Epigenética y asma

El asma es una enfermedad crónica de la vía aérea que causa una dificultad respiratoria reversible mediante la broncoconstricción, hipersecreción mucosa y remodelado de la vía aérea, y que afecta a más de 300 millones de personas alrededor del mundo.1 Algunos estudios demuestran que las enfermedades inflamatorias crónicas del pulmón, entre las cuales se incluye el asma, son la segunda causa de muerte en el mundo después de la patología cardiovascular.2 El asma es la enfermedad crónica más prevalente en la edad pediátrica (especialmente en los países desarrollados). Suele debutar en la edad preescolar, aunque ocasionalmente los síntomas crónicos no aparecen hasta la edad adulta.3 Por ejemplo, en Australia la prevalencia del asma es del 9-11% en el grupo de edades comprendidas entre los 2 y los 4 años, y del 12-16% desde los 5 hasta los 17 años.Grado en Medicin

Benefits of paediatric to adult transition programme in onflammatory bowel disease: The BUTTERFLY study of GETECCU and SEGHNP

Transition is a planned movement of paediatric patients to adult healthcare systems, and its implementation is not yet established in all inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) units. The aim of the study was to evaluate the impact of transition on IBD outcomes. (2) Methods: Multicentre, retrospective and observational study of IBD paediatric patients transferred to an adult IBD unit between 2017–2020. Two groups were compared: transition (≥1 joint visit involving the gastroenterologist, the paediatrician, a programme coordinator, the parents and the patient) and no-transition. Outcomes within one year after transfer were analysed. The main variable was poor clinical outcome (IBD flare, hospitalisation, surgery or any change in the treatment because of a flare). Predictive factors of poor clinical outcome were identified with multivariable analysis. (3) Results: A total of 278 patients from 34 Spanish hospitals were included. One hundred eighty-five patients (67%) from twenty-two hospitals (65%) performed a structured transition. Eighty-nine patients had poor clinical outcome at one year after transfer: 27% in the transition and 43% in the no-transition group (p = 0.005). One year after transfer, no-transition patients were more likely to have a flare (36% vs. 22%; p = 0.018) and reported more hospitalisations (10% vs. 3%; p = 0.025). The lack of transition, as well as parameters at transfer, including IBD activity, body mass index < 18.5 and corticosteroid treatment, were associated with poor clinical outcome. One patient in the transition group (0.4%) was lost to follow-up. (4) Conclusion: Transition care programmes improve patients’ outcomes after the transfer from paediatric to adult IBD units. Active IBD at transfer impairs outcome

Incidence and genetic diversity of cucurbit viruses in Spain

[EN] Several viral diseases affect cucurbits, with different economic effects depending on the region and the year. However, there are not recent studies on the incidence of specific viruses. During the 2018 summer season, surveys were carried out in open field melon (Cucumis melo), squash (Cucurbita spp.) and watermelon (Citrullus lanatus) crops in most of the main producer areas under commercial (AGL2017-85563-C2 1R and 2R) and organic farming (PROMETEO/2017/078). Samples from plants with virus-like symptoms were analyzed by RT-PCR/PCR with specific primers, hybridization and/or ELISA, to detect Cucumber mosaic virus (CMV), Zucchini yellow mosaic virus (ZYMV), Watermelon mosaic virus (WMV), Moroccan watermelon mosaic virus (MWMV), Cucurbit yellow stunting disorder virus (CYSDV), Cucurbit chlorotic yellows virus (CCYV), Cucumber green mottle mosaic virus (CGMMV) and Tomato leaf curl New Delhi virus (ToLCNDV). Samples from fields in Murcia (south-eastern Spain), Castilla-La Mancha (central Spain) and Comunidad Valenciana (eastern Spain) were analyzed. At least one of these viruses was detected in approximately 80% of the samples. WMV was the most frequently detected in samples of the three crops. ZYMV, CMV, CYSDV and ToLCNDV were present with lower incidence, mainly identified in mixed infections with WMV.This study was partially supported by the Spanish Ministerio de Ciencia, Innovación y Universidades grants AGL2017-85563-C2 (1-R and 2-R) and RTA2017-00061-C03-03 (INIA) cofounded with FEDER funds, and by the PROMETEO project 2017/078 (to promote excellence groups) by the Conselleria d'Educació , Investigació , Cultura i Esports (Generalitat Valenciana). C. Sáez is a recipient of a predoctoral fellowship (ACIF/2016/188) from Generalitat Valenciana, cofunded by the Operational Program of the European Social Fund (FSECV 2014-2020).Pérez De Castro, AM.; Martínez De Alba, AE.; Sáez-Sánchez, C.; Flores-León, A.; Sifres Cuerda, AG.; Gómez-Guillamón, ML.; López Del Rincón, C.... (2020). Incidence and genetic diversity of cucurbit viruses in Spain. Acta Horticulturae. 1294:203-210. https://doi.org/10.17660/ActaHortic.2020.1294.25S203210129

Consumo de alimentos, composición corporal y rendimiento físico en hombres y mujeres jóvenes judadores de fútbol

Introduction: Few studies have analysed the nutritional habits, body composition and physical condition of young soccer players among different categories and further differentiating between males and females. Therefore, the aim was to analyze differences in food consumption habits, body composition parameters and physical performance among young soccer players. Material and Methods: A cross-sectional study was performed during the 2019-2020 competitive season. Forty-eight soccer players (16-18 years) were classified by age and sex into three groups: under 16 and under 18 years males (U16 and U18), and under 16 years females (U16 female). Food habits, anthropometry, body composition and physical performance variables were collected. A one-way analysis of variance (ANOVA) with least significant difference post hoc comparison (Bonferroni correction) was used. Results: We found that U16 females consumed lower pork and bread and higher mollusk and shellfish than males (p&lt;0.05). U16 males consumed less fruits (p&lt;0.05) and more olive oil (p&lt;0.05) than U16 females and had lower muscle mass in lower limbs than U18 male (p&lt;0.05, ES=0.80-0.96); males showed higher muscle mass in lower limbs (p&lt;0.01, ES=1.80-2.59) and lower %fat than females (p&lt;0.01, ES=1.73); and U18 males presented higher weight than females (p&lt;0.01, ES=1.64). U18 males showed better performances (p&lt;0.05-0.01, ES=0.90-1.38) in maximal sprint trials (40-m length), counter movements jumps (CMJ) and CMJ with dominant leg, maximal bilateral horizontal jumps (HJ), HJ with dominant and non-dominant leg than U16 males. Males showed better results in linear straight sprint test (LSST, p&lt;0.05; ES=1.66-5.16), change of direction ability (CODA, p&lt;0.05; ES=2.82-5.46) and jumping (p&lt;0.05; ES=1.60-4.12) performances. Conclusion: In conclusion, sex- and age- specific differences were detected in the healthier dietary practices and body composition parameter in youth of soccer players. Also, better physical performances were found as age increases, except for CODA, and males exhibited higher performances in LSST, CODA and jumping than females.Introducción: Pocos estudios han sido encontrados donde se analicen los hábitos nutricionales, la composición corporal y la condición física de jóvenes futbolistas entre diferentes categorías y diferenciando entre chicos y chicas. Por tanto, el objetivo fue analizar las diferencias en los hábitos de consumo de alimentos, los parámetros de composición corporal y el rendimiento físico en jóvenes futbolistas. Material y métodos: Se realizó un estudio transversal durante la temporada competitiva 2019-2020. Cuarenta y ocho futbolistas (16-18 años) fueron clasificados por edad y sexo en tres grupos: menores de 16 y menores de 18 años masculinos (U16 y U18), y menores de 16 años féminas (U16 femenino). Se recogieron variables de hábitos alimentarios, antropometría, composición corporal y rendimiento físico. Se utilizó un análisis de varianza de (ANOVA) de un factor con post hoc de Bonferroni. Resultados: Observamos que las chicas U16 consumieron menos carne de cerdo y pan y más moluscos y mariscos que los chicos (p&lt;0,05). Los chicos U16 consumieron menos frutas (p&lt;0,05) y más aceite de oliva (p&lt;0,05) que las chicas U16 y tuvieron menor masa muscular en miembros inferiores que los chicos U18 (p &lt;0,05, ES=0,80-0,96); los chicos mostraron mayor masa muscular en miembros inferiores (p &lt;0,01, ES=1,80-2,59) y menor porcentaje de grasa que las chicas (p&lt;0,01, ES=1,73); y los chicos U18 presentaron mayor peso que las chicas (p&lt;0,01, ES=1,64). Los chicos U18 mostraron mejores rendimientos (p&lt;0,05-0,01, ES=0,90-1,38) en pruebas de sprint máximo (40 m de longitud), salto en contramovimiento (CMJ) y CMJ con pierna dominante, saltos horizontales bilaterales máximos (HJ), HJ con pierna dominante y no dominante que los chicos U16. Los chicos mostraron mejores resultados en los esprints (LSST, p&lt;0,05; ES=1,66-5,16), el cambio de dirección (CODA, p&lt;0,05; ES = 2,82-5,46) y los saltos (p&lt;0,05; ES=1,60-4,12). Conclusión: En conclusión, se observaron diferencias por sexo y edad en las prácticas dietéticas y los parámetros de composición corporal en los jóvenes futbolistas. Además, mejor rendimiento físico a medida que aumentaba la edad, excepto para el CODA. Los chicos exhibieron mejores rendimientos en LSST, CODA y saltos que las chicas

Efecto de la realimentación en la composición corporal de mujeres con anorexia nerviosa restrictiva; antropometría frente a impedancia bioeléctrica

Objetivo: Evaluar la composición corporal en un grupo de pacientes desnutridas con anorexia nerviosa, respecto de controles sanas, antes y después del soporte nutricional, mediante antropometría y bioimpedancia. Métodos: Estudio observacional prospectivo. Se realizó una antropometría completa y un análisis de bioimpedancia a 12 mujeres con anorexia nerviosa restrictiva (24,5 años) al ingreso hospitalario y semanalmente durante la realimentación. El grupo control estuvo formado por 24 mujeres sanas (21 años). Se aplicaron los test t-Student, U-Mann-Whitney, t-Student para medidas repetidas o Wilcoxon. La concordancia entre antropometría y BIA se analizó mediante el coeficiente de correlación intraclase y Bland-Altman. Resultados: Las pacientes mejoraron significativamente todos los índices de composición corporal a lo largo de la estancia hospitalaria, aunque sus valores al alta siguieron siendo menores que los de las controles. La media de peso ganado fue 5,22 kg (DE: 1,42), de los que el 51,4% fueron masa grasa, con distribución central preferentemente. En las controles la ecuación de BIA que mejor concuerda con antropometría es la de Sun (CCI = 0,896); en las pacientes la concordancia fue más débil, al ingreso y al alta. Conclusiones: La realimentación produce una ganancia ponderal, fundamentalmente a expensas de masa grasa, con distribución central; no se consigue restablecer el estado nutricional. La concordancia entre antropometría y bioimpedancia para el estudio de la composición corporal es aceptable, especialmente en sujetos sanos. Se recomienda emplear antropometría, si no se dispone de BIA vectorial o algún método gold estandard para el análisis de la composición corporal, en casos de alteraciones importantes en la composición corporal y/o el balance hídrico

Benefits of Paediatric to Adult Transition Programme in Inflammatory Bowel Disease: The BUTTERFLY Study of GETECCU and SEGHNP

Inflammatory bowel diseases; Transition to adult care; Transitional careEnfermedad inflamatoria intestinal; Tránsito a la atención adulta; Cuidados de transiciónMalaltia inflamatòria intestinal; Trànsit a l'atenció adulta; Cures de transicióBackground: Transition is a planned movement of paediatric patients to adult healthcare systems, and its implementation is not yet established in all inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) units. The aim of the study was to evaluate the impact of transition on IBD outcomes. (2) Methods: Multicentre, retrospective and observational study of IBD paediatric patients transferred to an adult IBD unit between 2017-2020. Two groups were compared: transition (≥1 joint visit involving the gastroenterologist, the paediatrician, a programme coordinator, the parents and the patient) and no-transition. Outcomes within one year after transfer were analysed. The main variable was poor clinical outcome (IBD flare, hospitalisation, surgery or any change in the treatment because of a flare). Predictive factors of poor clinical outcome were identified with multivariable analysis. (3) Results: A total of 278 patients from 34 Spanish hospitals were included. One hundred eighty-five patients (67%) from twenty-two hospitals (65%) performed a structured transition. Eighty-nine patients had poor clinical outcome at one year after transfer: 27% in the transition and 43% in the no-transition group (p = 0.005). One year after transfer, no-transition patients were more likely to have a flare (36% vs. 22%; p = 0.018) and reported more hospitalisations (10% vs. 3%; p = 0.025). The lack of transition, as well as parameters at transfer, including IBD activity, body mass index < 18.5 and corticosteroid treatment, were associated with poor clinical outcome. One patient in the transition group (0.4%) was lost to follow-up. (4) Conclusion: Transition care programmes improve patients' outcomes after the transfer from paediatric to adult IBD units. Active IBD at transfer impairs outcomes.This work was supported by a grant from the Young Group of the Spanish Gastroenterology Association (AEG)

Situación del Dietista-Nutricionista en el Sistema Nacional de Salud Español: Documento de posicionamiento del Grupo de Especialización en Nutrición Clínica y Dietética de la Academia Española de Nutrición y Dietética

In Spain, the 44/2003 law on health professions, considers the Dietitian-Nutritionist (DN) a health professional since 2003. This regulation with the force of law qualifies this professional as the reference health expert in the dietetic-nutritional treatment. However, so far, the presence of this collective in the Spanish public health field has been limited, despite multiple studies that support the cost-benefit of these professionals within the National Health System (SNS). In improvement visas, the first stance statement on the incorporation of the DN collective within the Spanish SNS was made in 2009. Now, after a decade, it is necessary to assess the degree regarding the incorporation of the collective, so the specialization Group in Clinical Nutrition and Dietetics of the Spanish Academy of Nutrition and Dietetics issues this position paper to update the situation of the DN within the SNS.En España, la Ley 44/2003 de Ordenación de las Profesiones Sanitarias considera al Dietista-Nutricionista (DN) un profesional sanitario desde el año 2003. Esta norma con rango de ley habilita a este profesional como el experto sanitario de referencia en el tratamiento dietético-nutricional. Sin embargo, hasta ahora la presencia de este colectivo en el ámbito sanitario público español ha sido limitada, a pesar de los múltiples estudios que avalan la intervención coste-beneficio de este profesional en el Sistema Nacional de Salud (SNS). En visos de mejora, en el año 2009 se realizó la primera declaración de postura sobre la incorporación del colectivo de DN al SNS español. Ahora, transcurrida una década, se hace necesario valorar el grado de incorporación del colectivo, por lo que el Grupo de Especialización en Nutrición Clínica y Dietética de la Academia Española de Nutrición y Dietética emite este documento de posicionamiento para actualizar la situación del DN en el SNS

Accelerometer Cut-Points for Physical Activity Assessment in Adults with Mild to Moderate Huntington’s Disease: A Cross-Sectional Multicentre Study

Accelerometers can estimate the intensity, frequency, and duration of physical activity in healthy adults. Although thresholds to distinguish varying levels of activity intensity using the Actigraph wGT3X-B have been established for the general population, their accuracy for Huntington’s disease (HD) is unknown. We aimed to define and cross-validate accelerometer cut-points for different walking speeds in adults with mild to moderate HD. A cross-sectional, multicentre, case-control, observational study was conducted with a convenience sample of 13 symptomatic ambulatory HD participants. The accelerometer was placed around the right hip, and a heart monitor was fitted around the chest to monitor heart rate variability. Participants walked on a treadmill at three speeds with light, moderate and vigorous intensities. Correlation and receiver operation curve analyses were performed between the accelerometer magnitude vector with relative oxygen and heart rate. Optimal cut-points for walking speeds of 3.2 km/h were ≤2852; 5.2 km/h: >2852 to ≤4117, and in increments until their maximum velocity: >4117. Our results support the application of the disease-specific cut-points for quantifying physical activity in patients with mild to moderate HD and promoting healthy lifestyle interventions.The project leading to these results has received funding from “La Caixa” Foundation (ID100010434), under agreement FUI1-PI008

Melon Genome Regions Associated with TGR-1551-Derived Resistance to Cucurbit yellow stunting disorder virus

[EN] Cucurbit yellow stunting disorder virus(CYSDV) is one of the main limiting factors of melon cultivation worldwide. To date, no commercial melon cultivars resistant to CYSDV are available. The African accession TGR-1551 is resistant to CYSDV. Two major quantitative trait loci (QTLs) have been previously reported, both located near each other in chromosome 5. With the objective of further mapping the gene or genes responsible of the resistance, a recombinant inbred line (RIL) population derived from the cross between TGR-1551 and the susceptible cultivar 'Bola de Oro' was evaluated for resistance to CYSDV in five different assays and genotyped in a genotyping by sequencing (GBS) analysis. The major effect of one of the two QTLs located on chromosome 5 was confirmed in the multienvironment RIL assay and additionally verified through the analysis of three segregating BC(1)S(1)populations derived from three resistant RILs. Furthermore, progeny test using the offspring of selected BC(3)plants allowed the narrowing of the candidate interval to a 700 kb region. The SNP markers identified in this work will be useful in marker-assisted selection in the context of introgression of CYSDV resistance in elite cultivars.This research was funded by the Spanish Ministerio de Ciencia, Innovacion y Universidades, grant number AGL2017-85563-C2 (1-R and 2-R), and by the Conselleria d'Educacio, Investigacio, Cultura i Esports de la Generalitat Valenciana, grant number PROMETEO/2017/078 (to promote excellence groups, cofinanced with FEDER funds). M.L. is a recipient of a predoctoral fellowship (PRE2018-083466) of the Spanish Ministerio de Ciencia, Innovacion y Universidades.Pérez De Castro, AM.; López-Martín, M.; Esteras Gómez, C.; Garcés-Claver, A.; Palomares-Ríus, FJ.; Picó Sirvent, MB.; Gómez-Guillamón, ML. (2020). Melon Genome Regions Associated with TGR-1551-Derived Resistance to Cucurbit yellow stunting disorder virus. International Journal of Molecular Sciences. 21(17):1-17. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms21175970S1172117Martelli, G. P., Agranovsky, A. A., Bar-Joseph, M., Boscia, D., Candresse, T., Coutts, R. H. A., … Yoshikawa, N. (2002). The family Closteroviridae revised. Archives of Virology, 147(10), 2039-2044. doi:10.1007/s007050200048Hassan, A., & Duffus, J. (1990). A review of a yellowing and stunting disorder of Cucurbits in the United Arab Emirates. Emirates Journal of Food and Agriculture, 2(1), 1. doi:10.9755/ejfa.v2i1.4989Wisler, G. C., Duffus, J. E., Liu, H.-Y., & Li, R. H. (1998). Ecology and Epidemiology of Whitefly-Transmitted Closteroviruses. Plant Disease, 82(3), 270-280. doi:10.1094/pdis.1998.82.3.270Desbiez, C., Lecoq, H., Aboulama, S., & Peterschmitt, M. (2000). First Report of Cucurbit yellow stunting disorder virus in Morocco. Plant Disease, 84(5), 596-596. doi:10.1094/pdis.2000.84.5.596cLouro, D., Vicente, M., Vaira, A. M., Accotto, G. P., & Nolasco, G. (2000). Cucurbit yellow stunting disorder virus (Genus Crinivirus) Associated with the Yellowing Disease of Cucurbit Crops in Portugal. Plant Disease, 84(10), 1156-1156. doi:10.1094/pdis.2000.84.10.1156aKao, J., Jia, L., Tian, T., Rubio, L., & Falk, B. W. (2000). First Report of Cucurbit Yellow Stunting Disorder Virus (Genus Crinivirus) in North America. Plant Disease, 84(1), 101-101. doi:10.1094/pdis.2000.84.1.101cBrown, J. K., Guerrero, J. C., Matheron, M., Olsen, M., & Idris, A. M. (2007). Widespread Outbreak of Cucurbit yellow stunting disorder virus in Melon, Squash, and Watermelon Crops in the Sonoran Desert of Arizona and Sonora, Mexico. Plant Disease, 91(6), 773-773. doi:10.1094/pdis-91-6-0773aKuo, Y.-W., Rojas, M. R., Gilbertson, R. L., & Wintermantel, W. M. (2007). First Report of Cucurbit yellow stunting disorder virus in California and Arizona, in Association with Cucurbit leaf crumple virus and Squash leaf curl virus. Plant Disease, 91(3), 330-330. doi:10.1094/pdis-91-3-0330bPolston, J. E., Hladky, L. L., Akad, F., & Wintermantel, W. M. (2008). First Report of Cucurbit yellow stunting disorder virus in Cucurbits in Florida. Plant Disease, 92(8), 1251-1251. doi:10.1094/pdis-92-8-1251bLiu, L. Z., Chen, Y. Y., & Zhu, W. M. (2010). First Report of Cucurbit yellow stunting disorder virus on Melon in China. Plant Disease, 94(4), 485-485. doi:10.1094/pdis-94-4-0485aTzanetakis, I. E., Martin, R. R., & Wintermantel, W. M. (2013). Epidemiology of criniviruses: an emerging problem in world agriculture. Frontiers in Microbiology, 4. doi:10.3389/fmicb.2013.00119Wintermantel, W. M., Gilbertson, R. L., Natwick, E. T., & McCreight, J. D. (2017). Emergence and epidemiology of Cucurbit yellow stunting disorder virus in the American Desert Southwest, and development of host plant resistance in melon. Virus Research, 241, 213-219. doi:10.1016/j.virusres.2017.06.004Wintermantel, W. M., Hladky, L. L., Cortez, A. A., & Natwick, E. T. (2009). A New Expanded Host Range of Cucurbit yellow stunting disorder virus Includes Three Agricultural Crops. Plant Disease, 93(7), 685-690. doi:10.1094/pdis-93-7-0685López-Sesé, A. I., & Gómez-Guillamón, M. L. (2000). Resistance to Cucurbit Yellowing Stunting Disorder Virus (CYSDV) in Cucumis melo L. HortScience, 35(1), 110-113. doi:10.21273/hortsci.35.1.110Lapidot, M., Legg, J. P., Wintermantel, W. M., & Polston, J. E. (2014). Management of Whitefly-Transmitted Viruses in Open-Field Production Systems. Advances in Virus Research, 147-206. doi:10.1016/b978-0-12-801246-8.00003-2McCreight, J. D., & Wintermantel, W. M. (2011). Genetic Resistance in Melon PI 313970 to Cucurbit yellow stunting disorder virus. HortScience, 46(12), 1582-1587. doi:10.21273/hortsci.46.12.1582Soria, C., López-Sesé, A. I., & Gómez-Guillamón, M. L. (1999). Resistance ofCucumis meloAgainstBemisia tabaci(Homoptera: Aleyrodidae). Environmental Entomology, 28(5), 831-835. doi:10.1093/ee/28.5.831Marco, C. F., Aguilar, J. M., Abad, J., Gómez-Guillamón, M. L., & Aranda, M. A. (2003). Melon Resistance to Cucurbit yellow stunting disorder virus Is Characterized by Reduced Virus Accumulation. Phytopathology®, 93(7), 844-852. doi:10.1094/phyto.2003.93.7.844Park, S. O., Crosby, K. M., & Mirkov, T. E. (2007). DETECTION OF LOCI FOR CUCURBIT YELLOW STUNTING DISORDER VIRUS RESISTANCE IN CUCUMIS MELO L. Acta Horticulturae, (763), 207-214. doi:10.17660/actahortic.2007.763.27Abrahamian, P. E., & Abou-Jawdah, Y. (2013). Whitefly-transmitted criniviruses of cucurbits: current status and future prospects. VirusDisease, 25(1), 26-38. doi:10.1007/s13337-013-0173-9Gil-Salas, F. M., Morris, J., Colyer, A., Budge, G., Boonham, N., Cuadrado, I. M., & Janssen, D. (2007). Development of real-time RT-PCR assays for the detection of Cucumber vein yellowing virus (CVYV) and Cucurbit yellow stunting disorder virus (CYSDV) in the whitefly vector Bemisia tabaci. Journal of Virological Methods, 146(1-2), 45-51. doi:10.1016/j.jviromet.2007.05.032Palomares-Rius, F. J., Garcés-Claver, A., Picó, M. B., Esteras, C., Yuste-Lisbona, F. J., & Gómez-Guillamón, M. L. (2018). ‘Carmen’, a Yellow Canary Melon Breeding Line Resistant to Podosphaera xanthii, Aphis gossypii, and Cucurbit Yellow Stunting Disorder Virus. HortScience, 53(7), 1072-1075. doi:10.21273/hortsci13013-18Pallas, V., & García, J. A. (2011). How do plant viruses induce disease? Interactions and interference with host components. Journal of General Virology, 92(12), 2691-2705. doi:10.1099/vir.0.034603-0Sáez, C., Esteras, C., Martínez, C., Ferriol, M., Dhillon, N. P. S., López, C., & Picó, B. (2017). Resistance to tomato leaf curl New Delhi virus in melon is controlled by a major QTL located in chromosome 11. Plant Cell Reports, 36(10), 1571-1584. doi:10.1007/s00299-017-2175-3Díaz-Pendón, J. A., Fernández-Muñoz, R., Gómez-Guillamón, M. L., & Moriones, E. (2005). Inheritance of Resistance to Watermelon mosaic virus in Cucumis melo that Impairs Virus Accumulation, Symptom Expression, and Aphid Transmission. Phytopathology®, 95(7), 840-846. doi:10.1094/phyto-95-0840Wintermantel, W. M., Gilbertson, R. L., McCreight, J. D., & Natwick, E. T. (2016). Host-Specific Relationship Between Virus Titer and Whitefly Transmission of Cucurbit yellow stunting disorder virus. Plant Disease, 100(1), 92-98. doi:10.1094/pdis-11-14-1119-reMaule, A. J., Escaler, M., & Aranda, M. A. (2000). 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Long non-coding RNA signatures in the Ileum and Colon of Crohn’s disease patients and effect of Anti-TNF-α treatment on their modulation

Biological therapies only benefit one-third of patients with Crohn’s disease (CD). For this reason, a deeper understanding of the mechanisms by which biologics elicit their effect on intestinal mucosa is needed. Increasing evidence points toward the involvement of long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs) in the pathogenesis of CD, although their role remains poorly studied. We aimed to characterize lncRNA profiles in the ileum and colon from CD patients and evaluate the effect of anti-TNF-α treatment on their transcription. Terminal ileum and left colon samples from 30 patients (active CD = 10, quiescent CD = 10, and healthy controls (HCs) = 10) were collected for RNA-seq. The patients were classified according to endoscopic activity. Furthermore, biopsies were cultured with infliximab, and their transcriptome was determined by Illumina gene expression array. A total of 678 differentially expressed lncRNAs between the terminal ileum and left colon were identified in HCs, 438 in patients with quiescent CD, and 468 in patients with active CD. Additionally, we identified three new lncRNAs in the ileum associated with CD activity. No differences were observed when comparing the effect of infliximab according to intestinal location, presence of disease (CD vs. HC), and activity (active vs. quiescent). The expression profiles of lncRNAs are associated with the location of intestinal tissue, being very different in the ileum and colon. The presence of CD and disease activity are associated with the differential expression of lncRNAs. No modulatory effect of infliximab has been observed in the lncRNA transcriptom