Reply to Hagen & Sudarshan's Comment

We show that the argument in Phys Rev Lett 70 (1993) 1360 is correct and consistent, and that Hagen & Sudarshan's solution has inconsistency leading to non-vanishing commutators of $[P^1, P^2]$ and $[P^j, H]$ even in physical states. This proves that many of HS's statements in their Comment are based merely on incorrect guess, but not on careful algebra.Comment: one page, UMN-TH-1245/9

Acceptance conditions in automated negotiation

In every negotiation with a deadline, one of the negotiating parties has to accept an offer to avoid a break off. A break off is usually an undesirable outcome for both parties, therefore it is important that a negotiator employs a proficient mechanism to decide under which conditions to accept. When designing such conditions one is faced with the acceptance dilemma: accepting the current offer may be suboptimal, as better offers may still be presented. On the other hand, accepting too late may prevent an agreement from being reached, resulting in a break off with no gain for either party. Motivated by the challenges of bilateral negotiations between automated agents and by the results and insights of the automated negotiating agents competition (ANAC), we classify and compare state-of-the-art generic acceptance conditions. We focus on decoupled acceptance conditions, i.e. conditions that do not depend on the bidding strategy that is used. We performed extensive experiments to compare the performance of acceptance conditions in combination with a broad range of bidding strategies and negotiation domains. Furthermore we propose new acceptance conditions and we demonstrate that they outperform the other conditions that we study. In particular, it is shown that they outperform the standard acceptance condition of comparing the current offer with the offer the agent is ready to send out. We also provide insight in to why some conditions work better than others and investigate correlations between the properties of the negotiation environment and the efficacy of acceptance condition

Comparison of Two Self-organization and Hierarchical Routing Protocols for Ad Hoc Networks

International audienceIn this article, we compare two self-organization and hierarchical routing protocols for ad hoc networks. These two protocols apply the reverse approach from the classical one, since they use a reactive routing protocol inside the clusters and a proactive routing protocol between the clusters. We compare them regarding the cluster organization they provide and the routing that is then performed over it. This study gives an idea of the impact of the use of recursiveness and of the partition of the DHT on self-organization and hierarchical routing in ad hoc networks

Hybrid meson decay from the lattice

We discuss the allowed decays of a hybrid meson in the heavy quark limit. We deduce that an important decay will be into a heavy quark non-hybrid state and a light quark meson, in other words, the de-excitation of an excited gluonic string by emission of a light quark-antiquark pair. We discuss the study of hadronic decays from the lattice in the heavy quark limit and apply this approach to explore the transitions from a spin-exotic hybrid to $\chi_b \eta$ and $\chi_b S$ where $S$ is a scalar meson. We obtain a signal for the transition emitting a scalar meson and we discuss the phenomenological implications.Comment: 18 pages, LATEX, 3 ps figure

Geometric Quantization of Topological Gauge Theories

We study the symplectic quantization of Abelian gauge theories in $2+1$ space-time dimensions with the introduction of a topological Chern-Simons term.Comment: 13 pages, plain TEX, IF/UFRJ/9

Trapping polarization of light in nonlinear optical fibers: An ideal Raman polarizer

The main subject of this contribution is the all-optical control over the state of polarization (SOP) of light, understood as the control over the SOP of a signal beam by the SOP of a pump beam. We will show how the possibility of such control arises naturally from a vectorial study of pump-probe Raman interactions in optical fibers. Most studies on the Raman effect in optical fibers assume a scalar model, which is only valid for high-PMD fibers (here, PMD stands for the polarization-mode dispersion). Modern technology enables manufacturing of low-PMD fibers, the description of which requires a full vectorial model. Within this model we gain full control over the SOP of the signal beam. In particular we show how the signal SOP is pulled towards and trapped by the pump SOP. The isotropic symmetry of the fiber is broken by the presence of the polarized pump. This trapping effect is used in experiments for the design of new nonlinear optical devices named Raman polarizers. Along with the property of improved signal amplification, these devices transform an arbitrary input SOP of the signal beam into one and the same SOP towards the output end. This output SOP is fully controlled by the SOP of the pump beam. We overview the sate-of-the-art of the subject and introduce the notion of an "ideal Raman polarizer"

A quantum field-theoretical perspective on scale anomalies in 1D systems with three-body interactions

We analyze, from a canonical quantum field theory (QFT) perspective, the problem of one-dimensional particles with three-body attractive interactions, which was recently shown to exhibit a scale anomaly identical to that observed in two-dimensional (2D) systems with two-body interactions. We study in detail the properties of the scattering amplitude including both bound and scattering states, using cutoff and dimensional regularization, and clarify the connection between the scale anomaly derived from thermodynamics to the nonvanishing non-relativistic trace of the energy-momentum tensor

Leaf Extracts of Calocedrus formosana (Florin) Induce G2/M Cell Cycle Arrest and Apoptosis in Human Bladder Cancer Cells

Calocedrus formosana (Florin) bark acetone/ethylacetate extracts are known to exert an antitumor effect on some human cancer cell lines, but the mechanism is yet to be defined. The aim of this study was to determine the effects of Florin leaf methanol extracts on the growth and apoptosis of human bladder cancer cell lines. MTT (3-(4,5-Dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide) assay showed that the growth of these bladder cancer cells was potently inhibited by the Florin leaf extracts. The cell cycle of these extract-treated cells (TCCSUP cells) was arrested at the G2/M phase as determined by flow cytometry. Western blot analysis revealed the increases of cyclin B1 and Cdc2 kinase levels, alone with the decrease of phosphorylated Cdc2 kinase, after treating these cells with the extracts. An immunofluorescence assessment of β-tubulin showed decreased levels of polymerized tubulin in treated cells. However, the proteolytic cleavage of poly ADP-ribose polymerase and the activation of caspase-3/-8/-9 were all increased upon treatments of extracts. The concurrent increase of Bax and decrease of Bcl-2 levels indicated that the extracts could induce apoptosis in these treated cells. Taken together, these results suggest that the Florin leaf extracts may be an effective antibladder cancer agent

A bayesian multilevel modeling approach for data query in wireless sensor networks

In power-limited Wireless Sensor Network (WSN), it is important to reduce the communication load in order to achieve energy savings. This paper applies a novel statistic method to estimate the parameters based on the realtime data measured by local sensors. Instead of transmitting large real-time data, we proposed to transmit the small amount of dynamic parameters by exploiting both temporal and spatial correlation within and between sensor clusters. The temporal correlation is built on the level-1 Bayesian model at each sensor to predict local readings. Each local sensor transmits their local parameters learned from historical measurement data to their cluster heads which account for the spatial correlation and summarize the regional parameters based on level-2 Bayesian model. Finally, the cluster heads transmit the regional parameters to the sink node. By utilizing this statistical method, the sink node can predict the sensor measurements within a specified period without directly communicating with local sensors. We show that this approach can dramatically reduce the amount of communication load in data query applications and achieve significant energy savings

Quantum Anomaly and Thermodynamics of One-Dimensional Fermions with Three-Body Interactions

We show that a system of three species of one-dimensional fermions, with an attractive three-body contact interaction, features a scale anomaly directly related to the anomaly of two-dimensional fermions with two-body contact forces. We show, furthermore, that those two cases (and their multispecies generalizations) are the only nonrelativistic systems with contact interactions that display a scale anomaly. While the two-dimensional case is well known and has been under study both experimentally and theoretically for years, the one-dimensional case presented here has remained unexplored. For the latter, we calculate the impact of the anomaly on the equation of state, which appears through the generalization of Tan's contact for three-body forces, and determine the pressure at finite temperature. In addition, we show that the third-order virial coefficient is proportional to the second-order coefficient of the two-dimensional two-body case