Pharmacological rescue of adult hippocampal neurogenesis in a mouse model of X-linked intellectual disability

Oligophrenin-1 (OPHN1) is a Rho GTPase activating protein whose mutations cause X-linked intellectual disability (XLID). How loss of function of Ophnl affects neuronal development is only partly understood. Here we have exploited adult hippocampal neurogenesis to dissect the steps of neuronal differentiation that are affected by Ophn1 deletion. We found that mice lacking Ophnl display a reduction in the number of newborn neurons in the dentate gyrus. A significant fraction of the Ophn1-deficient newly generated neurons failed to extend an axon towards CM, and showed an altered density of dendritic protrusions. Since Ophnl-deficient mice display overactivation of Rho-associated protein kinase (ROCK) and protein kinase A (PICA) signaling, we administered a clinically approved ROCK/PICA inhibitor (fasudil) to correct the neurogenesis defects. While administration of fasudil was not effective in rescuing axon formation, the same treatment completely restored spine density to control levels, and enhanced the long-term survival of adult-born neurons in mice lacking Ophn1. These results identify specific neurodevelopmental steps that are impacted by Ophn1 deletion, and indicate that they may be at least partially corrected by pharmacological treatment. (C) 2017 The Authors. Published by Elsevier Inc

Evaluation of the effectiveness of killer toxins produced by some strains of yeasts against other strains killer.

To make the wine, you do not need killer strains used for the purpose of dominance. It is only necessary that the yeasts are neutral. The aim of this study was to evaluate the effectiveness of killer toxins produced by some strains to produce a lethal effect on other strains killer. The experiments were conducted using the medium must Lorena M80: 20 with methylene blue. The killer test strains used were: 7M, 12M, 24M, 25M and 30M isolated from grape berries derived from the cultivar Merlot municipality of Pinto Bandeira (RS, Brazil). These strains were tested against other strains isolated killer Pinto Bandeira, they being the 3CF lineage derived from the cultivar Cabernet Franc, and the 24A strain isolated from cultivar Ancelota,; and also against strains isolated from the city of Colombo (PR, Brazil), called 4C, 6C, 7C, 10C, 11C, 12C, 13C, 14C, 15C, 17C, 19C, 20C, 22C and 24C. Were also used in the reference 1B, 91B and K1 strains. The inoculated plates were placed in an oven at 18 ° C 48 to 72 hours. The results revealed that none of the isolates showed sensitivity of these regions with the killer of five strains isolated killer test Merlot. However, the pattern and 91B K1 strains are sensitive to the killer factor produced by strains 30M and 12M. The 7M line introduced himself as killer only with respect to strain 91B. The taxonomic identification was first performed by amplifying the ITS region. Thus, three of the five strains analyzed, 7M, 24M and 25M, showed an amplicon at 610 base pairs.Resumo expandido

Caracterização das leveduras isoladas de uvas das cultivares Malvasia Bianca e Moscato Alexandria da região de Farroupilha-RS.

O objetivo deste trabalho foi avaliar a capacidade fermentativa, a produção de sulfeto de hidrogênio, a formação da proteína killer e a sensibilidade ao fator killer de 100 linhagens de leveduras coletadas das bagas de uvas das cultivares Malvasia Bianca e Moscato de Alexandria da região de Farroupilha- RS

TrkB signaling directs the incorporation of newly generated periglomerular cells in the adult olfactory bulb.

In the adult rodent brain, the olfactory bulb (OB) is continuously supplied with new neurons which survival critically depends on their successful integration into pre-existing networks. Yet, the extracellular signals that determine the selection which neurons will be ultimately incorporated into these circuits are largely unknown. Here, we show that immature neurons express the catalytic form of the brain-derived neurotrophic factor receptor TrkB [full-length TrkB (TrkB-FL)] only after their arrival in the OB, at the time when inte-gration commences. To unravel the role of TrkB signaling in newborn neurons, we conditionally ablated TrkB-FL in mice via Cre expression in adult neural stem and progenitor cells. TrkB-deficient neurons displayed a marked impairment in dendritic arborization and spine growth. By selectively manipulating the signaling pathways initiated by TrkB in vivo, we identified the transducers Shc/PI3K to be required for dendritic growth, whereas the activation of phospholipase C-was found to be responsible for spine formation. Further-more, long-term genetic fate mapping revealed that TrkB deletion severely compromised the survival of new dopaminergic neurons, leading to a substantial reduction in the overall number of adult-generated periglomerular cells (PGCs), but not of granule cells (GCs). Surprisingly, this loss of dopaminergic PGCs was mirrored by a corresponding increase in the number of calretinin PGCs, suggesting that distinct subsets of adult-born PGCs may respond differentially to common extracellular signals. Thus, our results identify TrkB signaling to be essential for balancing the incorporation of defined classes of adult-born PGCs and not GCs, reflecting their different mode of integration in the OB. \ua9 2013 the authors

Avaliação da ação da toxina killer produzida por outra linhagem killer.

XV Congresso Latino-Americano de Viticultura e Enologia E XIII Congresso Brasileiro de Viticultura e Enologia. Bento Gonçalves-RS, 3 a 7 de Novembro de 2015

Diferenciação de linhagens de Saccharomyces cerevisiae por PCR-RAPD.

XV Congresso Latino-Americano de Viticultura e Enologia E XIII Congresso Brasileiro de Viticultura e Enologia. Bento Gonçalves-RS, 3 a 7 de Novembro de 2015

Características das linhagens isoladas de bagas de uva da cultivar Moscato tradicional da região de Farroupilha-RS.

XV Congresso Latino-Americano de Viticultura e Enologia E XIII Congresso Brasileiro de Viticultura e Enologia. Bento Gonçalves-RS, 3 a 7 de Novembro de 2015

CERVICALGIA AGUDA LIMITANTE EM PACIENTE IDOSA

Caso clínico: Paciente feminina, 69 anos, apresentou queixa há 10 dias de crises intensas de dor cervical, que irradiavam para membros superiores e impediam-na de movimentar o pescoço. Relatou presença de rigidez matinal com duração de 30 minutos e dores noturnas importantes. A paciente referia gonalgia crônica bilateral e dor em quadril à direita. Realizou exame de Ressonância Magnética de coluna cervical com achados inespecíficos. Complementou-se a investigação com Tomografia Computadorizada (TC) de coluna cervical (Figura 1), exame que elucidou o diagnóstico

Avaliação de sensibilidade de leveduras neutras a linhagens killer não-Saccharomyces.

XV Congresso Latino-Americano de Viticultura e Enologia E XIII Congresso Brasileiro de Viticultura e Enologia. Bento Gonçalves-RS, 3 a 7 de Novembro de 2015

Learning curves: analysing pace and challenge in four successful puzzle games

The pace at which challenges are introduced in a game has long been identified as a key determinant of both the enjoyment and difficulty experienced by game players, and their ability to learn from game play. In order to understand how to best pace challenges in games, there is great value in analysing games already demonstrated as highly engaging. Play-through videos of four puzzle games (Portal, Portal 2 Co-operative mode, Braid and Lemmings), were observed and analysed using metrics derived from a behavioural psychology understanding of how people solve problems. Findings suggest that; 1) the main skills learned in each game are introduced separately, 2) through simple puzzles that require only basic performance of that skill, 3) the player has the opportunity to practice and integrate that skill with previously learned skills, and 4) puzzles increase in complexity until the next new skill is introduced. These data provide practical guidance for designers, support contemporary thinking on the design of learning structures in games, and suggest future directions for empirical research