A922 Sequential measurement of 1 hour creatinine clearance (1-CRCL) in critically ill patients at risk of acute kidney injury (AKI)

Meeting abstrac

Enzymatic polymorphism in natural populations of the sawfly Diprion pini L. (Hymenoptera : Diprionidae)

Diprion pini L is a sawfly whose larvae cause sudden, brief and spectacular defoliation on Pinus sylvestris. In France, bivoltine populations in lowland areas and univoltine populations in mountain areas cohabit, all living in forests located at varying distances from each other. The characteristics of the diapause of mountain populations are different from those of lowland populations. Six natural populations were studied using enzymatic electrophoresis to identify markers reflecting genetic heterogeneity in the French D pini populations: three lowland (Rambouillet, Romorantin, Lorris) and three mountain populations (Saint-Just-Saint-Rambert, Ceillac, Fontchristianne). The study of enzymatic polymorphism concentrated on six loci: three polymorphic esterase loci, a monomorphic malate dehydrogenase locus, a monomorphic and a polymorphic amino-peptidase loci. The determination of genetic distance between populations did not allow us to discriminate between bivoltine lowland populations and univoltine mountain populations. The populations fell into two subgroups: those from the Alps and Rambouillet, and those from central France (Lorris, Romorantin and Saint-Just-Saint-Rambert). (Résumé d'auteur

Variations clonales de l'aptitude du pin sylvestre à assurer le développement de Diprion pini L (Hym, Diprionidae) en milieu naturel

Influence of some Scots pine clones on Diprion pini L (Hym, Diprionidae) development. Noxious effect in field. The study attempts to confirm in nature the noxious effect of some Scots pine clones from Polish origin on Diprion pini. Up to now, this noxiousness has only been proved in standard laboratory conditions by feeding the insects with cut pine shoots. Because significant natural populations were lacking during recent years, the first experiments were carried out in 1991, 1992 and 1993 with larvae issued from a permanent rearing strain of D pini. These larvae were transferred to tree collections of Orleans and Cadouin in Dordogne (France) and put on several vegetative copies of different Scots pine clones. These tests encountered many difficulties due to the weakness of the laboratory strain in natural climatic conditions, the lack of synchronization between reared insect and natural insect generations, the natural parasites and the distance between the lab and Cadouin. On the other hand, the real aptitudes of the clones in situ may only be proved during a real outbreak of the sawfly. However, an earlier mortality and a slower development are clearly shown when the insects develop on clones previously noted as unfavorable to D pini in laboratory bioassays.L'étude tend à confirmer sur le terrain la nocivité pour Diprion pini de clones de pin sylvestre de provenance polonaise jusqu'à présent testée seulement en conditions standard au laboratoire en nourrissant l'insecte avec des rameaux coupés. Du fait de l'absence de populations naturelles importantes au cours des années récentes, les premières expérimentations ont été réalisées en 1991, 1992 et 1993 avec des larves issues d'un élevage permanent de Diprion pini transportées sur les copies végétatives de différents clones dans les parcs à clones d'Orléans et de Cadouin en Dordogne, France. Bien que ces essais aient rencontré de réelles difficultés dues à la fragilité des insectes de laboratoire vis-à-vis des conditions climatiques, au problème de faire coïncider leur cycle biologique avec celui des insectes sur le terrain, au parasitisme naturel et à l'éloignement de Cadouin par rapport au site d'élevage des insectes, et bien que l'aptitude des clones in situ ne puisse vraiment être prouvée qu'au cours d'une véritable gradation de l'insecte, ils mettent clairement en évidence une mortalité plus précoce et un développement plus lent des insectes qui se sont développés sur les clones s'étant montrés défavorables à D pini en laboratoire

Influence of consanguinity on the sex ratio and diapause of Diprion pini L. (Hym., Diprionidae) populations. II. Effect of inbreeding on diapause

Experiments were undertaken in 1990 and 1992 to prove the effect of consanguinity on diapause and to study its links with sex determinism and possible genetic factors. These experiments were realized on the progenies of colonies collected in Fontainebleau forest. From adult emergences in April different ways of breeding were comparatively carried out during two generations: inbred brother-sister crosses, non-inbred crosses with insects from another origin, in particular with a reference rearing strain reared for many generations; and breedings of virgin females. The progenies of these crossings were reared in the same standard laboratory conditions favourable to development without diapause (16°C, 15 h L-9 h D photoperiod for the young larvae, 20°C, 16 h 30 L-7 h 30 D thereafter). Diapause rates and sex-ratio were simultaneously observed. The results show an important increase in diapause rates and male rates in the progenies of inbred insects. We also found a link between sex and diapause, its rates being higher in males. On the other hand, crossings with the rearing strain corroborate the existence of a genetic factor strengthening diapause which would be eliminated in reared populations if only the without diapause insects are bred from generation to generation. Some hypotheses about the interaction between consanguinity, sex determinisms and the existence of this genetic factor are drawn from these results. It is suggested that these phenomena may have a noticeable importance for population dynamics of D. pini. (Résumé d'auteur

Neurologic outcome of VZV encephalitis one year after ICU admission: a multicenter cohort study

International audienceBACKGROUND: Varicella-zoster virus (VZV) is one of the main viruses responsible of acute encephalitis. However, data on the prognosis and neurologic outcome of critically ill patients with VZV encephalitis are limited. We aimed to describe the clinical features of VZV encephalitis in the ICU and to identify factors associated with a favorable neurologic outcome. We performed a multicenter cohort study of patients with VZV encephalitis admitted in 18 ICUs in France between 2000 and 2017. Factors associated with a favorable neurologic outcome, defined by a modified Rankin Score (mRS) of 0-2 1 year after ICU admission, were identified by multivariable regression analysis. RESULTS: Fifty-five patients (29 (53%) men, median age 53 (interquartile range 36-66)) were included, of whom 43 (78%) were immunocompromised. ICU admission occurred 1 (0-3) day after the onset of neurological symptoms. Median Glasgow Coma Score at ICU admission was 12 (7-14). Cerebrospinal fluid examination displayed a median leukocyte count of 68 (13-129)/mm(3), and a median protein level of 1.37 (0.77-3.67) g/L. CT scan and MRI revealed brain lesions in 30% and 66% of the cases, respectively. Invasive mechanical ventilation was implemented in 46 (84%) patients for a median duration of 13 (3-30) days. Fourteen (25%) patients died in the ICU. One year after ICU admission, 20 (36%) patients had a favorable neurologic outcome (mRS 0-2), 12 (22%) had significant disability (mRS 3-5), and 18 (33%) were deceased (lost to follow-up n = 5, 9%). On multivariable analysis, age (OR 0.92 per year, (0.88-0.97), p = 0.01), and invasive mechanical ventilation (OR 0.09 CI 95% (0.01-0.84), p = 0.03) reduced the likelihood of favorable neurologic outcome. CONCLUSION: One in every three critically ill patients with VZV encephalitis had a favorable neurologic outcome 1 year after ICU admission. Older age and invasive mechanical ventilation were associated with a higher risk of disability and death