Exposing the human nude phenotype [4]

Peer reviewedSubmitted Versio

THE APPLICATION OF HEATMAPS FOR VISUALIZING CHANGES IN LIFE QULITY FOR THE CONSTITUATE ENTITIES OF THE RUSSIAN FEDERATION

The main task of visualization is to facilitate the perception of data for its subsequent analysis. For example, data visualization is necessary when studying the patterns of change in the parameters of the system under study. Heat maps are a means for visually extracting information from multidimensional data sets and provide visual evaluation of a systems condition. The article considers the use of heat maps for visualizing a data set characterizing the quality of life of the Russian population. Such visualization of data effectively realizes the above goals.Главной задачей визуализации является облегчение восприятия данных для их последующего анализа, например, при исследовании закономерностей изменения параметров исследуемой системы. Тепловые карты являются средством для визуального извлечения информации, содержащейся в многомерных наборах данных и обеспечения визуальной оценки эффективности функционирования системы, которая характеризуется этим набором данных. В статье рассматривается применение тепловых карт для визуализации набора данных, характеризующих качество жизни населения РФ. Такое представление информации обеспечивает эффективную реализацию обозначенных выше целей

The Lambda-Lambda Interaction and ^{6}_{Lambda Lambda}He

An OBE potential model for the ^{1}S_0 S = -2 interaction is analyzed with emphasis on the role of coupling between the Lambda Lambda, N Xi, and Sigma Sigma channels. Singlet scalar exchange, an approximation to two-pion exchange, is significant in all channels; surprisingly, the one-pion exchange component is almost negligible. The size of the channel coupling as a function of the overall strength of the OBE model potential is examined. Implications of the analysis for the binding energy of ^{6}_{Lambda Lambda}He are considered; the new experimental datum may suggest a consistency between the extracted Lambda Lambda matrix element and the relation implied by SU(3) among OBE baryon-baryon interactions. \\Comment: 4 pages brief report to Physical Review

What Does Free Space Lambda-Lambda Interaction Predict for Lambda-Lambda Hypernuclei?

Data on Lambda-Lambda hypernuclei provide a unique method to learn details on the strangeness S =-2 sector of the baryon-baryon interaction. From the free space Bonn-Julich potentials, determined from data on baryon-baryon scattering in the S=0,-1 channels, we construct an interaction in the S =-2 sector to describe the experimentally known Lambda-Lambda hypernuclei. After including short--range (Jastrow) and RPA correlations, we find masses for these Lambda-Lambda hypernuclei in a reasonable agreement with data, taking into account theoretical and experimental uncertainties. Thus, we provide a natural extension, at low energies, of the Bonn-Julich OBE potentials to the S =-2 channel.Comment: 4 pages, 2 figures, revtex4 style. Minor changes in conclusions. References updated. Accepted in Phys. Rev. Let

All clinically-relevant blood components transmit prion disease following a single blood transfusion: a sheep model of vCJD

Variant CJD (vCJD) is an incurable, infectious human disease, likely arising from the consumption of BSE-contaminated meat products. Whilst the epidemic appears to be waning, there is much concern that vCJD infection may be perpetuated in humans by the transfusion of contaminated blood products. Since 2004, several cases of transfusion-associated vCJD transmission have been reported and linked to blood collected from pre-clinically affected donors. Using an animal model in which the disease manifested resembles that of humans affected with vCJD, we examined which blood components used in human medicine are likely to pose the greatest risk of transmitting vCJD via transfusion. We collected two full units of blood from BSE-infected donor animals during the pre-clinical phase of infection. Using methods employed by transfusion services we prepared red cell concentrates, plasma and platelets units (including leucoreduced equivalents). Following transfusion, we showed that all components contain sufficient levels of infectivity to cause disease following only a single transfusion and also that leucoreduction did not prevent disease transmission. These data suggest that all blood components are vectors for prion disease transmission, and highlight the importance of multiple control measures to minimise the risk of human to human transmission of vCJD by blood transfusion

Hyperon-hyperon interactions and properties of neutron matter

We present results from Brueckner-Hartree-Fock calculatons for beta stable neutron star matter with nucleonic and hyperonic degress degrees of freedom, employing the most recent parametrizations of the baryon-baryon interaction of the Nijmegen group. It is found that the only strange baryons emergin in beta stable matter up to total barionic densities of 1.2 fm^-3 are $\Sigma^-$ and $\Lambda$. The corresponding equations of state are then used to compute properties of neutron stars such as masses and radii.Comment: 27 pages, LateX, includes 8 PostScript figures, (submitted to PRC

Neutron Star Constraints on the H Dibaryon

We study the influence of a possible H dibaryon condensate on the equation of state and the overall properties of neutron stars whose population otherwise contains nucleons and hyperons. In particular, we are interested in the question of whether neutron stars and their masses can be used to say anything about the existence and properties of the H dibaryon. We find that the equation of state is softened by the appearance of a dibaryon condensate and can result in a mass plateau for neutron stars. If the limiting neutron star mass is about that of the Hulse-Taylor pulsar a condensate of H dibaryons of vacuum mass 2.2 GeV and a moderately attractive potential in the medium could not be ruled out. On the other hand, if the medium potential were even moderately repulsive, the H, would not likely exist in neutron stars. If neutron stars of about 1.6 solar mass were known to exist, attractive medium effects for the H could be ruled out. Certain ranges of dibaryon mass and potential can be excluded by the mass of the Hulse-Taylor pulsar which we illustrate graphically.Comment: Revised by the addition of a figure showing the region of dibaryon mass and potential excluded by the Hulse-Taylor pulsar. 18 pages, 11 figures, latex (submitted to Phys. Rev. C

αV Integrin Induces Multicellular Radioresistance in Human Nasopharyngeal Carcinoma via Activating SAPK/JNK Pathway

BACKGROUND:Tumor cells acquire the capacity of resistance to chemotherapy or radiotherapy via cell-matrix and cell-cell crosstalk. Integrins are the most important cell adhesion molecules, in which αV integrin mainly mediating the tight contact between tumor cells. METHODOLOGY/PRINCIPAL FINDINGS:To investigate the role of αV integrin in multi-cellular radioresistance (MCR) of human nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC), we performed immunohistochemistry and Western blotting to find that the expression of αV integrin in the tumor tissue of radioresistant patients is much higher than that in radiosensitive patients. In vitro, we cultured human NPC cell line CNE-2 cells as multi-cellular spheroids (MCSs) or as monolayer cells (MCs), and found that the expression of αV integrin in MCSs is significantly higher than that in MCs. MTT, flow cytometry and clonogenic survival assays showed that MCSs are less sensitive to X-ray irradiation than MCs while blocking of αV integrin in MCSs dramatically reversed their radioresistance. Furthermore, as detected by Western blotting, MCSs displayed sustained activation of the stress-activated protein kinase/c-Jun NH2-terminal kinase (SAPK/JNK) pathway in presence of irradiation. Blocking of αV integrin in MCSs decreased the expression of phosphorylated JNK. Additionally, blocking of SAPK/JNK signaling pathway synergistically induced apoptosis of MCSs exposed to irradiation by increasing the expression of cleaved caspase-3. In vivo, we found that irradiation combined with αV integrin blocking treatment significantly enhanced the radiosensitivity of NPC xenografts. CONCLUSIONS:Our results indicate a novel role of αV integrin in multi-cellular radioresistance of NPCs