Utilização da metodologia Design Review Based on Failure Mode (DRBFM) para o aumento da qualidade de fabricação dos sidecars em uma empresa do setor automotivo / Using the Design Review Based on Failure Mode (DRBFM) methodology to increase the manufacturing quality of sidecars in an automotive company

O impacto ocasionado pela globalização do mercado tem impulsionado as organizações em sua busca por diferenciais altamente competitivos que façam com que os consumidores escolham seus produtos ou serviços. Desta maneira, o presente artigo discute a aplicação da metodologia Design Review Based on Failure Mode (DRBFM) para analisar o aumento da confiabilidade de produtos em uma empresa fabricante de sidecars, localizada na cidade de Patos de Minas, no estado de Minas Gerais, que para fins de confidencialidade da mesma, designar-se-á, no presente artigo como Empresa Alfa. Por isso, a fim de tornar a concretização visível aos colaboradores da empresa, nessa análise foi utilizado formulários de maneira descritiva e qualitativa, pois essas formas pesquisa permitem maior interação com o cotidiano da linha de produção organizacional. Foi possível evidenciar, através deste estudo, que a solução deste problema garantiu uma melhora significa nos sidecars fabricados pela Empresa Alfa, além disso, pode-se perceber que este instrumento será um grande aliado para garantir a melhoria continua no empreendimento, já que possibilita uma visualização significativa dos riscos existentes na linha de produção, além de possibilitar uma investigação de quais são as causas da falha e como ela irá influenciar no relacionamento com o cliente

A organização do trabalho pedagogico nas salas multisseriadas da escola do campo no sitio Areia Branca no município de Sobrado/PB

The object of this paper is to investigate the pedagogical work in Multiseriated classes in SitioAreiaBranca City Sobrado / PB. Specifically the difficulties encountered by teachers and students. The main objective of this work is to look at how to build the project classes of multiple-grade classrooms, and teachers react to this form of teaching. And knowing, monitoring of continuing education that these teachers have. The multigrade classes are much criticized, but for many students is still the only form of education. This research was done at the site AreiaBranca in the city of Sobrado PB. Through the questionnaire, the school teachers Francisco Luis da silva. School Located Rural area where there is the greatest evidence of this type of education, which operates in the form of multiple-grade classrooms with the fourth series and fifth year. We conclude that the multigrade rooms is still a great challenge for teachers and students, but also there is a great neglect of public policies in relation to the subject of research and the lack of information during the graduation. Where the survey results show that teachers were only having knowledge on the subject when they were directly to the pedagogical work in the classroom. But also they had no knowledge of the multigrade classes in its undergraduate, just the normal classes.O objetivo dessa monografia é investigar o trabalho Pedagógico nas classes Multisseriadas no Sitio Areia Branca cidade de Sobrado /PB. Especificamente as dificuldades encontradas pelos professores e alunos. O objetivo principal do trabalho é observar como se constrói o projeto de aulas das salas multisseriadas, como os professores reagem diante dessa forma de ensino. E conhecer, o acompanhamento deformação continuadas que esses professores tem.As classes multisseriadas são muito criticadas, mas para muitos alunos ainda é a única forma de ensino. Esta pesquisa foi feita no sitio Areia Branca na cidade de Sobrado PB. Através da aplicação de questionário, as professoras da escola Francisco Luis da silva. Escola Situada zona Rural onde existe a maior evidencia dessa modalidade de ensino, e que atua na modalidade de salas multisseriadas com as séries do quarto e quinto ano. Concluímos que as salas multisseriadas ainda são uns grandes desafios para os professores e alunos, como também há um grande descaso das políticas publicas em relação ao tema da Pesquisa e a grande falta de informação durante a Graduação. Onde os resultados da pesquisa apontam que os professores só foram ter conhecimento sobre o tema, quando foram diretamente para o trabalho Pedagógico na Sala de aula. Como também não tiveram nenhum conhecimento sobre as classes multisseriadas em sua Graduação, apenas das classes normais

Bacterial endotoxin adhesion to different types of orthodontic adhesives

Bacterial endotoxin (LPS) adhesion to orthodontic brackets is a known contributing factor to inflammation of the adjacent gingival tissues. Objective The aim of this study was to assess whether LPS adheres to orthodontic adhesive systems, comparing two commercial brands. Material and Methods Forty specimens were fabricated from Transbond XT and Light Bond composite and bonding agent components (n=10/component), then contaminated by immersion in a bacterial endotoxin solution. Contaminated and non-contaminated acrylic resin samples were used as positive and negative control groups, respectively. LPS quantification was performed by the Limulus Amebocyte Lysate QCL-1000™ test. Data obtained were scored and subjected to the Chi-square test using a significance level of 5%. Results There was endotoxin adhesion to all materials (p;0.05). There was no significant difference (p>;0.05) among commercial brands. Affinity of endotoxin was significantly greater for the bonding agents (p=0.0025). Conclusions LPS adhered to both orthodontic adhesive systems. Regardless of the brand, the endotoxin had higher affinity for the bonding agents than for the composites. There is no previous study assessing the affinity of LPS for orthodontic adhesive systems. This study revealed that LPS adheres to orthodontic adhesive systems. Therefore, additional care is recommended to orthodontic applications of these materials

Dietary restriction abrogates antibody production induced by a DNA vaccine encoding the mycobacterial 65 kDa heat shock protein

Abstract\ud \ud \ud \ud Background\ud \ud Protein-calorie malnutrition (PCM) is the most common type of malnutrition. PCM leads to immunodeficiency and consequent increased susceptibility to infectious agents. In addition, responses to prophylactic vaccines depend on nutritional status. This study aims to evaluate the ability of undernourished mice to mount an immune response to a genetic vaccine (pVAXhsp65) against tuberculosis, containing the gene coding for the heat shock protein 65 from mycobacteria.\ud \ud \ud \ud Methods\ud \ud Young adult female BALB/c mice were fed ad libitum or with 80% of the amount of food consumed by a normal diet group. We initially characterized a mice model of dietary restriction by determining body and spleen weights, hematological parameters and histopathological changes in lymphoid organs. The ability of splenic cells to produce IFN-gamma and IL-4 upon in vitro stimulation with LPS or S. aureus and the serum titer of specific IgG1 and IgG2a anti-hsp65 antibodies after intramuscular immunization with pVAXhsp65 was then tested.\ud \ud \ud \ud Results\ud \ud Dietary restriction significantly decreased body and spleen weights and also the total lymphocyte count in blood. This restriction also determined a striking atrophy in lymphoid organs as spleen, thymus and lymphoid tissue associated with the small intestine. Specific antibodies were not detected in mice submitted to dietary restriction whereas the well nourished animals produced significant levels of both, IgG1 and IgG2a anti-hsp65.\ud \ud \ud \ud Conclusion\ud \ud 20% restriction in food intake deeply compromised humoral immunity induced by a genetic vaccine, alerting, therefore, for the relevance of the nutritional condition in vaccination programs based on these kinds of constructs.The present study was supported by a scholarship award to Larissa L. W. Ishikawa by the Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP), Brazil.The present study was supported by a scholarship award to Larissa L. W. Ishikawa by the Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP), Brazil

Combined immunization using DNA-Sm14 and DNA-Hsp65 increases CD8+ memory T cells, reduces chronic pathology and decreases egg viability during Schistosoma mansoni infection

Abstract\ud \ud Background\ud Schistosomiasis is one of the most important neglected diseases found in developing countries and affects 249 million people worldwide. The development of an efficient vaccination strategy is essential for the control of this disease. Previous work showed partial protection induced by DNA-Sm14 against Schistosoma mansoni infection, whereas DNA-Hsp65 showed immunostimulatory properties against infectious diseases, autoimmune diseases, cancer and antifibrotic properties in an egg-induced granuloma model.\ud \ud \ud Methods\ud C57BL/6 mice received 4 doses of DNA-Sm14 (100 μg/dose) and DNA-Hsp65 (100 μg/dose), simultaneously administrated, or DNA-Sm14 alone, once a week, during four weeks. Three groups were included: 1- Control (no immunization); 2- DNA-Sm14; 3- DNA-Sm14/DNA-Hsp65. Two weeks following last immunization, animals were challenged subcutaneously with 30 cercariae. Fifteen, 48 and 69 days after infection splenocytes were collected to evaluate the number of CD8+ memory T cells (CD44highCD62low) using flow cytometry. Forty-eight days after challenge adult worms were collected by portal veins perfusion and intestines were collected to analyze the intestinal egg viability. Histological, immunohistochemical and soluble quantification of collagen and α-SMA accumulation were performed on the liver.\ud \ud \ud Results\ud In the current work, we tested a new vaccination strategy using DNA-Sm14 with DNA-Hsp65 to potentiate the protection against schistosomiasis. Combined vaccination increased the number of CD8+ memory T cells and decreased egg viability on the intestinal wall of infected mice. In addition, simultaneous vaccination with DNA-Sm14/DNA-Hsp65 reduced collagen and α-SMA accumulation during the chronic phase of granuloma formation.\ud \ud \ud Conclusion\ud Simultaneous vaccination with DNA-Sm14/DNA-Hsp65 showed an immunostimulatory potential and antifibrotic property that is associated with the reduction of tissue damage on Schistosoma mansoni experimental infection.We are grateful to Elaine Medeiros Floriano, Olinda Mara Brigoto and Fabiana\ud Rossetto de Morais for their technical assistance. This study was supported\ud by São Paulo Research Foundation (FAPESP, grant# 2009/01501-8 and 2009/\ud 07169-5) and Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e\ud Tecnológico (CNPq)

A importância da evolução da contabilidade digital e o impacto que esse mecanismo pode gerar nas pequenas e médias empresas / The importance of the evolution of digital accounting and the impact it can have on small and medium-sized companies

O presente artigo trata-se de um estudo bibliográfico, qual o objeto de estudo é a evolução da contabilidade com o uso da tecnologia. A contabilidade digital se refere a utilização de meios tecnológicos para fornecer contabilidade confiável em tempo real, informações financeiras e a análise de dados ideal. A tecnologia simplificou o processo de contabilidade, pois as integrações agora agilizam a entrada de dados, aumentam a precisão e reduzem a margem de erro. Com as integrações, as empresas podem vincular seu software de contabilidade a um processador de pagamento. Diante disso, o objetivo dessa pesquisa é apresentar sobre o impacto que as mudanças ocasionadas pela evolução da contabilidade digital podem influenciar no gerenciamento de pequenas e médias empresas. Os objetivos específicos foram analisar sobre os mecanismos envolvidos na contabilidade digital para empresas, relacionar a implementação da contabilidade digital nas empresas com a eficácia da gestão organizacional e descrever sobre a importância da atuação do profissional contador na gestão de empresas. A origem da pergunta problema essa pesquisa se fundamenta no fato da contabilidade digital se referir a utilização de meios tecnológicos para fornecer contabilidade confiável em tempo real, informações financeiras e a análise de dados de modo seguro e hábil, nesse sentido, a pergunta problema se refere de que forma as pequenas e grandes empresas podem ser impactadas com a ausência e retardo na implantação da contabilidade digital e qual o papel da gestão nesse contexto? Esse artigo científico, utilizou os meios de pesquisa bibliográficos, por seu desenvolvimento ter sido embasado em estudos científicos. Possui natureza de pesquisa aplicada e fins de pesquisas exploratórias. Os resultados esperados para o desenvolvimento da pesquisa é apresentar dados suficientes que possam mostrar os mecanismos envolvidos na contabilidade digital para empresas, sendo relacionado com o processo de implementação da contabilidade digital. Além disso, também se espera com essa pesquisa que sejam apresentadas informações acerca da eficácia da gestão organizacional relacionada à contabilidade digital

pVAXhsp65 vaccination primes for high IL-10 production and decreases experimental encephalomyelitis severity

Experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis (EAE) is a demyelinating pathology of the central nervous system (CNS) used as a model to study multiple sclerosis immunopathology. EAE has also been extensively employed to evaluate potentially therapeutic schemes. Considering the presence of an immune response directed to heat shock proteins (hsps) in autoimmune diseases and the immunoregulatory potential of these molecules, we evaluated the effect of a previous immunization with a genetic vaccine containing the mycobacterial hsp65 gene on EAE development. C57BL/6 mice were immunized with 4 pVAXhsp65 doses and 14 days later were submitted to EAE induction by immunization with myelin oligodendrocyte glycoprotein (MOG35-55) emulsified in Complete Freund’s Adjuvant. Vaccinated mice presented significant lower clinical scores and lost less body weight. MOG35-55 immunization also determined less inflammation in lumbar spinal cord but did not change CD4+CD25+Foxp3+ T cells frequency in spleen and CNS. Infiltrating cells from the CNS stimulated with rhsp65 produced significantly higher levels of IL-10. These results suggest that the ability of pVAXhsp65 vaccination to control EAE development is associated with IL-10 induction

PROPRIEDADES FARMACOLÓGICAS DA Aloe Vera L. NA CICATRIZAÇÃO DE FERIDAS: REVISÃO BIBLIOGRÁFICA

Introduction: Aloe Vera L. is a medicinal plant that presents several biological properties, among them healing activity. The phytotherapy and an alternative of viable treatment with low cost, which have proven therapeutic efficacy and safety. Objective: To analyze the pharmacological properties of aloe vera in wound healing. Methodology: This was based on a systematic review. For the theoretical foundation a search was made in the Virtual Health Library (VHL) where the databases International Literature in Health Sciences (MEDLINE), Latin American and Caribbean Literature on Health Sciences (LILACS) and Nursing Database (BDENF) were indexed. The following descriptors (DesCS) and also Medical Subject Headings (MESH) descriptors were used: ("Babosa" OR "Cicatrization"), ("Aloe vera" AND "Cicatrization"), ("Babosa" AND "Cicatrization"), ("Aloe vera" OR "Cicatrization") and ("Aloe vera" OR "Healing"). Results and Discussion: The pharmacological contributions of medicinal plants in wound healing are rooted in traditional knowledge, especially in the cultures of traditional populations, such as indigenous peoples, who take advantage of what nature has to offer. Conclusion: We conclude that the active ingredients extracted from natural products, such as Aloe vera L need a relatively simple technology, is of easy acquisition that reduces costs, thus representing one more advantage if we compare with other materials.Introducción: Aloe Vera L. es una planta medicinal que presenta varias propiedades biológicas, entre ellas la actividad cicatrizante. La fitoterapia y una alternativa de tratamiento viable con bajo coste, que han demostrado eficacia terapéutica y seguridad. Objetivo: Analizar las propiedades farmacológicas de la babosa (Aloe Vera L.) en la cicatrización de heridas. Metodología: Se basa en una revisión sistemática. Para la fundamentación teórica se utilizó una investigación en la Biblioteca Virtual de Salud (BVS) en la que se indexaron las bases de datos Literatura Internacional en Ciencias de la Salud (MEDLINE), Literatura Latinoamericana y del Caribe en Ciencias de la Salud (LILACS) y Base de Datos de Enfermería (BDENF). Se utilizaron los siguientes descriptores (DesCS) y también los descriptores del Medical Subject Headings (MESH): ("Babosa" O "Cicatrización"), ("Aloe vera" Y "Cicatrización"), ("Babosa" Y "Cicatrización"), ("Aloe vera" O "Cicatrización"), ("Aloe vera" Y "Cicatrización") y ("Aloe vera" O "Curación"). Resultados y discusión: Los aportes farmacológicos de las plantas medicinales en la curación de heridas tienen sus raíces en los conocimientos tradicionales, especialmente en las culturas de las poblaciones tradicionales, como los pueblos indígenas, que hacen uso de lo que la naturaleza tiene disponible. Conclusión: Se concluye que los principios activos extraídos a partir de productos naturales, como el Aloe vera L precisan de una tecnología relativamente sencilla, es de fácil adquisición y disminuyen los costes, representando así una ventaja en comparación con otras materias.Introdução: Aloe Vera L. é uma planta medicinal que apresenta diversas propriedades biológicas, dentre elas atividade cicatrizante. A fitoterapia e uma alternativa de tratamento viável com baixo custo, que possuem eficácia e segurança terapêutica comprovada. Objetivo: Analisar as propriedades farmacológicas da babosa (Aloe Vera L.)  na cicatrização de feridas. Metodologia: Baseou-se em uma revisão bibliográfica de cunho sistemático. Para a fundamentação teórica usou-se uma pesquisa na Biblioteca Virtual de Saúde (BVS) onde estavam indexadas as bases de dados Literatura Internacional em Ciências da Saúde (MEDLINE), Literatura Latino Americana e do Caribe em Ciências da Saúde (LILACS) e Base de Dados de Enfermagem (BDENF). Utilizou-se os seguintes descritores: (“Babosa” OR “Cicatrização”), (“Aloe vera” AND “Cicatrização”), (“Babosa” AND “Cicatrizante”), (“Aloe vera” OR “Cicatrizante”), (“Aloe vera” AND “Cicatrization”) e (“Aloe vera” OR “Healing”). Resultados e discussão: As contribuições farmacológicas das plantas medicinais na cicatrização de feridas estão arraigadas no conhecimento tradicional, principalmente nas culturas de populações tradicionais, como as indígenas, que se valem do que a natureza dispõe. Conclusão: Conclui-se que os princípios ativos extraídos a partir de produtos naturais, como a Aloe vera L precisam de uma tecnologia relativamente simples, é de fácil aquisição que diminui os custos, representando assim mais uma vantagem se comparamos com outros materiai

Protective Effect of Baccharis trimera Extract on Acute Hepatic Injury in a Model of Inflammation Induced by Acetaminophen

Background. Acetaminophen (APAP) is a commonly used analgesic and antipyretic. When administered in high doses, APAP is a clinical problem in the US and Europe, often resulting in severe liver injury and potentially acute liver failure. Studies have demonstrated that antioxidants and anti-inflammatory agents effectively protect against the acute hepatotoxicity induced by APAP overdose. Methods. The present study attempted to investigate the protective effect of B. trimera against APAP-induced hepatic damage in rats. The liver-function markers ALT and AST, biomarkers of oxidative stress, antioxidant parameters, and histopathological changes were examined. Results. The pretreatment with B. trimera attenuated serum activities of ALT and AST that were enhanced by administration of APAP. Furthermore, pretreatment with the extract decreases the activity of the enzyme SOD and increases the activity of catalase and the concentration of total glutathione. Histopathological analysis confirmed the alleviation of liver damage and reduced lesions caused by APAP. Conclusions. The hepatoprotective action of B. trimera extract may rely on its effect on reducing the oxidative stress caused by APAP-induced hepatic damage in a rat model. General Significance. These results make the extract of B. trimera a potential candidate drug capable of protecting the liver against damage caused by APAP overdose

Amblyomma sculptum Salivary PGE2 Modulates the Dendritic Cell-Rickettsia rickettsii Interactions in vitro and in vivo

Amblyomma sculptum is an important vector of Rickettsia rickettsii, causative agent of Rocky Mountain spotted fever and the most lethal tick-borne pathogen affecting humans. To feed on the vertebrate host's blood, A. sculptum secretes a salivary mixture, which may interact with skin resident dendritic cells (DCs) and modulate their function. The present work was aimed at depicting the A. sculptum saliva-host DC network and the biochemical nature of the immunomodulatory component(s) involved in this interface. A. sculptum saliva inhibits the production of inflammatory cytokines by murine DCs stimulated with LPS. The fractionation of the low molecular weight salivary content by reversed-phase chromatography revealed active fractions eluting from 49 to 55% of the acetonitrile gradient. Previous studies suggested that this pattern of elution matches with that observed for prostaglandin E2 (PGE2) and the molecular identity of this lipid mediator was unambiguously confirmed by a new high-resolution mass spectrometry methodology. A productive infection of murine DCs by R. rickettsii was demonstrated for the first time leading to proinflammatory cytokine production that was inhibited by both A. sculptum saliva and PGE2, a result also achieved with human DCs. The adoptive transfer of murine DCs incubated with R. rickettsii followed by treatment with A. sculptum saliva or PGE2 did not change the cytokine profile associated to cellular recall responses while IgG2a-specific antibodies were decreased in the serum of these mice. Together, these findings emphasize the role of PGE2 as a universal immunomodulator of tick saliva. In addition, it contributes to new approaches to explore R. rickettsii-DC interactions both in vitro and in vivo