Piesārņotu grunšu un augšņu rekultivācija ar modificētām piedevām - smago metālu imobilizācija

Elektroniskā versija nesatur pielikumusPiesārņojums ar smagajiem metāliem augsnē ir nopietna vides problēma. Bijušajās rūpnieciskajās, izgāztuvju, militārajās teritorijās atstātais vēsturiskais augsnes piesārņojums un tā rekultivācija ir jautājums, kura risināšanai iespējami dažādi varianti. Promocijas darbā “Piesārņotu grunšu un augšņu rekultivācija ar modificētām piedevām – smago metālu imobilizācija” tika veikti eksperimentāli pētījumi par inovatīvu modificētu piedevu – modificēta māla un humusvielu – izmantošanu efektīvai smago metālu piesārņojuma imobilizācijai. Papildus tika izvērtētas metālu atrašanās formas piesārņotajās un rekultivētajās augsnēs, kā arī inovatīvo augsnes sorbentu efektivitāte. Papildus izstrādāti ieteikumi pamatotai atbilstošo modificēto piedevu izvēlei kompleksa piesārņojuma gadījumos. Pētījumu rezultāti liecina, ka modificētajām piedevām, kas iegūtas no lokālām izejvielām, ir labas perspektīvas, lai videi draudzīgi rekultivētu ar smagajiem metāliem piesārņotu substrātu; piedāvāts indikatīvais modelis piemērotu rekultivācijas tehnoloģiju izvēles pamatojuma izstrādes vajadzībām. Atslēgvārdi: smagie metāli, “vieglā” rekultivācija, stabilizācija/-Heavy metal contamination is the inheritance of modern society and a serious environmental problem. Brownfields, dump sites, former and active industrial and military areas often demand remedial solutions concerning this problem. The aim of the dissertation “Contamination remediation with soil amendments by immobilization of heavy metals” included the development and testing of applicable soil amendments for hard and gentle heavy metal remediation approaches and the elaboration of an indicative decision support model for choosing the best available solution. In addition, aspects of metal speciation and immobilization efficiency were studied through experimental work with innovative modified clay and humic substances as remedial soil amendments. The obtained results revealed broad perspectives for the use of local resources in gentle remediation by soil amendments for heavy metal contaminated territories and showed indicative guidelines on how to choose the right applicable method in different cases

The Effect of Product Knowledge on Salesperson Performance with the moderating role of Attitude

This Study investigate The Effect of Product Knowledge on salesperson Performance with the moderating Role of Attitude. Amout of 65 from 72 questionnaires are considered valid for further analysis. Data analysis used Partial Least Square (PLS) with the smartPLS software version 3.0. Data analysis was performed to assess the measurement model and the inner model. The result revealed that one hypothesis was supported and the other one was not supported. Product knowledge influence the salesperson performance while attitude did not moderate the influence of product knowledge on the salesperson performance. This result of study enhances the insight of the sales manager that attitude did not moderate the salesperson performance. Manager needs to review the training of the salesperson in order the attitude contribute to the salesperson performance

Sembur Karo: Karo’s Traditional Medicine as Burns Injury Alternative Treatment with Rattus norvegicus as Model

Burns injury can be caused by flame, heat, chemical and electricity and it remains as one of the most serious problems in the medical world. Burns injury can be treated with traditional medicine. One of them is Sembur Karo. The objective of this research was to investigate the Sembur Karo potency for burns injury treatment. Sembur Karo obtained from North Sumatera was identified its plant composition and analyzed for bioactive compounds; flavonoid, steroid, and tannin. Twenty five rats (Rattus norvegicus) were used. The rats were divided into five groups of five. The first group used as a control without treatment, the second group are sprayed with Sembur Karo, while the third and the fourth groups were applied with Sembur Karo added with water and human saliva respectively. The last group were treated with Bioplacentone. All treatments were done once a day for               3 wk. Each week, one rat from all group were sacrificed with skins were taken for histology specimen. From this research, it was concluded that bioactive compounds in Sembur Karo were isoquersetin, sterol, and condensed tannin. The skin histology showed that the group which sprayed with Sembur Karo had the most effective effect among all groups. Keywords: burn injury; burn injury recovery; Sembur Karo

Toxicity assessment of Cedrus deodara oil compared to carbosulfan for Tenebrio molitor (Coleoptera: Tenebrionidae) adults

Specific compounds extracted from plants can control insect pests. The objective of this study was to evaluate the toxicity of deodar oil (phytopesticide) to adult mealworms Tenebrio molitor (Coleoptera: Tenebrionidae) compared with carbosulfan (synthetic insecticide), which exibits cholinesterase (ChE), glutamic pyruvic transaminase (GPT), and glutamic oxaloacetic transaminase (GOT) activities. The insecticides were applied through feeding, and the LC50 (lethal concentration) was calculated using the Finney method. The LC50 of deodar oil was higher than that of carbosulfan. The doses of both deodar oil and carbosulfan inhibited the ChE activity (p > 0.05) and enhanced the GPT and GOT activities (p < 0.05) in mealworm adults. Alterations in the activity of these biomarkers indicated that deodar oil could effectively control adult mealworms, being an environmentally low-impact method that can replace the use of chemical products

Potential Utilization of Dried Rice Leftover of Household Organic Waste for Poultry Functional Feed

Indonesia produced 30 × 106 t of waste in 2021; 40 % was organic and 276 × 103 t leftover rice. Meanwhile, broiler chicken farmers have been struggling with high feed costs to continue their production. Processing leftover rice into "aking-rice" is environmentally friendly, and it also provides alternative feed for chickens. "Aking-rice" is a type of resistant starch because it has undergone a gelatinization process that works as a synthesis of short-chain fatty acids that positively improve the function of the digestive tract because it increases the villi in the small intestine. This study analyzed the potential of “aking- rice” in broiler chicken productivity. The experimental method was a completely randomized design with three treatments, five replications and 12 chickens in each unit. The treatments are T0 (100 % basal feed), T1 (80 % basal feed + 20 % “aking- rice” spread on top of the basal feed), and T2 (80 % basal feed + 20 % "aking-rice" mix). Statistical analysis used ANOVA, and continued with LSD with observed variables, i.e. Feed Intake (FI), Average Daily Gain (ADG), Feed Conversion Ratio (FCR), and Performance Index (PI). The results showed that the highest FI values were T0 (99.02), T1 (97.45), and T2 (96.58). The highest ADG was T1 (40.40) then T0 (37.07) and the lowest was T2 (36.40). T1 has the lowest FCR (2.42) compared to T0 (2.68), T2 (2.66). The lowest FCR is T1 (2.42), then T2 (2.66) and the highest is T0 (2.68). The third variable was not significantly different, but the PI results showed a significant difference with the highest PI value T1 (433.84), while T0 (374.81) and T2 (372.67) were not different. Economic analysis also shows that the highest cost T0 (118 475) is significantly different from T1 (110 541) and T2 (109 558). The highest profit is shown by T1 (2 102) then T2 (1 063) and T0 (507). In conclusion, the use of "aking-rice" can increase the performance index with a higher ADG value and a lower FCR so that the costs are smaller and the profit is greater

WASTE DUMPS IN LATVIA: FORMER LANDFILLING, CONSEQUENCES AND POSSIBLE RECULTIVATION

Particular attention in this article is paid to the research of two waste dumps in the capital city of Latvia – Riga, which are planned to be re-cultivated in the nearest future and one site, which is former toxic hazardous soil dump site, where the remediation of site is of priority need. The present study is giving a general overview of contamination level in two waste dumps in Riga, which were made in the period from 50-ties to 70-ties of the 20th century, also the case of hazardous soil dump site formed in a period of more than 100 years is described. Planned actions as well as direct remediational technologies to reduce the poisonous impact to the urban environment and the role of re-cultivation in the urban planning in general are proposed

Possible Applications of Soil Remediation Technologies in Latvia

Increasing public concern about deleterious effects of contamination on the environment and human health has led to legislative actions aimed at controlling and regulating the emission of potential contaminants into the environment, but there is still a plethora of territories historically contaminated with different contaminants within the territory of Latvia. The purpose of the present study is to give an overview of the formerly and presently contaminated areas and give some recommendations for remediation. 242 first category contaminated territories (the contamination exceeds the acceptable normative 10 times or more) are mentioned in the National Register of Contaminated Territories, a lot of them are known as contaminated with hazardous contaminants such as heavy metals, oil products, organic compounds and other contaminants in different amounts and concentrations. An overview of soil contamination in Latvia is provided, the planned and recommended research, as well as the planned remediation in pilot case studies, are described, giving a review of the historical contamination situation and of applications of the planned remediation technologies

Small Scale Gasification Application and Perspectives in Circular Economy

Gasification is the process converting solid fuels as coal and organic plant matter, or biomass into combustible gas, called syngas. Gasification is a thermal conversion process using carbonaceous fuel, and it differs substantially from other thermal processes such as incineration or pyrolysis. The process can be used with virtually any carbonaceous fuel. It is an endothermic thermal conversion process, with partial oxidation being the dominant feature. Gasification converts various feedstock including waste to a syngas. Instead of producing only heat and electricity, synthesis gas produced by gasification may be transformed into commercial products with higher value as transport fuels, fertilizers, chemicals and even to substitute natural gas. Thermo-chemical conversion of biomass and solid municipal waste is developing as a tool to promote the idea of energy system without fossil fuels to a reality. In municipal solid waste management, gasification does not compete with recycling, moreover it enhances recycling programs. Pre-processing and after-processing must increase the amount of recyclables in the circular economy. Additionally, end of life plastics can serve as an energy feedstock for gasification as otherwise it cannot be sorted out and recycled. There is great potential for application of gasification technology within the biomass waste and solid waste management sector. Industrial self-consumption in the mode of combined heat and power can contribute to sustainable economic development within a circular economy

Leaching of Contamination from Stabilization/Solidification Remediated Soils of Different Texture

Development of soil and groundwater remediation technologies is a matter of great importance to eliminate historically and currently contaminated sites. Stabilization/solidification (S/S) refers to binding of waste contaminants to a more chemically stable form and thus diminishing leaching of contamination. It can be performed using cement with or without additives in order to stabilize and solidify soil with the contamination in matrix. A series of experiments were done to determine leaching properties of spiked soils of different texture bound with cement. Results of experiments showed, that soil texture (content of sand, silt and clay particles) affects the leaching of heavy metals from stabilized soils