812 research outputs found
Crocin from Crocus sativus possesses significant antiproliferation effects on human colorectal cancer cells
Aim: To investigate the anti-proliferative effects of Crocus sativus extract and its major constituent, crocin, on three colorectal cancer cell lines (HCT-116, SW-480, and HT-29). The cell growth inhibition effect was compared to that of non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) cells. In addition, Crocus sativusβ effect on non-cancer cells was evaluated. Methods: Using high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC), the purity of crocin and the content of crocin extract were determined. Anti-proliferative effects of Crocus sativus extract and crocin on test cells was evaluated by MTS assay. Results: The purity of crocin was found to be 95.9% and the content of crocin in the extract was 22.9%. Significant concentration-related inhibition effects of the extract on all three colorectal cancer cell lines were observed (P < 0.01). The proliferation was reduced most significantly in HCT-116 cells, to 45.5% at 1.0 mg/ml and to 6.8 % at 3.0 mg/ml. Crocin at 1.0 mM, significantly reduced HCT-116, SW-480, and HT-29 cell proliferation to 2.8%, 52%, and 16.8%, respectively (P < 0.01). Since 3.0 mg/ml Crocus sativus extract contained approximately 0.6 mM crocin, the observed effects suggest that crocin is a major responsible constituent in the extract. Significant anti-proliferative effects were also observed in non-small cell lung cancer cells. However, Crocus sativus extract did not significantly affect the growth of non-cancer young adult mouse colon cells. Conclusion: Data from this study demonstrated that Crocus sativus extract and its major constituent, crocin, significantly inhibited the growth of colorectal cancer cells while not affecting normal cells. Crocus sativus extract should be investigated further as a viable option in the treatment of colorectal cancer.Π¦Π΅Π»Ρ: ΠΈΡΡΠ»Π΅Π΄ΠΎΠ²Π°ΡΡ Π°Π½ΡΠΈΠΏΡΠΎΠ»ΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠ°ΡΠΈΠ²Π½ΡΠΉ ΡΡΡΠ΅ΠΊΡ ΡΠΊΡΡΡΠ°ΠΊΡΠ° Crocus sativus ΠΈ Π΅Π³ΠΎ Π³Π»Π°Π²Π½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ Π΄Π΅ΠΉΡΡΠ²ΡΡΡΠ΅Π³ΠΎ Π²Π΅ΡΠ΅ΡΡΠ²Π°, ΠΊΡΠΎΡΠΈΠ½Π°,
Π½Π° ΡΡΠΈ ΠΊΠ»Π΅ΡΠΎΡΠ½ΡΠ΅ Π»ΠΈΠ½ΠΈΠΈ ΠΊΠΎΠ»ΠΎΡΠ΅ΠΊΡΠ°Π»ΡΠ½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΡΠ°ΠΊΠ° ΡΠ΅Π»ΠΎΠ²Π΅ΠΊΠ° (HCT-116, SW-480 ΠΈ HT-29). ΠΡΡΠ΅ΠΊΡ ΠΈΠ½Π³ΠΈΠ±ΠΈΡΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΡ ΡΠΎΡΡΠ°
ΠΊΠ»Π΅ΡΠΎΠΊ ΠΎΡΠ΅Π½ΠΈΠ²Π°Π»ΠΈ ΠΏΠΎ ΠΎΡΠ½ΠΎΡΠ΅Π½ΠΈΡ ΠΊ ΡΠ°ΠΊΠΎΠ²ΠΎΠΌΡ Π΄Π»Ρ ΠΊΠ»Π΅ΡΠΎΠΊ Π½Π΅ΠΌΠ΅Π»ΠΊΠΎΠΊΠ»Π΅ΡΠΎΡΠ½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΡΠ°ΠΊΠ° Π»Π΅Π³ΠΊΠΎΠ³ΠΎ (ΠΠΠ Π) ΠΈ Π½Π΅ΠΌΠ°Π»ΠΈΠ³Π½ΠΈΠ·ΠΈΡΠΎΠ²Π°Π½Π½ΡΡ
ΠΊΠ»Π΅ΡΠΎΠΊ. ΠΠ΅ΡΠΎΠ΄Ρ: Π΄Π»Ρ ΠΎΡΠΈΡΡΠΊΠΈ ΠΊΡΠΎΡΠΈΠ½Π° ΠΈ ΡΠΎΡΡΠ°Π²Π»ΡΡΡΠΈΡ
ΡΠΊΡΡΡΠ°ΠΊΡΠ° C. sativus ΠΏΡΠΈΠΌΠ΅Π½ΡΠ»ΠΈ Π²ΡΡΠΎΠΊΠΎΡΡΡΠ΅ΠΊΡΠΈΠ²Π½ΡΡ ΠΆΠΈΠ΄ΠΊΠΎΡΡΠ½ΡΡ
Ρ
ΡΠΎΠΌΠ°ΡΠΎΠ³ΡΠ°ΡΠΈΡ (ΠΠΠΠ₯). ΠΠ½ΡΠΈΠΏΡΠΎΠ»ΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠ°ΡΠΈΠ²Π½ΡΠΉ ΡΡΡΠ΅ΠΊΡ ΡΠΊΡΡΡΠ°ΠΊΡΠ° ΠΈ ΠΊΡΠΎΡΠΈΠ½Π° ΠΏΠΎ ΠΎΡΠ½ΠΎΡΠ΅Π½ΠΈΡ ΠΊ ΠΊΠ»Π΅ΡΠΊΠ°ΠΌ ΠΎΡΠ΅Π½ΠΈΠ²Π°Π»ΠΈ ΠΏΡΠΈ
ΠΏΠΎΠΌΠΎΡΠΈ MTS-ΡΠ΅ΡΡΠ°. Π Π΅Π·ΡΠ»ΡΡΠ°ΡΡ: ΡΡΠ΅ΠΏΠ΅Π½Ρ ΠΎΡΠΈΡΡΠΊΠΈ ΠΊΡΠΎΡΠΈΠ½Π° ΡΠΎΡΡΠ°Π²Π»ΡΠ»Π° 95,9%, Π° ΡΠΎΠ΄Π΅ΡΠΆΠ°Π½ΠΈΠ΅ ΠΊΡΠΎΡΠΈΠ½Π° Π² ΡΠΊΡΡΡΠ°ΠΊΡΠ΅ β22,9%.
ΠΡΠΌΠ΅ΡΠ°Π»ΠΈ ΡΡΡΠ΅ΡΡΠ²Π΅Π½Π½ΠΎΠ΅ Π΄ΠΎΠ·ΠΎΠ·Π°Π²ΠΈΡΠΈΠΌΠΎΠ΅ ΡΠ³Π½Π΅ΡΠ΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅ ΠΏΡΠΎΠ»ΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠ°ΡΠΈΠΈ ΠΊΠ»Π΅ΡΠΎΠΊ ΡΡΠ΅Ρ
Π»ΠΈΠ½ΠΈΠΉ ΡΠΊΡΡΡΠ°ΠΊΡΠΎΠΌ C. sativus (P < 0.01). ΠΠ°ΠΈΠ±ΠΎΠ»Π΅Π΅
Π²ΡΡΠ°ΠΆΠ΅Π½Π½ΠΎΠ΅ ΡΠ½ΠΈΠΆΠ΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅ ΠΏΡΠΎΠ»ΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠ°ΡΠΈΠ²Π½ΠΎΠΉ Π°ΠΊΡΠΈΠ²Π½ΠΎΡΡΠΈ ΠΎΠΎΡΠΌΠ΅ΡΠ°Π»ΠΈ Π΄Π»Ρ ΠΊΠ»Π΅ΡΠΎΠΊ HCT-116 (Π΄o 45,5 % ΠΏΡΠΈ 1,0 ΠΌΠ³/ΠΌΠ» ΠΈ Π΄ΠΎ 6,8 % ΠΏΡΠΈ
3,0 ΠΌΠ³/ΠΌΠ»). ΠΡΠΎΡΠΈΠ½ Π² ΠΊΠΎΠ½ΡΠ΅Π½ΡΡΠ°ΡΠΈΠΈ 1,0 ΠΌM, Π·Π½Π°ΡΠΈΡΠ΅Π»ΡΠ½ΠΎ ΠΈΠ½Π³ΠΈΠ±ΠΈΡΡΠ΅Ρ ΠΏΡΠΎΠ»ΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠ°ΡΠΈΡ ΠΊΠ»Π΅ΡΠΎΠΊ HCT-116, SW-480 ΠΈ HT-29 (Π΄ΠΎ 2,8,
52 ΠΈ 16,8% ΡΠΎΠΎΡΠ²Π΅ΡΡΡΠ²Π΅Π½Π½ΠΎ, P < 0,01). ΠΠΎΡΠΊΠΎΠ»ΡΠΊΡ 3,0 ΠΌΠ³/ΠΌΠ» ΡΠΊΡΡΡΠ°ΠΊΡΠ° C. sativus ΡΠΎΠ΄Π΅ΡΠΆΠ°Ρ ΠΏΡΠΈΠ±Π»ΠΈΠ·ΠΈΡΠ΅Π»ΡΠ½ΠΎ 0,6 ΠΌM ΠΊΡΠΎΡΠΈΠ½Π°,
ΠΎΡΠΌΠ΅ΡΠ΅Π½Π½ΠΎΠ΅ Π΄Π΅ΠΉΡΡΠ²ΠΈΠ΅ ΠΏΠ΅ΡΠ²ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΠΏΠΎΠ΄ΡΠ²Π΅ΡΠΆΠ΄Π°Π΅Ρ ΡΠΎΡ ΡΠ°ΠΊΡ, ΡΡΠΎ ΠΊΡΠΎΡΠΈΠ½ β Π³Π»Π°Π²Π½ΠΎΠ΅ Π΄Π΅ΠΉΡΡΠ²ΡΡΡΠ΅Π΅ Π½Π°ΡΠ°Π»ΠΎ ΡΠΊΡΡΡΠ°ΠΊΡΠ°. Π’Π°ΠΊΠΆΠ΅ ΠΏΠΎΠΊΠ°Π·Π°Π½ΠΎ
ΡΡΡΠ΅ΡΡΠ²Π΅Π½Π½ΠΎΠ΅ Π°Π½ΡΠΈΠΏΡΠΎΠ»ΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠ°ΡΠΈΠ²Π½ΠΎΠ΅ Π΄Π΅ΠΉΡΡΠ²ΠΈΠ΅ ΠΏΠΎ ΠΎΡΠ½ΠΎΡΠ΅Π½ΠΈΡ ΠΊ ΠΊΠ»Π΅ΡΠΊΠ°ΠΌ ΠΠΠ Π. ΠΠ΄Π½Π°ΠΊΠΎ C. sativus Π½Π΅ ΠΎΠΊΠ°Π·ΡΠ²Π°Π» Π²ΡΡΠ°ΠΆΠ΅Π½Π½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ
Π΄Π΅ΠΉΡΡΠ²ΠΈΡ Π½Π° ΡΠΎΡΡ Π½Π΅ΠΌΠ°Π»ΠΈΠ³Π½ΠΈΠ·ΠΈΡΠΎΠ²Π°Π½Π½ΡΡ
ΠΊΠ»Π΅ΡΠΎΠΊ ΡΠΎΠ»ΡΡΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΠΊΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠ½ΠΈΠΊΠ° ΠΌΠΎΠ»ΠΎΠ΄ΡΡ
ΠΌΡΡΠ΅ΠΉ. ΠΡΠ²ΠΎΠ΄Ρ: Π΄Π°Π½Π½ΡΠ΅ ΠΏΡΠ΅Π΄ΡΡΠ°Π²Π»Π΅Π½Π½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ
ΠΈΡΡΠ»Π΅Π΄ΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΡ ΠΏΠΎΠΊΠ°Π·ΡΠ²Π°ΡΡ, ΡΡΠΎ ΡΠΊΡΡΡΠ°ΠΊΡ Crocus sativus ΠΈ Π΅Π³ΠΎ Π³Π»Π°Π²Π½ΡΠΉ Π΄Π΅ΠΉΡΡΠ²ΡΡΡΠΈΠΉ ΠΊΠΎΠΌΠΏΠΎΠ½Π΅Π½Ρ ΠΊΡΠΎΡΠΈΠ½ Π·Π½Π°ΡΠΈΡΠ΅Π»ΡΠ½ΠΎ ΠΈΠ½Π³ΠΈΠ±ΠΈΡΡΡΡ
ΡΠΎΡΡ ΠΊΠ»Π΅ΡΠΎΡΠ½ΡΡ
Π»ΠΈΠ½ΠΈΠΉ ΠΊΠΎΠ»ΠΎΡΠ΅ΠΊΡΠ°Π»ΡΠ½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΡΠ°ΠΊΠ° ΠΈ Π² ΡΠΎ ΠΆΠ΅ Π²ΡΠ΅ΠΌΡ Π½Π΅ Π²Π»ΠΈΡΡΡ Π½Π° ΡΠΎΡΡ Π½ΠΎΡΠΌΠ°Π»ΡΠ½ΡΡ
ΠΊΠ»Π΅ΡΠΎΠΊ. Π Π΄Π°Π»ΡΠ½Π΅ΠΉΡΠ΅ΠΌ ΡΠ»Π΅Π΄ΡΠ΅Ρ
ΠΈΠ·ΡΡΠΈΡΡ Π²ΠΎΠ·ΠΌΠΎΠΆΠ½ΠΎΡΡΡ ΠΏΡΠΈΠΌΠ΅Π½Π΅Π½ΠΈΡ Crocus sativus Π΄Π»Ρ Π»Π΅ΡΠ΅Π½ΠΈΡ Π±ΠΎΠ»ΡΠ½ΡΡ
ΠΊΠΎΠ»ΠΎΡΠ΅ΠΊΡΠ°Π»ΡΠ½ΡΠΌ ΡΠ°ΠΊΠΎΠΌ
Capability of four sigmoidoscopy-based screening strategies to predict proximal neoplasia in an asymptomatic Chinese population
Background and Aim:
A proper colonoscopy referral criterion is essential for flexible sigmoidoscopyβbased colorectal cancer screening. We aimed to compare the predictive capability of four existing criteria to detect proximal neoplasia (PN) and advanced proximal neoplasia (APN) in a Chinese population.
Methods:
Asymptomatic Chinese participants aged 50β75 years, who received screening colonoscopy, were consecutively recruited. The four criteria included (i) UK flexible sigmoidoscopy; (ii) Italian Screening for COlon REctum; (iii) NORwegian Colorectal Cancer Prevention trial; and (iv) US clinical index. The sensitivity, specificity, positive/negative predictive value, and the number of subjects needed to screen (NNS)/refer (NNR) to detect one APN/PN were examined. The area under receiver operating characteristic curve was evaluated.
Results:
Among 5833 subjects, 749 (12.8%) and 151 (2.6%) cases were found to have PN and APN, respectively. US criteria achieved the highest sensitivity for PN (49%) and APN (66%), while UK criteria attained the highest specificity (93%) for PN/APN. The lowest NNS was required by US criteria for PN (16 vs 19β38) and APN (58 vs 69β86), while the lowest NNR was required by UK criteria for PN (3.2 vs 4.0β4.8) and APN (7 vs 10β16). The receiver operating characteristic of all four criteria was 0.57β0.61 for PN and 0.68β0.70 for APN.
Conclusions:
Among all the four criteria, US criteria had the highest sensitivity and lowest NNS, while UK criteria achieved the highest specificity and lowest NNR. Their limited discriminatory capability highlighted the need for a new score to predict PN/APN in Chinese populations
The association between distal findings and proximal colorectal neoplasia: a systematic review and meta-analysis
Objectives:
Whether screening participants with distal hyperplastic polyps (HPs) detected by flexible sigmoidoscopy (FS) should be followed by subsequent colonoscopy is controversial. We evaluated the association between distal HPs and proximal neoplasia (PN)/advanced proximal neoplasia (APN) in asymptomatic, average-risk patients.
Methods:
We searched Ovid Medline, EMBASE, and the Cochrane Library from inception to 30 June 2016 and included all screening studies that examined the relationship between different distal findings and PN/APN. Data were independently extracted by two reviewers with disagreements resolved by a third reviewer. We pooled absolute risks and odds ratios (ORs) with a random effects meta-analysis. Seven subgroup analyses were performed according to study characteristics. Heterogeneity was characterized with theI2 statistics.
Results:
We analyzed 28 studies (104,961 subjects). When compared with normal distal findings, distal HP was not associated with PN (OR=1.16, 95% confidence interval (CI)=0.89β1.51,P=0.14,I2=40%) or APN (OR=1.09, 95% CI=0.87β1.36,P=0.39,I2=5%), while subjects with distal non-advanced or advanced adenoma had higher odds of PN/APN. Higher odds of PN/APN were observed for more severe distal lesions. Weaker association between distal and proximal findings was noticed in studies with higher quality, larger sample size, population-based design, and more stringent endoscopy quality-control measures. The Eggerβs regression tests showed allP>0.05.
Conclusions:
Distal HP is not associated with PN/APN in asymptomatic screening population when compared with normal distal findings. Hence, the presence of distal HP alone detected by FS does not automatically indicate colonoscopy referral for all screening participants, as other risk factors of PN/APN should be considered
A measurement of parity-violating gamma-ray asymmetries in polarized cold neutron capture on 35Cl, 113Cd, and 139La
An apparatus for measuring parity-violating asymmetries in gamma-ray emission
following polarized cold neutron capture was constructed as a 1/10th scale test
of the design for the forthcoming n+p->d+gamma experiment at LANSCE. The
elements of the polarized neutron beam, including a polarized 3He neutron spin
filter and a radio frequency neutron spin rotator, are described. Using CsI(Tl)
detectors and photodiode current mode readout, measurements were made of
asymmetries in gamma-ray emission following neutron capture on 35Cl, 113Cd, and
139La targets. Upper limits on the parity-allowed asymmetry were set at the level of 7 x 10^-6 for all three
targets. Parity-violating asymmetries were observed in
35Cl, A_gamma = (-29.1 +- 6.7) x 10^-6, and 139La, A_gamma = (-15.5 +- 7.1) x
10^-6, values consistent with previous measurements.Comment: 19 pages, 4 figures, submitted to Nucl. Instr. and Meth.
Low-Luminosity Accretion in Black Hole X-ray Binaries and Active Galactic Nuclei
At luminosities below a few percent of Eddington, accreting black holes
switch to a hard spectral state which is very different from the soft
blackbody-like spectral state that is found at higher luminosities. The hard
state is well-described by a two-temperature, optically thin, geometrically
thick, advection-dominated accretion flow (ADAF) in which the ions are
extremely hot (up to K near the black hole), the electrons are also
hot ( K), and thermal Comptonization dominates the X-ray
emission. The radiative efficiency of an ADAF decreases rapidly with decreasing
mass accretion rate, becoming extremely low when a source reaches quiescence.
ADAFs are expected to have strong outflows, which may explain why relativistic
jets are often inferred from the radio emission of these sources. It has been
suggested that most of the X-ray emission also comes from a jet, but this is
less well established.Comment: To appear in "From X-ray Binaries to Quasars: Black Hole Accretion on
All Mass Scales" edited by T. Maccarone, R. Fender, L. Ho, to be published as
a special edition of "Astrophysics and Space Science" by Kluwe
Non-perturbative momentum dependence of the coupling constant and hadronic models
Models of hadron structure are associated with a hadronic scale which allows
by perturbative evolution to calculate observables in the deep inelastic
region. The resolution of Dyson-Schwinger equations leads to the freezing of
the QCD running coupling (effective charge) in the infrared, which is best
understood as a dynamical generation of a gluon mass function, giving rise to a
momentum dependence which is free from infrared divergences. We use this new
development to understand why perturbative treatments are working reasonably
well despite the smallness of the hadronic scale.Comment: Changes in Acknowledgments and PACS number
Recent glitches detected in the Crab pulsar
From 2000 to 2010, monitoring of radio emission from the Crab pulsar at
Xinjiang Observatory detected a total of nine glitches. The occurrence of
glitches appears to be a random process as described by previous researches. A
persistent change in pulse frequency and pulse frequency derivative after each
glitch was found. There is no obvious correlation between glitch sizes and the
time since last glitch. For these glitches and
span two orders of magnitude. The pulsar suffered the
largest frequency jump ever seen on MJD 53067.1. The size of the glitch is
6.8 Hz, 3.5 times that of the glitch occured in
1989 glitch, with a very large permanent changes in frequency and pulse
frequency derivative and followed by a decay with time constant 21 days.
The braking index presents significant changes. We attribute this variation to
a varying particle wind strength which may be caused by glitch activities. We
discuss the properties of detected glitches in Crab pulsar and compare them
with glitches in the Vela pulsar.Comment: Accepted for publication in Astrophysics & Space Scienc
Relation Between Chiral Susceptibility and Solutions of Gap Equation in Nambu--Jona-Lasinio Model
We study the solutions of the gap equation, the thermodynamic potential and
the chiral susceptibility in and beyond the chiral limit at finite chemical
potential in the Nambu--Jona-Lasinio (NJL) model. We give an explicit relation
between the chiral susceptibility and the thermodynamic potential in the NJL
model. We find that the chiral susceptibility is a quantity being able to
represent the furcation of the solutions of the gap equation and the
concavo-convexity of the thermodynamic potential in NJL model. It indicates
that the chiral susceptibility can identify the stable state and the
possibility of the chiral phase transition in NJL model.Comment: 21 pages, 6 figures, misprints are correcte
Ganoderma lucidum extract inhibits proliferation of SW 480 human colorectal cancer cells
Aim: Ganoderma lucidum is a commonly used Chinese herb and an important ingredient in traditional Chinese medicine herbal formulations for immune dysfunction related illnesses. The effects of this medicinal mushroom on human colorectal cancer cells have not yet been evaluated. In this study, we investigated the effects of Ganoderma lucidum extract using SW 480 human colorectal cancer cell line. Materials and Methods: Two different fractions of Ganoderma lucidum extract, i.e., a fraction containing mainly polysaccharides (GLE-1), and a triterpenoid fraction without polysaccharides (GLE-2) were analyzed. Their antiproliferative activity was evaluated by cell proliferation assay and 3H-thymidine incorporation assay. Scavenging effects of DPPH radical were assessed using ESR-spectroscopy. Results: Our data showed that both GLE-1 and GLE-2 significantly inhibited the proliferation of SW 480 cells. The inhibitory effect of GLE-2 was much stronger than that of GLE-1. GLE-1 inhibited DNA synthesis in the cells and reduced the formation of DPPH radicals. Conclusion: Ganoderma lucidum extract inhibits proliferation of human colorectal cancer cells and possesses antioxidant properties.Π¦Π΅Π»Ρ: Π΄Π»Ρ Π»Π΅ΡΠ΅Π½ΠΈΡ Π·Π°Π±ΠΎΠ»Π΅Π²Π°Π½ΠΈΠΉ, ΡΠ²ΡΠ·Π°Π½Π½ΡΡ
Ρ Π½Π°ΡΡΡΠ΅Π½ΠΈΡΠΌΠΈ ΡΡΠ½ΠΊΡΠΈΠΎΠ½ΠΈΡΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΡ ΠΈΠΌΠΌΡΠ½Π½ΠΎΠΉ ΡΠΈΡΡΠ΅ΠΌΡ, Π² ΡΡΠ°Π΄ΠΈΡΠΈΠΎΠ½Π½ΠΎΠΉ ΠΊΠΈΡΠ°ΠΉΡΠΊΠΎΠΉ
ΠΌΠ΅Π΄ΠΈΡΠΈΠ½Π΅ ΡΠ°ΡΡΠΎ ΠΈΡΠΏΠΎΠ»ΡΠ·ΡΡΡ ΠΏΡΠ΅ΠΏΠ°ΡΠ°ΡΡ Π½Π° ΠΎΡΠ½ΠΎΠ²Π΅ Ganoderma lucidum. Π Π΄Π°Π½Π½ΠΎΠΉ ΡΠ°Π±ΠΎΡΠ΅ Π±ΡΠ»ΠΎ ΠΈΠ·ΡΡΠ΅Π½ΠΎ Π²Π»ΠΈΡΠ½ΠΈΠ΅ ΡΠΊΡΡΡΠ°ΠΊΡΠ° Ganoderma
lucidum Π½Π° ΠΊΠ»Π΅ΡΠΊΠΈ ΠΊΠΎΠ»ΠΎΡΠ΅ΠΊΡΠ°Π»ΡΠ½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΡΠ°ΠΊΠ° ΡΠ΅Π»ΠΎΠ²Π΅ΠΊΠ° Π»ΠΈΠ½ΠΈΠΈ SW 480. ΠΠ°ΡΠ΅ΡΠΈΠ°Π»Ρ ΠΈ ΠΌΠ΅ΡΠΎΠ΄Ρ: ΠΈΠ·ΡΡΠ°Π»ΠΈ Π΄Π²Π΅ ΡΡΠ°ΠΊΡΠΈΠΈ ΡΠΊΡΡΡΠ°ΠΊΡΠ°
Ganoderma lucidum: ΡΡΠ°ΠΊΡΠΈΡ GLE-1, ΡΠΎΠ΄Π΅ΡΠΆΠ°ΡΡΡ ΠΏΠΎΠ»ΠΈΡΠ°Ρ
Π°ΡΠΈΠ΄Ρ, ΠΈ ΡΡΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΏΠ΅Π½ΠΎΠΈΠ΄Π½ΡΡ ΡΡΠ°ΠΊΡΠΈΡ GLE-2. ΠΡ
ΡΠΎΡΡ-ΠΈΠ½Π³ΠΈΠ±ΠΈΡΡΡΡΡΡ
Π°ΠΊΡΠΈΠ²Π½ΠΎΡΡΡ ΠΎΠΏΡΠ΅Π΄Π΅Π»ΡΠ»ΠΈ Ρ ΠΏΠΎΠΌΠΎΡΡΡ Π°Π½Π°Π»ΠΈΠ·Π° ΠΊΠ»Π΅ΡΠΎΡΠ½ΠΎΠΉ ΠΏΡΠΎΠ»ΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠ°ΡΠΈΠΈ ΠΈ ΠΏΠΎ Π²ΠΊΠ»ΡΡΠ΅Π½ΠΈΡ 3
H-ΡΠΈΠΌΠΈΠ΄ΠΈΠ½Π°. ΠΠ»Ρ ΠΎΡΠ΅Π½ΠΊΠΈ Π°Π½ΡΠΈΠΎΠΊΡΠΈΠ΄Π°Π½ΡΠ½ΠΎΠΉ
Π°ΠΊΡΠΈΠ²Π½ΠΎΡΡΠΈ ΠΈΡΠΏΠΎΠ»ΡΠ·ΠΎΠ²Π°Π»ΠΈ ΠΠ‘Π -ΡΠΏΠ΅ΠΊΡΡΠΎΡΠΊΠΎΠΏΠΈΡ. Π Π΅Π·ΡΠ»ΡΡΠ°ΡΡ: ΠΎΠ±Π΅ ΡΡΠ°ΠΊΡΠΈΠΈ Ganoderma lucidum ΠΏΠΎΠ΄Π°Π²Π»ΡΠ»ΠΈ ΠΏΡΠΎΠ»ΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠ°ΡΠΈΡ ΠΊΠ»Π΅ΡΠΎΠΊ
SW 480. Π ΠΎΡΡ-ΠΈΠ½Π³ΠΈΠ±ΠΈΡΡΡΡΠΈΠΉ ΡΡΡΠ΅ΠΊΡ GLE-2 Π±ΡΠ» Π±ΠΎΠ»Π΅Π΅ Π²ΡΡΠ°ΠΆΠ΅Π½Π½ΡΠΌ, ΡΠ΅ΠΌ ΡΡΠ°ΠΊΡΠΈΠΈ GLE-1. Π€ΡΠ°ΠΊΡΠΈΡ GLE-1 ΠΏΠΎΠ΄Π°Π²Π»ΡΠ»Π° ΡΠΈΠ½ΡΠ΅Π· ΠΠΠ
Π² ΠΊΠ»Π΅ΡΠΊΠ°Ρ
Π»ΠΈΠ½ΠΈΠΈ SW 480 ΠΈ ΠΏΠΎΠ½ΠΈΠΆΠ°Π»Π° ΡΡΠΎΠ²Π΅Π½Ρ ΡΠΎΡΠΌΠΈΡΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΡ DPPH ΡΠ°Π΄ΠΈΠΊΠ°Π»ΠΎΠ². ΠΡΠ²ΠΎΠ΄Ρ: ΡΠΊΡΡΡΠ°ΠΊΡ Ganoderma lucidum ΠΏΠΎΠ΄Π°Π²Π»ΡΠ΅Ρ
ΠΏΡΠΎΠ»ΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠ°ΡΠΈΡ ΠΊΠ»Π΅ΡΠΎΠΊ ΠΊΠΎΠ»ΠΎΡΠ΅ΠΊΡΠ°Π»ΡΠ½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΡΠ°ΠΊΠ° ΡΠ΅Π»ΠΎΠ²Π΅ΠΊΠ° ΠΈ ΠΎΠ±Π»Π°Π΄Π°Π΅Ρ Π°Π½ΡΠΈΠΎΠΊΡΠΈΠ΄Π°Π½ΡΠ½ΡΠΌΠΈ ΡΠ²ΠΎΠΉΡΡΠ²Π°ΠΌΠΈ
The fully differential single-top-quark cross section in next-to-leading order QCD
We present a new next-to-leading order calculation for fully differential
single-top-quark final states. The calculation is performed using phase space
slicing and dipole subtraction methods. The results of the methods are found to
be in agreement. The dipole subtraction method calculation retains the full
spin dependence of the final state particles. We show a few numerical results
to illustrate the utility and consistency of the resulting computer
implementations.Comment: 37 pages, latex, 2 ps figure
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