Actuality of colloid chemistry in chemical education of students of medical and pharmaceutical faculty

The article is dedicated to the one of the modern medical chemistry section named colloidal chemistry. It is not only component of basic chemical equation of future doctors and pharmacist, subject of medical and pharmacephtical scientific and experiment investigations but colloidal chemistry is the base of a modern and more promising direction of medicine called nanomedicine

Management of complex economic security of enterprises: empirical test in Russia

There is a new meaningful interpretation of the concept of "integrated economic security of industrial enterprise"; the problems of analyzing complex economic security are substantiated. Based on the study of the regulatory and legal and methodological support of the process of managing economic security in modern economic and political conditions, generalizations and analysis of existing practice in Russia and abroad, the main shortcomings in approaches to assessing the integrated economic security of industrial enterprises have been identified. The article examines the methods for assessing economic security: matrix, product, operational, dynamic one and methods of assessment based on the market value of the company. The parameters of the integrated economic security of industrial enterprise are classified: financial and economic security, information, technological, material and technical, personnel, epidemiological security, conceptual model for assessing financial and economic and integrated security of enterprise has been developed. The practical implementation of the proposed developments has been carried out. It is recommended to use the developed model of economic security management as enterprise resource planning (ERP) module of the enterprise system

Tomosyn inhibits synaptic vesicle priming in Caenorhabditis elegans

Caenorhabditis elegans TOM-1 is orthologous to vertebrate tomosyn, a cytosolic syntaxin-binding protein implicated in the modulation of both constitutive and regulated exocytosis. To investigate how TOM-1 regulates exocytosis of synaptic vesicles in vivo, we analyzed C. elegans tom-1 mutants. Our electrophysiological analysis indicates that evoked postsynaptic responses at tom-1 mutant synapses are prolonged leading to a two-fold increase in total charge transfer. The enhanced response in tom-1 mutants is not associated with any detectable changes in postsynaptic response kinetics, neuronal outgrowth, or synaptogenesis. However, at the ultrastructural level, we observe a concomitant increase in the number of plasma membrane-contacting vesicles in tom-1 mutant synapses, a phenotype reversed by neuronal expression of TOM-1. Priming defective unc-13 mutants show a dramatic reduction in plasma membrane-contacting vesicles, suggesting these vesicles largely represent the primed vesicle pool at the C. elegans neuromuscular junction. Consistent with this conclusion, hyperosmotic responses in tom-1 mutants are enhanced, indicating the primed vesicle pool is enhanced. Furthermore, the synaptic defects of unc-13 mutants are partially suppressed in tom-1 unc-13 double mutants. These data indicate that in the intact nervous system, TOM-1 negatively regulates synaptic vesicle priming. © 2006 Gracheva et al

Актуальність колоїдної хімії у хімічнiї освітi студентів медичного та фармацевтичного факультетiв

The article is dedicated to the one of the modern medical chemistry section named colloidal chemistry. It is not only component of basic chemical equation of future doctors and pharmacist, subject of medical and pharmacephtical scientific and experiment investigations but colloidal chemistry is the base of a modern and more promising direction of medicine called nanomedicine.Стаття присвячується одному з розділів сучасної медичної хімії – колоїдної хімії, яка є не лише складовою частиною базової хімічної освіти майбутніх лікарів і провізорів, напрямком наукових і експериментальних досліджень в медицині та фармації, але стає основою найбільш перспективного напряму медицини – наномедицині

Modified Desolvation Method Enables Simple One-Step Synthesis of Gelatin Nanoparticles from Different Gelatin Types with Any Bloom Values

Gelatin nanoparticles found numerous applications in drug delivery, bioimaging, immunotherapy, and vaccine development as well as in biotechnology and food science. Synthesis of gelatin nanoparticles is usually made by a two-step desolvation method, which, despite providing stable and homogeneous nanoparticles, has many limitations, namely complex procedure, low yields, and poor reproducibility of the first desolvation step. Herein, we present a modified one-step desolvation method, which enables the quick, simple, and reproducible synthesis of gelatin nanoparticles. Using the proposed method one can prepare gelatin nanoparticles from any type of gelatin with any bloom number, even with the lowest ones, which remains unattainable for the traditional two-step technique. The method relies on quick one-time addition of poor solvent (preferably isopropyl alcohol) to gelatin solution in the absence of stirring. We applied the modified desolvation method to synthesize nanoparticles from porcine, bovine, and fish gelatin with bloom values from 62 to 225 on the hundreds-of-milligram scale. Synthesized nanoparticles had average diameters between 130 and 190 nm and narrow size distribution. Yields of synthesis were 62–82% and can be further increased. Gelatin nanoparticles have good colloidal stability and withstand autoclaving. Moreover, they were non-toxic to human immune cells. © 2021 by the authors. Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland.Funding: The reported study was funded by RFBR and Kaliningrad Oblast according to the research project № 19-415-393005 (preparation of fluorescence gelatin nanoparticles and study of their fluorescent properties), by RFBR research project 19-015-00408 (preparation of gelatin nanoparticles by the desolvation method), and by Ministry of Science and Higher Education of the Russian Federation within the framework of the Russian State Assignment under contract No. AAAA-А19-119112290010-7 (assessment of nanoparticles cytotoxicity)

RF patients after resection of the gall bladder – is it always postcholecystectomy syndrome?

The article analyzes the causes of recurrent abdominal pain and dyspeptic phenomena in 657 patients after cholecystectomy. The authors found out that after gall bladder resection 48% of patients complain of pain and dyspepsia. Postcholecystectomy syndrome (dysfunction of Oddi’s sphincter) is diagnosed in 15.2% of the patients. The proportion of diseases of the esophagus and organs of the gastroduodenal zone is 36.4%, of the hepato-pancreato-biliary one is 38.3 per cent. Diagnostic errors at the preoperative stage and/or tactical ones during cholecystectomy amounted to 7.8%

FIBROSCLEROSIS AND SCLEROSING ADENOSIS WITH MICROCALCIFICATIONS IN THE BREAST. MOLECULAR PATHOGENESIS, TIMELY DIAGNOSIS AND TREATMENT

A brief review of current data on the generality of the epidemiology and molecular pathogenesis of breast cancer and benign breast diseases is presented. Currently, a type of mastopathy, fibrosclerosis/sclerosing adenosis, ac­companied by the formation of microcalcifications, is considered as a benign pathological condition with a high risk of malignancy, and also as a pre-start condition of a possible transition of mastopathy to cancer. In the review is discussed the fundamental biological process of the epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) as a molecular pathogenetic basis of this phenomenon. Identification of the above mentioned pathological changes using mam­mography and refined diagnostics using a vacuum aspiration biopsy allow timely treatment of fibrosclerosis and sclerosing adenosis with Indinol® Forto, a drug of pathogenetic action based on indole-3-carbinol, due to its mul­tiple anticancer and oncoprophylactic activity, including ability to reverse at the epigenetic level the EMT process abnormally proceeding in these benign breast diseases