1,144 research outputs found
Specialist nectar-yeasts decline with urbanization in Berlin
Nectar yeasts are common inhabitants of insect-pollinated flowers but factors
determining their distribution are not well understood. We studied the
influence of host identity, environmental factors related to
pollution/urbanization, and the distance to a target beehive on local
distribution of nectar yeasts within Robinia pseudoacacia L. and Tilia
tomentosa Moench in Berlin, Germany. Nectar samples of six individuals per
species were collected at seven sites in a 2 km radius from each target
beehive and plated on YM-Agar to visualise the different morphotypes, which
were then identified by sequencing a section of the 26S rDNA gene.
Multivariate linear models were used to analyze the effects of all
investigated factors on yeast occurrence per tree. Yeast distribution was
mainly driven by host identity. The influence of the environmental factors
(NO2, height of construction, soil sealing) strongly depended on the radius
around the tree, similar to the distance of the sampled beehive. Incidence of
specialist nectar-borne yeast species decreased with increasing
pollution/urbanization index. Given that specialist yeast species gave way to
generalist yeasts that have a reduced dependency on pollinators for between-
flower dispersal, our results indicate that increased urbanization may
restrict the movement of nectar-specialized yeasts, via limitations of
pollinator foraging behavior
The Geriatrics Workforce Enhancement Program: Occupational Therapy’s Imperative Role in Interprofessional Education
This paper will expound on the findings discovered from efforts made by including an occupational therapist on an interprofessional education initiative charged with developing content to enhance knowledge of geriatrics for health care providers, community-dwelling older adults, and caregivers in medically underserved areas. We will describe the actions of the interprofessional team and present data about the impact of collaborative, systematic input on one educational program taught primarily by the occupational therapist. We will then describe the personal and professional growth opportunities experienced by the occupational therapist on this initiative, and impart the challenges faced and provide recommendations to overcome them. Finally, we will discuss practical implications for advancing interprofessional education and occupational therapy at other institutions
The Geriatrics Workforce Enhancement Program: Occupational Therapy’s Imperative Role in Interprofessional Education
This paper will expound on the findings discovered from efforts made by including an occupational therapist on an interprofessional education initiative charged with developing content to enhance knowledge of geriatrics for health care providers, community-dwelling older adults, and caregivers in medically underserved areas. We will describe the actions of the interprofessional team and present data about the impact of collaborative, systematic input on one educational program taught primarily by the occupational therapist. We will then describe the personal and professional growth opportunities experienced by the occupational therapist on this initiative, and impart the challenges faced and provide recommendations to overcome them. Finally, we will discuss practical implications for advancing interprofessional education and occupational therapy at other institutions
MODE DE TRANSMISSION D'UNE FUSION CENTRIQUE DANS LA DESCENDANCE D'UN BOUC (CAPRA HIRCUS L.) HÉTÉROZYGOTE
Indigenous Arbuscular Mycorrhizal Fungal Assemblages Protect Grassland Host Plants from Pathogens
Plant roots can establish associations with neutral, beneficial and pathogenic groups of soil organisms. Although it has been recognized from the study of individual isolates that these associations are individually important for plant growth, little is known about interactions of whole assemblages of beneficial and pathogenic microorganisms associating with plants
Training community care workers to provide comprehensive TB⁄HIV⁄PMTCT integrated care in KwaZulu-Natal: Lessons learnt
To describe a participatory approach to implement and evaluate ways to integrate and traincommunity care workers (CCWs) to enhance collaborative TB⁄HIV⁄PMTCT activities, and home-basedHIV counseling and testing (HCT) at community level. The intervention study was conducted in Sisonke, a rural district of KwaZulu Natal, SouthAfrica. A baseline household (HH) survey was conducted in 11 villages. Six villages were randomlyselected into intervention and control clusters. Training was provided first to CCWs from the inter-vention cluster (IC) followed by the control cluster (CC). Routine monthly data from CCWs werecollected from March–December 2010. The data was subjected to bivariate tests
Developmental stage of oligodendrocytes determines their response to activated microglia in vitro
<p>Abstract</p> <p>Background</p> <p>Oligodendrocyte progenitor cells (OPCs) and mature oligodendrocytes are both lost in central nervous system injury and disease. Activated microglia may play a role in OPC and oligodendrocyte loss or replacement, but it is not clear how the responses of OPCs and oligodendrocytes to activated microglia differ.</p> <p>Methods</p> <p>OPCs and microglia were isolated from rat cortex. OPCs were induced to differentiate into oligodendrocytes with thyroid hormone in defined medium. For selected experiments, microglia were added to OPC or oligodendrocyte cultures. Lipopolysaccharide was used to activate microglia and microglial activation was confirmed by TNFα ELISA. Cell survival was assessed with immunocytochemistry and cell counts. OPC proliferation and oligodendrocyte apoptosis were also assessed.</p> <p>Results</p> <p>OPCs and oligodendrocytes displayed phenotypes representative of immature and mature oligodendrocytes, respectively. Activated microglia reduced OPC survival, but increased survival and reduced apoptosis of mature oligodendrocytes. Activated microglia also underwent cell death themselves.</p> <p>Conclusion</p> <p>Activated microglia may have divergent effects on OPCs and mature oligodendrocytes, reducing OPC survival and increasing mature oligodendrocyte survival. This may be of importance because activated microglia are present in several disease states where both OPCs and mature oligodendrocytes are also reacting to injury. Activated microglia may simultaneously have deleterious and helpful effects on different cells after central nervous system injury.</p
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