Shedding light on typical species : implications for habitat monitoring

Habitat monitoring in Europe is regulated by Article 17 of the Habitats Directive, which suggests the use of typical species to assess habitat conservation status. Yet, the Directive uses the term “typical” species but does not provide a definition, either for its use in reporting or for its use in impact assessments. To address the issue, an online workshop was organized by the Italian Society for Vegetation Science (SISV) to shed light on the diversity of perspectives regarding the different concepts of typical species, and to discuss the possible implications for habitat monitoring. To this aim, we inquired 73 people with a very different degree of expertise in the field of vegetation science by means of a tailored survey composed of six questions. We analysed the data using Pearson's Chi-squared test to verify that the answers diverged from a random distribution and checked the effect of the degree of experience of the surveyees on the results. We found that most of the surveyees agreed on the use of the phytosociological method for habitat monitoring and of the diagnostic and characteristic species to evaluate the structural and functional conservation status of habitats. With this contribution, we shed light on the meaning of “typical” species in the context of habitat monitoring

Efeito de Níveis de Fósforo e Alumínio sobre Estruturas da Espiga de Trigo.

Foram cultivadas duas cultivares de trigo, CNT 10 e PAT 7392, sob duas concentrações de P (40 e 160 ppm de P,O,) e quatro níveis de calcário (0, 114, 112 e 1 SMP). As plantas foram mantidas em casa de vegetação, até a alongação, e transferidas para câmara de crescimento, aí permanecendo até o estádio de grão em massa. Na maturação, foram avaliadas estruturas das espigas da planta-mãe. A PAT 7392 mostrou maior potencial de produção de matéria seca (palha e grão), bem como de converter maior proporção dos fotossintatos em grãos, enquanto que a CNT 10 em estruturas vegetativas.Made available in DSpace on 2011-04-09T12:21:07Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 pab06set91.pdf: 588831 bytes, checksum: 51247fcabe0ec46e5d905b77854fb096 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2002-02-07199

Efeito de Níveis de Fósforo e Alumínio sobre Estruturas Vegetativas do Sistema Aéreo de Trigo.

Duas cultivares de trigo, CNT 10 e PAT 7392, foram serneadas sob duas concentrações de fósforo (40 e 160 ppm P,O,) e quatro níveis de calcário (0, 114, 112 e 1 SMP). As plantas foram mantidas em casa de vegetação até a alongação e transféridas para câmara de crescimento até o estádio de grão em massa. Na maturação, foram avaliados carácteres do sistema aéreo da planta-mãe, observando-se que mostraram respostas diferentes às alterações edáficas impostas: CNT 10 caracterizou uma cultivar tolerante ao alumínio, mais eficiente no aproveitamento de baixos teores de fósforo no solo, mas não-responsiva ao nutriente; PAT 7392 mostrou ser menos tolerante ao alumínio, menos eficiente mas mais responsiva ao fósforo

Efeito de Níveis de Fósforo e Alumínio sobre Estruturas Vegetativas do Sistema Aéreo de Trigo.

Duas cultivares de trigo, CNT 10 e PAT 7392, foram serneadas sob duas concentrações de fósforo (40 e 160 ppm P,O,) e quatro níveis de calcário (0, 114, 112 e 1 SMP). As plantas foram mantidas em casa de vegetação até a alongação e transféridas para câmara de crescimento até o estádio de grão em massa. Na maturação, foram avaliados carácteres do sistema aéreo da planta-mãe, observando-se que mostraram respostas diferentes às alterações edáficas impostas: CNT 10 caracterizou uma cultivar tolerante ao alumínio, mais eficiente no aproveitamento de baixos teores de fósforo no solo, mas não-responsiva ao nutriente; PAT 7392 mostrou ser menos tolerante ao alumínio, menos eficiente mas mais responsiva ao fósforo.Made available in DSpace on 2011-04-09T12:21:09Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 pab07set91.pdf: 652766 bytes, checksum: 2cc99ad0be04cfa1cdc310eb51f2d46e (MD5) Previous issue date: 2002-02-07199

Vascular complications of black patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus in Southern Brazil

Ethnicity has been shown to be associated with micro- and macrovascular complications of diabetes in European and North American populations. We analyzed the contribution of ethnicity to the prevalence of micro- and macrovascular complications in Brazilian subjects with type 2 diabetes attending the national public health system. Data from 1810 subjects with type 2 diabetes (1512 whites and 298 blacks) were analyzed cross-sectionally. The rates of ischemic heart disease, peripheral vascular disease, stroke, distal sensory neuropathy, and diabetic retinopathy were assessed according to self-reported ethnicity using multiple logistic regression models. Compared to whites, black subjects [odds ratio = 1.72 (95%CI = 1.14-2.6)] were more likely to have ischemic heart disease when data were adjusted for age, sex, fasting plasma glucose, HDL cholesterol, hypertension, smoking habit, and serum creatinine. Blacks were also more likely to have end-stage renal disease [3.2 (1.7-6.0)] and proliferative diabetic retinopathy [1.9 (1.1-3.2)] compared to whites when data were adjusted for age, sex, fasting plasma glucose, HDL cholesterol, hypertension, and smoking habit. The rates of peripheral vascular disease, stroke and distal sensory neuropathy did not differ between groups. The higher rates of ischemic heart disease, end-stage renal disease and proliferative diabetic retinopathy in black rather than in white Brazilians were not explained by differences in conventional risk factors. Identifying which aspects of ethnicity confer a higher risk for these complications in black patients is crucial in order to understand why such differences exist and to develop more effective strategies to reduce the onset and progression of these complications