Component-resolved diagnosis of hazelnut allergy in children

Hazelnuts commonly elicit allergic reactions starting from childhood and adolescence, with a rare resolution over time. The definite diagnosis of a hazelnut allergy relies on an oral food challenge. The role of component resolved diagnostics in reducing the need for oral food challenges in the diagnosis of hazelnut allergies is still debated. Therefore, three electronic databases were systematically searched for studies on the diagnostic accuracy of specific-IgE (sIgE) on hazelnut proteins for identifying children with a hazelnut allergy. Studies regarding IgE testing on at least one hazelnut allergen component in children whose final diagnosis was determined by oral food challenges or a suggestive history of serious symptoms due to a hazelnut allergy were included. Study quality was assessed by the Quality Assessment of Diagnostic Accuracy Studies-2 tool. Eight studies enrolling 757 children, were identified. Overall, sensitivity, specificity, area under the curve and diagnostic odd ratio of Cor a 1 sIgE were lower than those of Cor a 9 and Cor a 14 sIge. When the test results were positive, the post-test probability of a hazelnut allergy was 34% for Cor a 1 sIgE, 60% for Cor a9 sIgE and 73% for Cor a 14 sIgE. When the test results were negative, the post-test probability of a hazelnut allergy was 55% for Cor a 1 sIgE, 16% for Cor a9 sIgE and 14% for Cor a 14 sIgE. Measurement of IgE levels to Cor a 9 and Cor a 14 might have the potential to improve specificity in detecting clinically tolerant children among hazelnut-sensitized ones, reducing the need to perform oral food challenges

LA INCLUSIÓN DE LA MEDIACIÓN COMO PERTINENCIA EN LOS PLANES DE ESTUDIO DEL NIVEL SUPERIOR EN LA UNIVERSIDAD AUTÓNOMA DEL ESTADO DE MÉXICO

La presente obra tiene como finalidad analizar la figura de los medios alternos de solución de conflictos a través de la historia, ya que su origen es más o menos desde los años sesenta. Los MEDIOS ALTERNOS DE SOLUCION DE CONFLICTOS (MASC) son procedimientos que permiten un acercamiento entre las partes, dejando de verse como rivales y mejor como seres humanos que tienen la necesidad de expresar de manera directa y sincera las razones que dieron origen al conflicto, manifestando sus pretensiones. De acuerdo a la naturaleza del tercero ajeno que interviene, los MASC, pueden clasificarse en mediación, conciliación, negociación, arbitraje y justicia restaurativa, y se rigen bajo los principios de voluntariedad, confidencialidad, neutralidad, honestidad, legalidad, flexibilidad y oralidad. La reforma en materia de MEDIOS ALTERNOS DE SOLUCION DE CONFLICTOS arribo a la nación en el transcurso del año 2008 obligando a México a incorporarlos de manera constitucional y dándoles una reglamentación independiente. En materia educativa llego la exigencia a las instituciones de educación superior (IES) a implementar la carrera en a) universidades públicas, b) privadas, c) tecnológicos y d) escuelas normales para profesores; correspondiéndoles a las IES reestructurar de manera permanente los programas y planes de estudio acorde a la realidad social, así como también es obligación del estado trabajar con las universidades para generar diversos lazos de cooperación que permitan que los jóvenes cursen una licenciatura, acorde a los estándares que los empleadores requieren.ABSTRACT En el desarrollo de la presente tesis se aborda el tema de las nuevas carreras universitarias de ´´ medios alternos de solución de conflictos ´´ teniendo como objetivo principal la inclusión de la mediación como pertinencia educativa, en los planes de estudios de nivel y superior; aportando antecedentes, conceptos, clasificación y teorías doctrinarias y complementándolo con el marco jurídico en los planos internacional, nacional y estatal

The role of corporate social responsibility in the wine industry: The case study of veneto and friuli venezia giulia

This study aimed to investigate the awareness of Corporate Social Responsibility (CSR) among wineries located in the Italian regions of Veneto and Friuli Venezia Giulia (FVG) (1), (2) the obstacles (3) and market drivers of its implementation (4), the practices and range of actions that are concretely implemented in the field of CSR (5), the implications that this management approach can have on company performance (6), and the communication tools used. The methodology adopted is based on a qualitative approach integrated with quantitative measures. In total, 28 wineries participated in the study. The results show that all of the wineries were aware of the importance of implementing CSR, although they mainly refer to environmental issues. Sponsorship in fair trade activities is considered the most relevant market driver, while Italian consumers are generally perceived as not particularly interested in sustainable wine production. The practices implemented are mainly focused on reducing environmental impact. Interesting insights have emerged from this study, such as an unusual disparity between theoretical knowledge and practical implementation of socially responsible activities, a tendency to adapt the entrepreneurial style towards CSR, as well as a fundamental willingness to implement good practices that go beyond the legal requirements currently in force

Wood Architecture in the Studies of Anđela Horvat: Style and Timelessness

U nekoliko studija Anđela Horvat posvetila se temeljnim povijesno-umjetničkim problemima drvenoga graditeljstva (1956.; 1961.; 1964.; 1975.; 1982.), više negoli ijedan povjesničar umjetnosti prije i poslije nje. Istraživanje hrvatske drvene baštine začeli su arhitekti, povjesničari tradicijskoga graditeljstva, konzervatori, prvenstveno Gjuro Szabo, i etnolozi. Pristup Anđele Horvat obilježen je razmišljanjima Ljube Karamana o »problemima periferijske umjetnosti« (1963.), a posebna vrijednost istraživačkih rezultata Anđele Horvat je u tome što se oni temelje na terenskom bilježenju sačuvanih zdanja ali i na onima poznatima tek po arhivskim izvorima. Osim toga, ona je drveno graditeljstvo analizirala povijesno-umjetničkim metodama te odredila odnos između tipologije, stila, naručitelja drvenih zdanja i sredine koja ih prima. U članku je posebna pozornost posvećena podrijetlu zanimanja Anđele Horvat za temu drvenoga graditeljstva, naglašena je važnost ovoga dijela njezine znanstvene ostavštine i neočekivana suvremenost njezinih pogleda.Anđela Horvat addressed the key art-historical problems of wood architecture in several studies (1956; 1961; 1964; 1975; 1982), in greater extent than any other art historian before or after her. The study of Croatian wood architecture heritage had been initiated by architects and historians of traditional building, with fi rst studies on the subject published in Viesti društva inžinira i arhitekata (Journal of the Society of Engineers and Architects) in the last decades of the 19th century. Their work was followed by conservators, primarily Gjuro Szabo (1910) through the activities of the State Committee for the Preservation of Artistic and Historic Monuments in the Kingdoms of Croatia and Slavonia (Zemaljsko povjerenstvo za očuvanje umjetnih i historičkih spomenika u kraljevinama Hrvatskoj i Slavoniji) and ethnologists such as Ljerka Topali (1941). Anđela Horvat’s approach was marked by the refl ections of Ljubo Karaman on the »problems of artistic periphery« (1963), as well as by his fervent polemics with Josef Strzygowski in the 1930s on the infl uence of wood building on stone building. A special value of Anđela Horvat’s research results lies in the fact that they were based on fi eld records of preserved buildings, but also those known only from archival sources. In this manner she managed to collect data on over one hundred and fi fty wooden buildings, of both sacral and profane purpose. As opposed to the understanding of preserved wooden heritage as »timeless« vernacular architecture, predominant in the studies written by architects, or the concept of wood building as a contemporary folk refl ection of urban models prevailing in ethnological interpretations, Anđela Horvat introduced art-historical methods and standpoints to the analysis of wooden buildings, especially the complex ones, sacral: she distinguished the protagonists of wood building, from patrons to master builders, to the audience and their attitude towards wooden heritage; she analysed the elements of style, the longevity of once adopted models and plan typology. This paper discusses the possible genesis of Anđela Horvat’s interest for the subject of wood building and emphasizes the importance of this part of her scholarly heritage, as well as the unexpected modernity of her views

A genome-wide comparison between selected and unselected Valle del Belice sheep reveals differences in population structure and footprints of recent selection

About three decades of breeding and selection in the Valle del Belìce sheep are expected to have left several genomic footprints related to milk production traits. In this study, we have assembled a dataset with 451 individuals of the Valle del Belìce sheep breed: 184 animals that underwent directional selection for milk production and 267 unselected animals, genotyped for 40,660 single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs). Three different statistical approaches, both within (iHS and ROH) and between (Rsb) groups, were used to identify genomic regions potentially under selection. Population structure analyses separated all individuals according to their belonging to the two groups. A total of four genomic regions on two chromosomes were jointly identified by at least two statistical approaches. Several candidate genes for milk production were identified, corroborating the polygenic nature of this trait and which may provide clues to potential new selection targets. We also found candidate genes for growth and reproductive traits. Overall, the identified genes may explain the effect of selection to improve the performances related to milk production traits in the breed. Further studies using high-density array data, would be particularly relevant to refine and validate these results

Wider implications of video-assisted thoracic surgery versus open approach for lung metastasectomy

Lung metastasectomy is considered a safe and potentially curative procedure despite there is not a strong evidence that metastasectomy prolongs long-term survival in patients with lung metastases. Moreover, the debate is open regarding the best approach for lung metastasectomy, video-assisted thoracic surgery versus open approach. A systematic review of literature to clarify what is the best approach to prolong survival in patients with lung metastases was performed. Our study confirms that overall survival is equivalent for video-assisted thoracic surgery and thoracotomy, therefore the ‘gold standard’ surgical treatment for lung metastases remains a point of debate. The choice of the surgical approach still depends more on the single center or surgeon practice than on strong scientific evidence. A prospective randomized trial could clarify the question

Physiological Status Drives Metabolic Rate in Mediterranean Geckos Infected with Pentastomes

Negative effects of parasites on their hosts are well documented, but the proximate mechanisms by which parasites reduce their host's fitness are poorly understood. For example, it has been suggested that parasites might be energetically demanding. However, a recent meta-analysis suggests that they have statistically insignificant effects on host resting metabolic rate (RMR). It is possible, though, that energetic costs associated with parasites are only manifested during and/or following periods of activity. Here, we measured CO2 production (a surrogate for metabolism) in Mediterranean geckos (Hemidactylus turcicus) infected with a lung parasite, the pentastome Raillietiella indica, under two physiological conditions: rested and recently active. In rested geckos, there was a negative, but non-significant association between the number of pentastomes (i.e., infection intensity) and CO2 production. In recently active geckos (chased for 3 minutes), we recorded CO2 production from its maximum value until it declined to a stationary phase. We analyzed this decline as a 3 phase function (initial decline, secondary decline, stationary). Geckos that were recently active showed, in the secondary phase, a significant decrease in CO2 production as pentastome intensity increased. Moreover, duration of the secondary phase showed a significant positive association with the number of pentastomes. These results suggest that the intensity of pentastome load exerts a weak effect on the metabolism of resting geckos, but a strong physiological effect on geckos that have recently been active; we speculate this occurs via mechanical constraints on breathing. Our results provide a potential mechanism by which pentastomes can reduce gecko fitness

Preliminary genetic evidence of two different populations of Opisthorchis viverrini in Lao PDR

Opisthorchis viverrini is a major public health concern in Southeast Asia. Various reports have suggested that this parasite may represent a species complex, with genetic structure in the region perhaps being dictated by geographical factors and different species of intermediate hosts. We used four microsatellite loci to analyze O. viverrini adult worms originating from six species of cyprinid fish in Thailand and Lao PDR. Two distinct O. viverrini populations were observed. In Ban Phai, Thailand, only one subgroup occurred, hosted by two different fish species. Both subgroups occurred in fish from That Luang, Lao PDR, but were represented to very different degrees among the fish hosts there. Our data suggest that, although geographical separation is more important than fish host specificity in influencing genetic structure, it is possible that two species of Opisthorchis, with little interbreeding, are present near Vientiane in Lao PDR