(E)-N-[(6-Bromo­pyridin-2-yl)methyl­idene]-4-methyl­aniline

The title compound, C13H11BrN2, a Schiff base obtained from 6-bromo­picolinaldehyde and p-toluidine, has an E configuration about the C=N bond. The dihedral angle between the benzene and pyridine rings is 30.4 (1)°

A unifying framework for seed sensitivity and its application to subset seeds

We propose a general approach to compute the seed sensitivity, that can be applied to different definitions of seeds. It treats separately three components of the seed sensitivity problem -- a set of target alignments, an associated probability distribution, and a seed model -- that are specified by distinct finite automata. The approach is then applied to a new concept of subset seeds for which we propose an efficient automaton construction. Experimental results confirm that sensitive subset seeds can be efficiently designed using our approach, and can then be used in similarity search producing better results than ordinary spaced seeds

Incorporating sequence quality data into alignment improves DNA read mapping

New DNA sequencing technologies have achieved breakthroughs in throughput, at the expense of higher error rates. The primary way of interpreting biological sequences is via alignment, but standard alignment methods assume the sequences are accurate. Here, we describe how to incorporate the per-base error probabilities reported by sequencers into alignment. Unlike existing tools for DNA read mapping, our method models both sequencer errors and real sequence differences. This approach consistently improves mapping accuracy, even when the rate of real sequence difference is only 0.2%. Furthermore, when mapping Drosophila melanogaster reads to the Drosophila simulans genome, it increased the amount of correctly mapped reads from 49 to 66%. This approach enables more effective use of DNA reads from organisms that lack reference genomes, are extinct or are highly polymorphic

Kinetics and Pore Formation of the Sodium Metal Anode on NASICON‐Type Na3.4_{3.4} Zr2_2Si2.4_{2.4}P0.6_{0.6}O12_{12} for Sodium Solid‐State Batteries

In recent years, many efforts have been made to introduce reversible alkali metal anodes using solid electrolytes in order to increase the energy density of next-generation batteries. In this respect, Na$_{3.4}$Zr$_2$Si$_{2.4}$P$_{0.6}$O$_{12}$ is a promising solid electrolyte for solid-state sodium batteries, due to its high ionic conductivity and apparent stability versus sodium metal. The formation of a kinetically stable interphase in contact with sodium metal is revealed by time-resolved impedance analysis, in situ X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy, and transmission electron microscopy. Based on pressure- and temperature-dependent impedance analyses, it is concluded that the Na|Na$_{3.4}$Zr$_2$Si$_{2.4}$P$_{0.6}$O$_{12}$ interface kinetics is dominated by current constriction rather than by charge transfer. Cross-sections of the interface after anodic dissolution at various mechanical loads visualize the formed pore structure due to the accumulation of vacancies near the interface. The temporal evolution of the pore morphology after anodic dissolution is monitored by time-resolved impedance analysis. Equilibration of the interface is observed even under extremely low external mechanical load, which is attributed to fast vacancy diffusion in sodium metal, while equilibration is faster and mainly caused by creep at increased external load. The presented information provides useful insights into a more profound evaluation of the sodium metal anode in solid-state batteries

Radiative corrections to e+e−→H+H−e^+ e^- \to H^+ H^-: THDM versus MSSM

One loop radiative corrections to $e^+e^-\to H^+ H^-$ are considered at future linear collider energies, in the general type II Two Higgs Doublet Model (THDM) and in the Minimal Supersymmetric Standard Model-like (MSSM) Higgs sector. To make the comparison between THDM and MSSM tractable, we have introduced a quasi-SUSY parameterization which preserves all the tree-level Higgs mass-sum-rules of the MSSM, and involves just 3 free parameters in the Higgs sector (instead of 7 in the general THDM) and comprises the MSSM as a particular case. The model-independent soft photon contribution is isolated and shown to be substantial. Important effects come also from the contribution of the model dependent $h^0 H^+ H^-$ and $H^0 H^+ H^-$ vertices to the final state. In the MSSM, the contribution of the Higgs sector is moderate (a few percent) while in the THDM and both for small and large $\tan \beta$ important effects ($\sim +30$) can be found.Comment: 46 pages, LaTeX, 9 figures, shortened and revised version, to be published in Nuclear Physics

The NuTeV Anomaly, Neutrino Mixing, and a Heavy Higgs Boson

Recent results from the NuTeV experiment at Fermilab and the deviation of the Z invisible width, measured at LEP/SLC, from its Standard Model (SM) prediction suggest the suppression of neutrino-Z couplings. Such suppressions occur naturally in models which mix the neutrinos with heavy gauge singlet states. We postulate a universal suppression of the Z-nu-nu couplings by a factor of (1-epsilon) and perform a fit to the Z-pole and NuTeV observables with epsilon and the oblique correction parameters S and T. Compared to a fit with S and T only, inclusion of epsilon leads to a dramatic improvement in the quality of the fit. The values of S and T preferred by the fit can be obtained within the SM by a simple increase in the Higgs boson mass. However, if the W mass is also included in the fit, a non-zero U parameter becomes necessary which cannot be supplied within the SM. The preferred value of epsilon suggests that the seesaw mechanism may not be the reason why neutrinos are so light.Comment: 19 pages, REVTeX4, 8 postscript figures. Updated references. Typos correcte

The leading particle effect from light quark fragmentation in charm hadroproduction

The asymmetry of $D^-$ and $D^+$ meson production in $\pi^-N$ scattering observed by the E791 experiment is a typical phenomenon known as the leading particle effect in charm hadroproducton. We show that the phenomenon can be explained by the effect of light quark fragmentation into charmed hadrons (LQF). Meanwhile, the size of the LQF effect is estimated from data of the E791 experiment. A comparison is made with the estimate of the LQF effect from prompt like-sign dimuon rate in neutrino experiments. The influence of the LQF effect on the measurement of nucleon strange distribution asymmetry from charged current charm production processes is briefly discussed.Comment: 6 latex pages, 1 figure, to appear in EPJ