Emprendimiento y economía gig: un análisis bibliométrico

[EN] There is an increasing number of academic publications on studying the impact of the gig economy and digital platforms. Some of them involve entrepreneurship and business models. However, there is a lack of a global picture depicting the scientific structure of knowledge regarding the gig economy and entrepreneurship. This paper presents a conceptual, intellectual, and social bibliometric overview, using Bibliometrix and Biblioshiny (R-packages). To this end, total of 345 published articles were analyzed, covering 245 sources, 44 countries and 751 authors. There are several important findings: five main clusters emerged from the study (Self-employment and social economy; Sharing economy and sustainable development; Entrepreneurship and innovation; Gig economy and platform economy; and Digitalization); the main themes that emerge deal with sharing, gig, and platform economy, digitalization, teleworking, career participation and platforms; finally, gig workers are key for developing strategies, policies, and actions to achieve a social welfare through entrepreneurship in the platform ecosystem. It is also important to highlight the role of communities and social capital in the development of sustainable collaborative initiatives through digital entrepreneurship.[ES] Existe un número cada vez mayor de publicaciones académicas sobre el estudio del impacto de la economía gig y las plataformas digitales. Algunos de ellos incluyen el espíritu emprendedor y el modelo de negocio. Sin embargo, como falta una imagen global que describa la estructura científica del conocimiento con respecto a la economía gig y el emprendimiento, este artículo presenta una descripción bibliométrica conceptual, intelectual y social, utilizando Bibliometrix y Biblioshiny (paquetes R). Para ello, analizó un total de 345 artículos, que abarcan 245 fuentes, 44 países y 751 autores. Hay varios hallazgos importantes: cinco grupos principales surgieron del estudio (Autoempleo y economía social; Economía compartida y desarrollo sostenible; Emprendimiento e innovación; Economía Gig y economía de plataformas; y Digitalización); los principales temas que surgen tratan sobre el intercambio, la economía gig y las plataformas, la digitalización, el teletrabajo, la participación profesional y las plataformas; finalmente, los trabajadores gig son clave para desarrollar estrategias, políticas y acciones para lograr un bienestar social a través del emprendimiento en el ecosistema de las plataformas digitales. También es importante destacar el papel de las comunidades y el capital social en el desarrollo de iniciativas colaborativas sostenibles a través del emprendimiento digital

The use and relevance of gonad protection shields in children during hips radiography

Considering that ionizing radiation effects are cumulative and the gonads are particularly sensitive to these effects, and also the clinical importance of pelvic radiographs in children, the excess of radiation exposure to the gonads must be avoided. The purpose of this study is to demonstrate the relevance of the correct use of gonad protection shields and to evaluate their use on the hip radiographs performed in a reference clinical institution, through the retrospective analysis of pelvic radiographic images performed in children. According the image quality assessment, 20 (40%) patients were unprotected and gonads shields were incorrectly placed in 24 (80%) patients.Dado que os efeitos da radiação ionizante são cumulativos e as gónadas são particularmente sensíveis a estes efeitos, e também pela importância clínica das radiografias pélvicas nas crianças, deve evitar-se a exposição excessiva da região gonadal à radiação. Neste estudo, pretende-se demonstrar a relevância da correcta utilização da protecção gonadal e avaliar a sua utilização em radiografias da bacia. Através da análise retrospectiva de imagens radiográficas da bacia realizadas em crianças, concluiu-se que não foi utilizada a protecção gonadal em 20 (40%) pacientes, e estas foram incorrectamente colocadas em 24 (80%) pacientes

Data quality issues in environmental sensing with smartphones

This paper presents the results of a study about the performance and, consequently, challenges of using smartphones as data gatherers in mobile sensing campaigns to environmental monitoring. It is shown that there are currently a very large number of devices technologically enabled for tech-sensing with minimal interference of the users. On other hand, the newest devices seem to broke the sensor diversity trend, therefore making the approach of environmental sensing in the ubiquitous computing scope using smartphones sensors a more difficult task. This paper also reports on an experiment, emulating different common scenarios, to evaluate if the performance of environmental sensor-rich smartphones readings obtained in daily situations are reliable enough to enable useful collaborative sensing. The results obtained are promising for temperature measurements only when the smartphone is not being handled because the typical use of the device pollutes the measurements due to heat transfer and other hardware aspects. Also, we have found indicators of data quality issues on humidity sensors embedded in smartphones. The reported study can be useful as initial information about the behaviour of smartphones inner sensors for future crowdsensing application developers.This work has been supported by COMPETE: POCI-01-0145-FEDER-007043 and FCT - Fundacao para a Ciencia e Tecnologia within the Project Scope: UID/CEC/00319/2013.info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersio

Cells: Segway for Genetically Desired Cattle through Embryotic Development Sequencings and Genetic Mapping

Cells have a direct relation to understanding cattle genetic information aside from the cell’s main role of housing genetic material. Gene presence being visible through phenotypic characteristics of living organisms allows for researchers to pinpoint specific genetic markers to access and evaluate the genetic information for desired visible traits. On a molecular level, through the interaction between cattle embryos and bovine cells, researchers can pair this information with current technological innovation to better understand on how genetics are manipulated naturally by environmental elements, which can have a direct effect on countries where cattle milk and meat production are the major contributors to economic stability. This overview of past, current, and potential future research involving cells can provide an understanding of the importance in cells and their relationship with biotechnology innovation. Through techniques involving cells and genetic analysis, various methods can be utilized to overcome limitations of cattle reproduction and increase the presence of desirable cattle traits, which in turn not only aid in the economic success of countries dependent on cattle products, but can also open the door to human therapeutics

Behaviour of Human Erythrocyte Aggregation in Presence of Autologous Lipoproteins

The aim of this work was to evaluate in vitro the effect of autologous plasma lipoprotein subfractions on erythrocyte tendency to aggregate. Aliquots of human blood samples were enriched or not (control) with their own HDL-C, LDL-C, or VLDL-C fractions obtained from the same batch by density gradient ultracentrifugation. Plasma osmolality and erythrocyte aggregation index (EAI) were determined. Blood aliquots enriched with LDL-C and HDL-C showed significant higher EAI than untreated aliquots, whereas enrichment with VLDL-C does not induce significant EAI changes. For the same range of lipoprotein concentrations expressed as percentage of osmolality variation, the EAI variation was positive and higher in presence of HDL-C than upon enrichment with LDL-C (P < 0.01). Particle size, up to LDL diameter values, seems to reinforce erythrocyte tendency to aggregate at the same plasma osmolality (particle number) range of values

Deviation prediction and correction on low-cost atmospheric pressure sensors using a machine-learning algorithm

The datasets used in this work are available in the Zenodo repository, with digital identifier (DOI) as 10.5281/zenodo.3560299.Atmospheric pressure sensors are important devices for several applications, including environment monitoring and indoor positioning tracking systems. This paper proposes a method to enhance the quality of data obtained from low-cost atmospheric pressure sensors using a machine learning algorithm to predict the error behaviour. By using the extremely Randomized Trees algorithm, a model was trained with a reference sensor data for temperature and humidity and with all low-cost sensor datasets that were co-located into an artificial climatic chamber that simulated different climatic situations. Fifteen low-cost environmental sensor units, composed by five different models, were considered. They measure - together - temperature, relative humidity and atmospheric pressure. In the evaluation, three categories of output metrics were considered: raw; trained by the independent sensor data; and trained by the low-cost sensor data. The model trained by the reference sensor was able to reduce the Mean Absolute Error (MAE) between atmospheric pressure sensor pairs by up to 67%, while the same ensemble trained with all low-cost data was able to reduce the MAE by up to 98%. These results suggest that low-cost environmental sensors can be a good asset if their data are properly processed.- (undefined

Development and use of touch-screen computer-assisted self interviewing in Portuguese patients with chronic immune diseases: Evaluation of an electronic version of SF-36v2

Abstract Aim:The major purpose of this study was to evaluate alternative automated methods of collecting data on health related quality of life (HR-QoL). In order to achieve this, we developed a study with the following objectives: (1) to evaluated the feasibility of electronic version in patients with different chronic pathologies of the immune system using Short Form 36version2 (SF-36v2), (2) to evaluate the construct validity of SF-36v2 using the electronic data capture, and (3) to compare electronic version questionnaires with paper questionnaires in terms of patients ´ acceptance, data quality, and reliability. Methods:Out-patients with chronic immune diseases (HIV infection, lupus, scleroderma, rheumatoid arthritis, Behçet and Sjögren), were randomly selected to completed electronic and paper SF- 36v2 (n=50) before consultation in Clinical Immunology Unit, in Hospital Santo António-Centro Hospitalar do Porto (CI-HGSA). Results: There were very high correlations in SF- 36v2 responses (p< .001) between the paper and electronic forms. Internal reliability coefficients (Cronbach’s a) showed good internal consistency for all reported responses in either, computer and paper. There were no missing data in electronic version or paper. About 84% of the patients prefer to use the computer version in future. Conclusion: The electronic HR-QoL assessment is technically possible and it can provide reliable and valid clinically significant information which can either be used in routine care appointments

Seleção de clones de copa de seringueira resistentes ao mal das folhas.

A fim de selecionar novos materiais genéticos para novos cultivos o trabalho teve por objetivos estimar os parâmetros genéticos de clones de copas de seringueira resistentes ao M. ulei nas condições edafoclimáticas da Amazônia Tropical Úmida, durante seis anos de produção em análise conjunta