Calidoscopio de palabras: las reuniones de controversia entre anarquistas y socialistas

La aparición de los primeros grupos anarquistas y socialistas en la Argentina, desde el último cuarto del siglo XIX hasta las dos primeras décadas del siglo XX, estuvo signado por las discusiones entre ambas corrientes. Marcado por el cisma provocado en la Primera Internacional por el enfrentamiento entre los seguidores de Bakunin y de Marx, el eje principal del debate estuvo estructurado principalmente en torno al rol que debía ocupar el estado y la acción política en el proceso revolucionario. Más allá del contenido estrictamente doctrinario de la disputa y la necesidad de ganar adherentes en el mundo del trabajo, el rango, los modos y los lugares de la polémica cubren un amplio abanico de problemáticas vinculadas con la conformación del mundo de las izquierdas en Argentina desde finales del siglo XIX y permite reconsiderar la importancia de la disputa ideológica en la construcción de las identidades políticas y de sus representaciones asociadas. Es importante destacar que si bien el enfrentamiento se cristalizó mayormente en la prensa política -a través de artículos cruzados en los cuales se manifestaban tanto los desacuerdos y desavenencias ocasionados por conflictos puntuales, como las diferencias teóricas más profundas- no fue el único modo de hacer visible la escisión. En los propios intersticios de la palabra escrita, tanto en los periódicos como en las memorias de los militantes, es posible distinguir un modo de lucha política mucho más dinámico: las reuniones de controversias. La teatralidad y ritualidad propia de la controversia y sus significaciones en tanto que espacio político de circulación de la palabra hablada, si bien forma parte del universo compartido de ambas corrientes, alumbra diferentes proyecciones. Mientras que los anarquistas insisten en reclamar al socialismo el enfrentamiento –muchas veces por el enfrentamiento en sí mismo– para los socialistas el encuentro con los anarquistas forma parte del inevitable camino que conducirá a sus militantes a ocupar espacios, en un futuro cercano, bien distintos del eventualmente sórdido espacio de la controversia, como lo es el parlamento. El propósito de este trabajo es indagar qué lugar ocupan dentro del anarquismo el discurso de propaganda y el lenguaje frente a las significaciones que les atribuyeron los socialistas; recuperar la mirada que tuvieron ambas corrientes sobre la discusión y el enfrentamiento al interior de un espacio común y la aparición de la figura del orador-militante. Por último, se remarcará la importancia de la lucha como articuladora de la sociabilidad de izquierda en el entresiglos pasado.Facultad de Humanidades y Ciencias de la Educació

Entanglement and localization in long-range quadratic Lindbladians

Existence of Anderson localization is considered a manifestation of coherence of classical and quantum waves in disordered systems. Signatures of localization have been observed in condensed matter and cold atomic systems where the coupling to the environment can be significantly suppressed but not eliminated. In this work we explore the phenomena of localization in random Lindbladian dynamics describing open quantum systems. We propose a model of one-dimensional chain of non-interacting, spinless fermions coupled to a local ensemble of baths. The jump operator mediating the interaction with the bath linked to each site has a power-law tail with an exponent $p$. We show that the steady state of the system undergoes a localization entanglement phase transition by tuning $p$ which remains stable in the presence of coherent hopping. Unlike the entanglement transition in the quantum trajectories of open systems, this transition is exhibited by the averaged steady state density matrix of the Lindbladian. The steady state in the localized phase is characterised by a heterogeneity in local population imbalance, while the jump operators exhibit a constant participation ratio of the sites they affect. Our work provides a novel realisation of localization physics in open quantum systems.Comment: 12 pages and 13 figure

Variability in NGC 3201 giant stars and its impact on their spectroscopic [Fe/H] determination

We present the analysis of 34 light curves in V and I of 17 giant stars in the globular cluster NGC 3201 to check if such stars are variable and if their variability has some kind of impact on the iron abundance as obtained from spectroscopic measurements. First, we computed the generalized Lomb-Scargle and phase dispersion minimization periodograms of the sample to check if the stars were variables. In this way, seven stars of the sample were found to be nonvariable, two stars are considered as possible variables, and eight stars were found to be variable, with periods ranging from 0.0881 ± 0.0001 to 0.5418 ± 0.0027 days. According to the literature, the variables have distinct values of [Fe I/H]: the three most metal-rich stars are in the red giant branch (RGB) stage, one has [Fe I/H] = -1.37 dex, while the other two have [Fe I/H] = -1.31 dex. The two most metal-poor variables have [Fe I/H] = -1.61 dex and [Fe I/H] = -1.62 dex, and are AGB stars; the remaining variables have [Fe I/H] = -1.44, -1.48, and -1.50 dex, the first two being RGB stars while the last is an AGB star. On the other hand, stars that appear to be nonvariable have -1.56 ≤ [Fe I/H] ≤ -1.40. We conclude that variability somehow affects the spectroscopic determination of the iron content of giant stars in NGC 3201, increasing the iron spread of the cluster. If variability is not taken into account, this spread could be incorrectly interpreted as due to an intrinsic iron spread affecting the stars of the cluster.Fil: Llancaqueo Albornoz, Álvaro. Universidad de Concepción; ChileFil: Sandro, Villanova. Universidad de Concepción; ChileFil: Cortés, C. C.. Universidad de Concepción; Chile. Universidad del Bio Bio; ChileFil: Ahumada, Javier. Universidad Nacional de Córdoba. Observatorio Astronómico de Córdoba; ArgentinaFil: Parisi, Maria Celeste. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Conicet - Córdoba. Instituto de Astronomía Teórica y Experimental. Universidad Nacional de Córdoba. Observatorio Astronómico de Córdoba. Instituto de Astronomía Teórica y Experimental; Argentina. Universidad Nacional de Córdoba. Observatorio Astronómico de Córdoba; Argentin

Colonial Organization of Mine Labour in Charcas 1 (Present-Day Bolivia) and Its Consequences 2 (Sixteenth to the Seventeenth Centuries)

This article analyses the changes in the organization of labour during the sixteenth and seventeenth centuries in colonial Charcas, present-day Bolivia, focusing on the role that different colonial authorities played in this process and its consequences. The Spanish took advantage of the pre-Hispanic organization of labour from the beginning of their conquest. However, in a colonial context, labour relations changed significantly, and the architect of those alterations was Viceroy Francisco de Toledo. We examine the transformations in mine labour carried out by the Spanish colonial polity; these had a significant effect not only on mining, but also on all labour relations in the southern colonial Andes.Fil: Gil Montero, Raquel. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Conicet - Tandil. Instituto de Geografía, Historia y Ciencias Sociales. Universidad Nacional del Centro de la Provincia de Buenos Aires. Instituto de Geografía, Historia y Ciencias Sociales; ArgentinaFil: Zagalsky, Paula Cecilia. Universidad Nacional de Jujuy; Argentina. Universidad de Buenos Aires; Argentina. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas; Argentin

Domain-wall roughness in GdFeCo thin films: crossover length scales and roughness exponents

Domain-wall dynamics and spatial fluctuations are closely related to each other and to universal features of disordered systems. Experimentally measured roughness exponents characterizing spatial fluctuations have been reported for magnetic thin films, with values generally different from those predicted by the equilibrium, depinning and thermal reference states. Here, we study the roughness of domain walls in GdFeCo thin films over a large range of magnetic field and temperature. Our analysis is performed in the framework of a model considering length-scale crossovers between the reference states, which is shown to bridge the differences between experimental results and theoretical predictions. We also quantify for the first time the size of the depinning avalanches below the depinning field at finite temperatures.Comment: 10 pages, 6 figures. The first two authors contributed equally to this wor

Molecular hydrogen in the z = 2.66 damped Lyman-alpha absorber toward Q J0643-5041

We use high signal-to-noise ratio, high-resolution VLT-UVES data of Q J0643-5041 amounting to a total of more than 23 hours exposure time and fit the neutral hydrogen, metals and H2 absorption features with multiple-component Voigt profiles. We study the relative populations of H2 rotational levels and the fine-structure excitation of neutral carbon to determine the physical conditions in the H2-bearing cloud. We find some evidence for part of the quasar broad line emission region not being fully covered by the H2-bearing cloud. We measure a total neutral hydrogen column density of log N(H) = 21.03 +/- 0.08. Molecular hydrogen is detected in several rotational levels, possibly up to J = 7, in a single component. The corresponding molecular fraction is log f = -2.19+0.07-0.08, where f = 2N(H2)/(2N(H2)+N(H)). The H2 Doppler parameter is of the order of 1.5 km/s for J = 0, 1 and 2 and larger for J>2. The molecular component has a kinetic temperature of T = 80 K, which yields a mean thermal velocity of about 1 km/s, consistent with the Doppler broadening of the lines. The UV ambient flux is of the order of the mean ISM Galactic flux. We discuss the possible detection of HD and derive an upper limit of log N(HD) < 13.65 +/- 0.07 leading to log HD/(2 H2) < -5.19 +/- 0.07 which is consistently lower than the primordial D/H ratio. Metals span about 210 km/s with [Zn/H] = -0.91 +/- 0.09 relative to solar, with iron depleted relative to zinc [Zn/Fe] = 0.45 +/- 0.06, and with the rare detection of copper. We follow the procedures used in our previous works to derive a constraint on the cosmological variation of the proton-to-electron mass ratio of (7.4 +/- 4.3 (stat) +/- 5.1 (syst)) ppm.Comment: 22 pages, 22 figures, submitted to & accepted by A&

Feature extraction based on bio-inspired model for robust emotion recognition

Emotional state identification is an important issue to achieve more natural speech interactive systems. Ideally, these systems should also be able to work in real environments in which generally exist some kind of noise. Several bio-inspired representations have been applied to artificial systems for speech processing under noise conditions. In this work, an auditory signal representation is used to obtain a novel bio-inspired set of features for emotional speech signals. These characteristics, together with other spectral and prosodic features, are used for emotion recognition under noise conditions. Neural models were trained as classifiers and results were compared to the well-known mel-frequency cepstral coefficients. Results show that using the proposed representations, it is possible to significantly improve the robustness of an emotion recognition system. The results were also validated in a speaker independent scheme and with two emotional speech corpora.Fil: Albornoz, Enrique Marcelo. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Conicet - Santa Fe. Instituto de Investigación en Señales, Sistemas e Inteligencia Computacional. Universidad Nacional del Litoral. Facultad de Ingeniería y Ciencias Hídricas. Instituto de Investigación en Señales, Sistemas e Inteligencia Computacional; ArgentinaFil: Milone, Diego Humberto. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Conicet - Santa Fe. Instituto de Investigación en Señales, Sistemas e Inteligencia Computacional. Universidad Nacional del Litoral. Facultad de Ingeniería y Ciencias Hídricas. Instituto de Investigación en Señales, Sistemas e Inteligencia Computacional; ArgentinaFil: Rufiner, Hugo Leonardo. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Conicet - Santa Fe. Instituto de Investigación en Señales, Sistemas e Inteligencia Computacional. Universidad Nacional del Litoral. Facultad de Ingeniería y Ciencias Hídricas. Instituto de Investigación en Señales, Sistemas e Inteligencia Computacional; Argentin