Efecto del sistema de producción y la edad de sacrificio sobre parámetros productivos, calidad de la canal y rendimiento económico de la producción de terneros y añojos de raza Tudanca

Se estudió el efecto de dos sistemas productivos (semi-extensivo: pasto y concentrado en cantidad limitada o intensivo: paja y concentrado ad libitum) y dos edades de sacrificio (12 o 14 meses) (lotes 12SE, 14SE, 12IN y 14IN) sobre los parámetros productivos y la calidad de la canal de 33 teneros de raza Tudanca destetados con 5 meses. El consumo de concentrado desde el destete hasta el sacrificio fue de 368, 494, 1.198 y 1.493 kg MS/animal, respectivamente. El sistema productivo con concentrado ad libitum tuvo un efecto positivo sobre el peso vivo al sacrificio, el rendimiento y el peso de la canal. Estos parámetros también se vieron positivamente afectados por el incremento en la edad de sacrificio de forma que no se observaron diferencias entre los lotes 14SE y 12IN. El engrasamiento de la canal del lote 12SE fue inferior a los otros tres lotes, entre los cuales no hubo diferencias. El porcentaje de grasa diseccionable de la 6ª costilla y de grasa intramuscular fue superior en el sistema intensivo y no se vio afectado por la edad de sacrificio. El peso de la grasa perirrenal fue superior en los animales del sistema intensivo y se incrementó con la edad de sacrificio. Los animales del sistema semi-extensivo presentaron mayor eficiencia de utilización de la energía. Sólo se obtuvo un margen económico positivo en el sistema semi-extensivo (161 €/cabeza). Mientras que este margen aumentó con la edad de sacrificio en el sistema semi-extensivo, disminuyó en el intensivo

La siringomielia como factor de riesgo en la cirugía vertebral: Utilidad de los potenciales evocados intraoperatorios en un caso

Toda intervención quirúrgica sobra la columna vertebral conlleva un riesgo de lesión medular. Éste se multiplica cuando existe una patología medular de base. En los últimos años, gracias a la aparición de la monitorización neurofisiológica intraoperatoria, las complicaciones neurológicas intraoperatorias han disminuido. En el siguiente artículo, exponemos un caso de escoliosis secundaria a sirigomielia, en el que gracias al uso de potenciales evocados durante la cirugía, se han podido evitar lesiones neurológica irreversibles.Surgical correction of spinal deformities entails a risk of medullary dramage, and this can be higher when medullar pathology is associated. In last years, intraoperative neurological complications have decreased thanks to the intraoperative monitoring of neurophysiological parameters. In this work, we review a patient with scoliosis secondary to syringomyelia. The use of somatosensory evoked potentials during surgery allowed avoiding irreversible neurological complications

Dynamic Grouping of Hippocampal Neural Activity During Cognitive Control of Two Spatial Frames

Hippocampal neurons represent two concurrent streams of spatial information by transiently organizing into subpopulations of coactive neurons and can reflect the most behaviorally relevant information at any given time

MnemoCity Task: Assessment of Childrens Spatial Memory Using Stereoscopy and Virtual Environments

[EN] This paper presents the MnemoCity task, which is a 3D application that introduces the user into a totally 3D virtual environment to evaluate spatial short-term memory. A study has been carried out to validate the MnemoCity task for the assessment of spatial short-term memory in children, by comparing the children s performance in the developed task with current approaches. A total of 160 children participated in the study. The task incorporates two types of interaction: one based on standard interaction and another one based on natural interaction involving physical movement by the user. There were no statistically significant differences in the results of the task using the two types of interaction. Furthermore, statistically significant differences were not found in relation to gender. The correlations between scores were obtained using the MnemoCity task and a traditional procedure for assessing spatial short-term memory. Those results revealed that the type of interaction used did not affect the performance of children in the MnemoCity task.This work was funded mainly by the Spanish Ministry of Economy and Competitiveness (MINECO) through the CHILDMNEMOS project (TIN2012-37381-C02-01) and confinanced by the European Regional Development Fund (FEDER). Other financial support was received from the Gobierno de Aragon (Departamento de Industria e Innovacion), and Fondo Social Europeo for Aragon.Rodríguez-Andrés, D.; Juan, M.; Mendez Lopez, M.; Pérez Hernández, E.; Lluch Crespo, J. (2016). MnemoCity Task: Assessment of Childrens Spatial Memory Using Stereoscopy and Virtual Environments. PLoS ONE. 11(8):1-28. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0161858S12811

Modelização de agroecossistemas como ferramenta de comunicação em ambientes de montanha no Brasil e na Argentina

O presente artigo avalia metodologia de modelização como instrumento comunicativo para trabalhar de forma sistêmica a percepção de agricultores familiares sobre as potencialidades e fragilidades, ecológica e produtiva, de seus agroecossistemas, fundamentado na análise de sistemas de produção de base agroecológica e convencional desenvolvidos em ambientes de montanha. Parte-se de caracterização geral do contexto ambiental e produtivo local para, em seguida, com base em levantamento participativo com famílias agricultoras, estabelecer a modelização de quatro agroecossistemas, sendo dois no Brasil e dois na Argentina. A modelização possibilitou analisar o contexto socioprodutivo das famílias agricultoras em ambientes montanos nos dois países, a partir dos fluxos econômicos e ecológicos em seus agroecossistemas, identificando oportunidades e restrições, em suas unidades de produção, para a inserção de práticas agroecológicas associadas às estratégias de reprodução econômica, construídas historicamente no contexto sociocultural local, tendo por base análise das relações entre as variáveis determinantes para as decisões estratégicas adotadas. A metodologia de análise de agroecossistemas representa instrumento importante para diálogos, pesquisas e ações para o desenvolvimento rural sustentável de regiões de montanha e contribui com subsídios para políticas públicas, bem como para a elaboração e implantação de projetos sociais e ambientais com foco na agroecologia e agricultura familiar

Sex differences in spatial memory: Comparison of three tasks using the same virtual context

Spatial memory has been studied through different instruments and tools with different modalities of administration. The cognitive load varies depending on the measure used and it should be taken into account to correctly interpret results. The aim of this research was to analyze how men and women perform three different spatial memory tasks with the same spatial context but with different cognitive demands. A total of 287 undergraduate students from the University of Almeria (Spain) and the University of L’Aquila (Italy) participated in the study. They were divided into three groups balanced by sex according to the spatial memory test they performed: the Walking Space Boxes Room Task (WSBRT), the Almeria Spatial Memory Recognition Test (ASMRT) and the Non-Walking Space Boxes Room Task (NWSBRT). Time spent and number of errors/correct answers were registered for analysis. In relation to the WSBRT and the ASMRT, men were faster and reached the optimal level of performance before women. In the three tests, familiarity with the spatial context helped to reduce the number of errors, regardless of the level of difficulty. In conclusion, sex differences were determined by the familiarity with the spatial context, the difficulty level of the task, the active or passive role of the participant and the amount of visual information provided in each screen shot

Hydrogen Atom Transfer Reactions of the Unsaturated Hydroxycarbyne Complex [W2Cp2(μ-COH)(μ-PPh2)2]BF4

The hydroxycarbyne complex salt [W2Cp2(μ- COH)(μ-PPh2)2]BF4 (1) reacted rapidly with water in the presence of the oxidant [FeCp2]BF4 to give the hydroxo complex salt [W2Cp2(OH)(μ-PPh2)2(CO)]BF4, a preparation that could be replicated using the neutral carbonyl complex [W2Cp2(μ-PPh2)2(μ-CO)] (2) instead. A similar reaction took place slowly with HSPh and rapidly in the presence of [FeCp2]BF4, to yield the known 32-electron complex salt [W2Cp2(SPh)(μ-PPh2)2(CO)]BF4. In contrast, 1 did not react with PhOH or H2Np-tol even in the presence of [FeCp2]BF4. However, a fast reaction between these molecules and 2 took place in the presence of [FeCp2]BF4, to give the phenolato complex salt [W2Cp2(OPh)(μ-PPh2)2(CO)]BF4 and the imido-hydride [W2Cp2(μ-H)(Np-tol)(μ-PPh2)2(CO)]BF4 (W−W = 2.9135(8) Å), respectively, after formal elimination of hydrogen. The hydroxycarbyne complex 1 reacted rapidly with PH2Cy to give the hydride derivative [W2Cp2(H)(μ-PPh2)2(CO)(PH2Cy)]BF4, this requiring H-migration from O to W atoms. The M−H bonds in the latter hydride cations were deprotonated by strong bases to give the corresponding neutral complexes [W2Cp2(Nptol)( μ-PPh2)2(CO)] and [W2Cp2(μ-PPh2)2(CO)(PH2Cy)]. Compound 1 also reacted easily with two-electron donors such as NCMe, CNtBu, and CNp-tol, to give products derived from the addition of two molecules of reagent in each case, and some rearrangement of the COH ligand. The first reaction gave the new cationic complex [W2Cp2(μ-PPh2)2(μ-N:N,N′- N2HC2Me2)(CO)]BF4, derived from the C−C coupling of two nitrile molecules accompanied by an O to N shift of the hydroxycarbyne proton. In contrast, no C−C coupling processes were observed in the reactions with isocyanides, although proton migration occurred in all cases, either to the metal (reaction with CNtBu), to give the hydride [W2Cp2(H)(μ-PPh2)2(μ- CNtBu)(CNtBu)]BF4, or to the N atom of one of the incoming isocyanides (reaction with CNp-tol), to give the aminocarbyne derivative [W2Cp2{μ-CN(H)p-tol}(μ-PPh2)2(CNp-tol)(CO)]BF4