Treatment of giant cell tumours of bone by radical curettage and bone cement

Background: Giant cell tumour of bone remains a difficult and challenging management problems because there are no absolute clinical radiographic or histologic parameters that accurately predict the tendency of any single lesion to recur or metastasize.Methods: We performed surgery on 12 patients of GCT with radical curettage and bone cement over a period of 5.8 years. Results were evaluated using the musculoskeletal skeletal grading system.Results: The present series consists of 12 case of GCT age ranging from 16-45 years. Painful swelling was the commonest presentation, limitation of motion was seen in 9 cases and pathological fracture was seen in 1 case. 9 of the tumour occurred around knee joint. Rare involvement of talus was seen in 1 case. Overall 9 patients had a perfect functional score of 30 points and 1 patient scored less than 20 points.Conclusions: Acrylic cement reconstruction is safe and effective procedure that provides local adjuvant therapy, the cement field defect is mechanically stable. Patient can bear weight immediately and rehabilitate quickly

Synovial lipoma of the ankle and foot: a rare case report

Synovial lipomatosis is an extremely rare type of disease in which there is an excess of adipose tissue involving the synovium layer of joints or synovial sheath around the tendons causing pain, paraesthesia, and weakness. The most common site being reported till now is Knee joint or parapatellar space other joints such as elbows and shoulders are being reported after the knee joint, and the ankle joint is rarely reported 2 cases have been reported in the English literature. We report a case of a 28-year-old male presenting with swelling of the right foot for 12 years and developed symptoms of pain and tingling on the toes for 2-3 weeks. Multiple bony hard lesions were palpated on the base of the foot, ultrasonography (USG) showed a subcutaneous lesion around the extensor tendons of the foot and fine needle aspiration cytology (FNAC) had a picture of the synovial cyst. Surgical excision was done and histopathology was reported to be as a fibrofatty tissue with multiple adipocytes suggesting lipoma arborescent

Sub-arcsecond imaging with the International LOFAR Telescope I. Foundational calibration strategy and pipeline

The International LOFAR Telescope is an interferometer with stations spread across Europe. With baselines of up to ~2000 km, LOFAR has the unique capability of achieving sub-arcsecond resolution at frequencies below 200 MHz. However, it is technically and logistically challenging to process LOFAR data at this resolution. To date only a handful of publications have exploited this capability. Here we present a calibration strategy that builds on previous high-resolution work with LOFAR. It is implemented in a pipeline using mostly dedicated LOFAR software tools and the same processing framework as the LOFAR Two-metre Sky Survey (LoTSS). We give an overview of the calibration strategy and discuss the special challenges inherent to enacting high-resolution imaging with LOFAR, and describe the pipeline, which is publicly available, in detail. We demonstrate the calibration strategy by using the pipeline on P205+55, a typical LoTSS pointing with an 8 h observation and 13 international stations. We perform in-field delay calibration, solution referencing to other calibrators in the field, self-calibration of these calibrators, and imaging of example directions of interest in the field. We find that for this specific field and these ionospheric conditions, dispersive delay solutions can be transferred between calibrators up to ~1.5° away, while phase solution transferral works well over ~1°. We also demonstrate a check of the astrometry and flux density scale with the in-field delay calibrator source. Imaging in 17 directions, we find the restoring beam is typically ~0.3′′ ×0.2′′ although this varies slightly over the entire 5 deg2 field of view. We find we can achieve ~80–300 μJy bm−1 image rms noise, which is dependent on the distance from the phase centre; typical values are ~90 μJy bm−1 for the 8 h observation with 48 MHz of bandwidth. Seventy percent of processed sources are detected, and from this we estimate that we should be able to image roughly 900 sources per LoTSS pointing. This equates to ~ 3 million sources in the northern sky, which LoTSS will entirely cover in the next several years. Future optimisation of the calibration strategy for efficient post-processing of LoTSS at high resolution makes this estimate a lower limit

In vitro inhibitory activities of selected Australian medicinal plant extracts against protein glycation, angiotensin converting enzyme (ACE) and digestive enzymes linked to type II diabetes

This article is distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons license, and indicate if changes were made. The Creative Commons Public Domain Dedication waiver (http://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/zero/1.0/) applies to the data made available in this article, unless otherwise stated.Background There is a need to develop potential new therapies for the management of diabetes and hypertension. Australian medicinal plants collected from the Kuuku I’yu (Northern Kaanju) homelands, Cape York Peninsula, Queensland, Australia were investigated to determine their therapeutic potential. Extracts were tested for inhibition of protein glycation and key enzymes relevant to the management of hyperglycaemia and hypertension. The inhibitory activities were further correlated with the antioxidant activities. Methods Extracts of five selected plant species were investigated: Petalostigma pubescens, Petalostigma banksii, Memecylon pauciflorum, Millettia pinnata and Grewia mesomischa. Enzyme inhibitory activity of the plant extracts was assessed against α-amylase, α-glucosidase and angiotensin converting enzyme (ACE). Antiglycation activity was determined using glucose-induced protein glycation models and formation of protein-bound fluorescent advanced glycation endproducts (AGEs). Antioxidant activity was determined by measuring the scavenging effect of plant extracts against 1, 1-diphenyl-2-picryl hydrazyl (DPPH) and using the ferric reducing anti-oxidant potential assay (FRAP). Total phenolic and flavonoid contents were also determined. Results Extracts of the leaves of Petalostigma banksii and P. pubescens showed the strongest inhibition of α-amylase with IC50 values of 166.50 ± 5.50 μg/mL and 160.20 ± 27.92 μg/mL, respectively. The P. pubescens leaf extract was also the strongest inhibitor of α-glucosidase with an IC50 of 167.83 ± 23.82 μg/mL. Testing for the antiglycation potential of the extracts, measured as inhibition of formation of protein-bound fluorescent AGEs, showed that P. banksii root and fruit extracts had IC50 values of 34.49 ± 4.31 μg/mL and 47.72 ± 1.65 μg/mL, respectively, which were significantly lower (p < 0.05) than other extracts. The inhibitory effect on α-amylase, α-glucosidase and the antiglycation potential of the extracts did not correlate with the total phenolic, total flavonoid, FRAP or DPPH. For ACE inhibition, IC50 values ranged between 266.27 ± 6.91 to 695.17 ± 15.38 μg/mL. Conclusions The tested Australian medicinal plant extracts inhibit glucose-induced fluorescent AGEs, α-amylase, α-glucosidase and ACE with extracts of Petalostigma species showing the most promising activity. These medicinal plants could potentially be further developed as therapeutic agents in the treatment of hyperglycaemia and hypertension

Sub-arcsecond imaging with the International LOFAR Telescope. I.: Foundational calibration strategy and pipeline

InstrumentationGalaxie

Custom mega prosthetic reconstruction of juxta articular giant cell tumors

Introduction: Giant cell tumor (GCT) also called osteoclastoma of bone is the most common osteolytic bone tumor encountered by an orthopedic surgeon. En bloc resection of major joints creates a problem for the reconstruction of large defects. Recent advances in tumor resection defects involve the use of custom-built joints for the reconstruction of defects near joints. This article analyzes the functional outcomes after resection of juxta articular GCTs and reconstruction by custom mega prosthetic arthroplasty. Aims and Objectives: To study the functional results of custom mega prosthetic reconstruction in juxta articular GCTs with intra articular extension. Materials and Methods: Four patients with juxta articular GCTs around the hip and knee with mean age of 40 yrs (range 30 to 50 yrs) underwent resection and reconstruction by custom mega prosthetic arthroplasty during the period 2011 to 2013. Two patients were males and two were females. All of them were in Enneking stage 3. Proximal femur was involved in one patient, distal femur in one and proximal tibia in two patients. Results: Functional results were analyzed using Ennekings criteria. Excellent results were obtained in all the patients without recurrence, periprosthetic fractures, infections or aseptic loosening. Conclusion: By using the technique of custom mega prosthetic reconstruction in juxta articular GCTs with pathological fractures or intra articular extension, the desired goals of reconstruction with good functional results and least complications can be achieved

Custom prosthetic reconstruction of proximal tibial giant cell tumor

Giant cell tumor (GCT) also called osteoclastoma of bone is the most common bone tumor encountered by an orthopedic surgeon. GCT generally occurs in skeletally mature individuals with peak incidence in the third decade of life. Less than 5% are found in patients with open physis and only about 10% of cases occur in patients older than 65 years. We present a case of proximal tibia GCT managed with custom mega prosthetic arthroplasty

Effect of concomitant administration of L-glutamine and cycloart-23-ene-3β, 25-diol (B2) with sitagliptin in GLP-1 (7-36) amide secretion, biochemical and oxidative stress in streptozotocin - nicotinamide induced diabetic Sprague Dawley rats.

Previously we have reported that, cycloart-23-ene-3β, 25-diol (called as B2) and L-glutamine stimulated glucagon like peptide-1 (GLP-1) (7-36) amide secretion diabetic rats. The objective of present investigation was to investigate the concomitant administration of cycloart-23-ene-3β, 25-diol+sitagliptin and L-glutamine+sitagliptin in streptozotocin - nicotinamide induced diabetic Sprague Dawley. Type 2 diabetes was induced in overnight fasted male Sprague Dawley rats pre-treated with nicotinamide (100 mg/kg, i.p.) followed by administration of streptozotocin (55 mg/kg, i.p.) 20 min after. The rats were divided into; I- non-diabetic, II- diabetic control, III- Sitagliptin (5 mg/kg, p.o.)+cycloart-23-ene-3β, 25-diol (1 mg/kg, p.o.), IV- Sitagliptin (5 mg/kg, p.o.)+L-glutamine (1000 mg/kg, p.o.). The concomitant treatment of cycloart-23-ene-3β, 25-diol and L-glutamine with sitagliptin was 8 weeks. Plasma glucose, body weight, food and water intake were determined every week. Glycosylated haemoglobin, lipid profile, plasma and colonic active (GLP-1) (7-36) amide, plasma and pancreatic insulin, histology of pancreata and biomarkers of oxidative stress were measured after 8(th) week treatment. Concomitant administration of cycloart-23-ene-3β, 25-diol and L-glutamine with sitagliptin significantly (p<0.001) reduced plasma glucose, glyoxylated haemoglobin, lipid profile and oxidative stress parameters compared to diabetic control groups. Both concomitant treatment increased plasma and pancreatic insulin as well as plasma and colonic active (GLP-1) (7-36) amide secretion. Histological analysis by Gomori staining observed less destruction of pancreatic β cells. The result obtained from this study; it is concluded that concomitant administration of cycloart-23-ene-3β, 25-diol+sitagliptin and L-glutamine+sitagliptin showed additive antihyperglycaemic effect in diabetic rats