and R5.5. At the end of the experiment, the weight of sclerotia and yield were evaluated. Treatments were applied at four times every ten days from the beginning of flowering. Data were submitted to analysis of variance by F test and the means were compared by Tukey test at 5% probability. The fungicides showed efficiency in relation to the variables studied, with exception of the incidence of disease severity. The most effective fungicide against the significant gain in productivity was Frowncide. Chemical control significantly reduced the severity of the disease.Entre as doenças que incidem sobre a soja, o mofo branco se destaca como uma das mais importantes atualmente. O controle químico é mais eficaz, diante a rápida evolução da doença e requer muita atenção do produtor, principalmente em relação à época do produto a ser aplicado, sendo essencial para o sucesso do controle da doença. Assim, objetivou-se neste trabalho avaliar a eficácia do controle do mofo branco através da aplicação foliar de diferentes fungicidas em diferentes estádios reprodutivos, por meio da análise do progresso da doença no patossistema soja versus Sclerotinia sclerotiorum. A área experimental apresenta sistema de rotação de culturas com soja e algodão sendo adotado há mais de 10 anos e com histórico de ocorrência de mofo branco. Foram testados quatro tratamentos (Testemunha, Cercobin, Sumilex e Frowncide) em delineamento em blocos casualizados com quatro repetições. Avaliou-se a incidência e severidade da doença nos estádios R5.1, R5.3 e R5.5. Ao final do experimento, avaliou-se o peso de escleródios e a produtividade. Os tratamentos foram aplicados em quatro vezes a cada dez dias a partir do inicio do florescimento da cultura, via terrestre. Os dados foram submetidos a analise de variância pelo teste F e as médias foram comparadas pelo teste de Tukey a 5% de probabilidade. Os fungicidas apresentaram eficiência em relação às variáveis estudadas, com exceção da incidência da severidade da doença. O fungicida mais eficiente em relação ao ganho significativo de produtividade foi o Frowncide. O controle químico reduz significativamente a severidade da doença

Results from a population-based cohort study

Funding Information: We have read the journal's policy and the authors of this manuscript have the following competing interests: ARF reports travel grants from Roche and advisory board fees from Daiichi Sankyo, Gilead, Merck Sharp & Dohme, Novartis and Roche, outside the submitted work. DMB reports travel grants from LEO Farmacêuticos, Merck Sharp & Dohme, Ipsen, Janssen, Roche, and Novartis, advisory board fees from Janssen, Pfizer, Merck Sharp & Dohme, Angelini, AstraZeneca, and Novartis, and institutional grants from F. Hoffmann-La Roche, outside the submitted work. The other authors have declared that no competing interests exist. Funding Information: The authors acknowledge the RON network that cooperated in providing up-to-date information on cases diagnosed and treated with the drug of interest (participating institutions: Centro Hospitalar Universit?rio de S?o Jo?o, Centro Hospitalar Universit?rio Lisboa Norte, Centro Hospitalar Universit?rio do Algarve, Hospital de Braga, Centro Hospitalar e Universit?rio de Coimbra, Centro Hospitalar de Tr?s-os-Montes e Alto Douro, Hospital Central do Funchal, Centro Hospitalar de Vila Nova de Gaia/Espinho, Centro Hospitalar Lisboa Ocidental, Hospital Garcia de Orta, Centro Hospitalar Universit?rio Lisboa Central, Hospital Distrital de Santar?m, Centro Hospitalar de Entre o Douro e Vouga, Hospital da Senhora da Oliveira Guimar?es, Centro Hospitalar de Set?bal, Centro Hospitalar e Universit?rio do Porto, Centro Hospitalar Tondela Viseu, Hospital do Esp?rito Santo de ?vora, Centro Hospitalar Barreiro Montijo, Hospital Beatriz ?ngelo, Hospital do Santo Esp?rito da Ilha Terceira, Hospital do Divino Esp?rito Santo de Ponta Delgada, Hospital Pedro Hispano ? ULS Matosinhos, Hospital do Litoral Alentejano ? Santiago do Cac?m ? ULS Litoral Alentejano, Centro Hospitalar do Oeste, Centro Hospitalar M?dio Tejo, Hospital Jos? Joaquim Fernandes ? Beja ? ULS Baixo Alentejo, Centro Hospitalar Universit?rio da Cova da Beira, Centro Cl?nico Champalimaud, Hospitais CUF, Hospitais da Luz, Hospitais dos Lus?adas, Hospital Particular do Algarve). Publisher Copyright: © 2022 The AuthorsBackground: Real-world (RW) data may provide valuable information on the effectiveness and safety of medicines, which is particularly relevant for clinicians, patients and third-party payers. Evidence on the effectiveness of palbociclib plus fulvestrant is scarce, which highlights the need of additional studies. The aim of this study was to evaluate the effectiveness of palbociclib plus fulvestrant in advanced breast cancer (ABC). Materials and methods: We conducted a population-based retrospective cohort study and cases of interest were identified through the Portuguese National Cancer Registry database and additional data sources. Patients aged≥18 years, diagnosed with ABC and exposed to palbociclib plus fulvestrant between May 31, 2017 and March 31, 2019 were included. Patients were followed-up until death or cut-off date (February 28, 2021). Primary outcome was rw-progression-free survival (rwPFS). Secondary outcomes were rw-overall survival (rwOS), rw-time to palbociclib failure (rwTPF) and rw-time to next treatment (rwTTNT). Results: A total of 210 patients were included. Median age was 58 years (range 29–83) and 99.05% were female. Median follow-up time was 23.22 months and, at cut-off date, treatment had been discontinued in 189 patients, mainly due to disease progression (n = 152). Median rwPFS was 7.43 months (95% confidence interval [CI] 6.28–9.05) and 2-year rwPFS was 16.65% (95%CI 11.97–22.00). Median rwOS was 24.70 months (95%CI 21.58–29.27), median rwTPF was 7.5 months (95%CI 6.51–9.08) and median rwTTNT was 11.74 months (95%CI 10.33–14.08). Conclusion: Palbociclib plus fulvestrant seems an effective treatment for ABC in real-world context. Compared to registrations studies, rwPFS and rwOS were shorter in real-life setting.publishersversionpublishe

One-year mortality after hemodialysis initiation: the prognostic role of the CHA2DS2-VASc Score

© 2023 by the authors. Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/).Background: CKD is a significant cause of morbidity, cardiovascular and all-cause mortality. CHA2DS2-VASc is a score used in patients with atrial fibrillation to predict thromboembolic risk; it also appears to be useful to predict mortality risk. The aim of the study was to evaluate CHA2DS2-VASc scores as a tool for predicting one-year mortality after hemodialysis is started and for identifying factors associated with higher mortality. Methods: Retrospective analysis of patients who started hemodialysis between January 2014 and December 2019 in Centro Hospitalar Universitário Lisboa Norte. We evaluated mortality within one year of hemodialysis initiation. The CHA2DS2-VASc score was calculated at the start of hemodialysis. Results: Of 856 patients analyzed, their mean age was 68.3 ± 15.5 years and the majority were male (61.1%) and Caucasian (84.5%). Mortality within one-year after starting hemodialysis was 17.8% (n = 152). The CHA2DS2-VASc score was significantly higher (4.4 ± 1.7 vs. 3.5 ± 1.8, p < 0.001) in patients who died and satisfactorily predicted the one-year risk of mortality (AUC 0.646, 95% CI 0.6-0.7, p < 0.001), with a sensitivity of 71.7%, a specificity of 49.1%, a positive predictive value of 23.9% and a negative predictive value of 89.2%. In the multivariate analysis, CHA2DS2-VASc ≥3.5 (adjusted HR 2.24 95% CI (1.48-3.37), p < 0.001) and central venous catheter at dialysis initiation (adjusted HR 3.06 95% CI (1.93-4.85)) were significant predictors of one-year mortality. Conclusion: A CHA2DS2-VASc score ≥3.5 and central venous catheter at hemodialysis initiation were predictors of one-year mortality, allowing for risk stratification in hemodialysis patients.info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersio

C-reactive protein-to-albumin ratio and six-month mortality in incident hemodialysis patients

© 2023 The Author(s). Published by Informa UK Limited, trading as Taylor & Francis Group. This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited. The terms on which this article has been published allow the posting of the Accepted Manuscript in a repository by the author(s) or with their consent.Background: The first few months of hemodialysis (HD) are associated with a higher risk of mortality. Protein-energy malnutrition is a demonstrated major risk factor for mortality in this population. The C-Reactive Protein to Albumin ratio (CAR) has also been associated with increased mortality risk. The aim of this study was to determine the predictive value of CAR for six-month mortality in incident HD patients. Methods: Retrospective analysis of incident HD patients between January 2014 and December 2019. CAR was calculated at the start of HD. We analyzed six-month mortality. A Cox regression was performed to predict six-month mortality and the discriminatory ability of CAR was determined using the receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve. Results: A total of 787 patients were analyzed (mean age 68.34 ± 15.5 years and 60.6% male). The 6-month mortality was 13.8% (n = 109). Patients who died were significantly older (p < 0.001), had more cardiovascular disease (p = 0.010), had central venous catheter at the start of HD (p < 0.001), lower parathyroid hormone (PTH) level (p = 0.014) and higher CAR (p = 0.015). The AUC for mortality prediction was 0.706 (95% CI (0.65-0.76), p < 0.001). The optimal CAR cutoff was ≥0.5, HR 5.36 (95% CI 3.21-8.96, p < 0.001). Conclusion: We demonstrated that higher CAR was significantly associated with a higher mortality risk in the first six months of HD, highlighting the prognostic importance of malnutrition and inflammation in patients starting chronic HD.info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersio

Methylmercury human exposure in riverine villages of Tapajos basin, Pará State, Brazil

Evaluation of total human exposure to mercury and methylmercury was effected in riverine villages along the Tapajos river and in the metropolitan area of Belem city, state of Para, Brazil, by using total mercury and methylmercury concentrations in hair samples in 1994 and 1995. It was observed that average concentrations of total mercury are in a range from 2 ± 1µg/g-1 to 20.5 ± 12.1µg/g-1. While methylmercury average concentration varies from 1.4 ± 0.7µg/g-1 to 18.5 ± 11µg/g-1. These results confirm mercury contamination in the Tapajos river and possible appearance of mercury intoxication symptoms, and recommends the monitoring of compounds in hair samples as well as the need for epidemiological and clinical studies for human health prevention and control of mercury intoxication.Avaliou-se a exposição humana ao metilmercúrio e ao mercúrio total em comunidades ribeirinhas do rio Tapajós e da região metropolitana de Belém, no Estado do Pará, Brasil, através da determinação de mercúrio total e metilmercúrio em amostras de cabelo nos anos de 1994 e 1995. Observou-se que as concentrações médias de mercúrio total variaram de 2 ± 1µg/g-1 a 20,5 ± 12,1µg/g-1, enquanto que as concentrações médias de metilmercúrio variaram de 1,4 ± 0,7µg/g-1 a 18,5 ± 11µg/g-1. Estes resultados confirmam a contaminação mercurial na região do rio Tapajós, admitem a possibilidade do aparecimento de sinais e sintomas de intoxicação mercurial e recomendam a manutenção da monitorização do mercúrio total e do metilmercúrio nas amostras de cabelo, bem como a necessidade de estudos clínico-epidemiológicos para implantação de medidas de prevenção e controle da intoxicação mercurial