OS IMPACTOS DA VIOLÊNCIA NO DESENVOLVIMENTO INFANTIL

Studies that address abuse in childhood and adolescence have become relevant in recent years, given the evidence of harmful repercussions in the psychological sphere of its victims. This article aims to investigate the impacts of violence on the development of intelligence in children and adolescents exposed to situations of violence. The research consists of a systematic review of the literature with a descriptive and exploratory qualitative approach, conducting a journey investigating variables in the literature such as sociodemographic aspects of children and adults with and without violence, followed by personality traits of children and adults with and without violence, as well as such as, the perception of facial emotions of children with and without violence, and finally, the cognitive development of children with and without violence. For the survey of articles in the literature, the following databases were consulted: Scielo, PePsic and Portal Regional from the BVS. The results found state that children who have the opportunity to grow up with quality education, with emotionally balanced families, tend to have a lower incidence of violent behavior, cognitive impairment and personality disorders. It is concluded that exposure to violence in children and adolescents presents emotional dysregulation in childhood and extends into adulthood.Los estudios que abordan los malos tratos en la infancia y la adolescencia han cobrado relevancia durante los últimos años, dada la evidencia de repercusiones perjudiciales en la esfera psicológica de sus víctimas. Este artículo tiene como objetivo investigar los impactos de la violencia en el desarrollo de la inteligencia de niños, niñas y adolescentes expuestos a situaciones de violencia. La investigación consiste en una revisión sistemática de la literatura de abordaje cualitativo descriptivo y exploratorio, realizando un curso investigando en la literatura variables como aspectos sociodemográficos de niños y adultos con y sin violencia, seguido de rasgos de personalidad de niños y adultos con y sin violencia, así como la percepción de las emociones faciales de niños con y sin violencia, y finalmente, el desarrollo cognitivo de los niños con y sin violencia. Para el levantamiento de artículos en la literatura, se consultaron las siguientes bases de datos, Scielo, PePsic y Portal Regional de la BVS. Los resultados encontrados indican que los niños que tienen la oportunidad de crecer con una educación de calidad, junto con familias emocionalmente equilibradas, tienden a tener una menor incidencia de comportamientos violentos, deficiencias cognitivas y trastornos de personalidad. Se concluye que la exposición a la violencia en niños y adolescentes presenta desregulación emocional en la infancia y se extiende hasta la edad adulta.Estudos que abordam maus-tratos na infância e adolescência se tornaram relevantes durante os últimos anos dada as evidências das repercussões danosas na esfera psicológica de suas vítimas. O presente artigo tem por finalidade investigar os impactos da violência no desenvolvimento da inteligência de crianças e adolescentes expostos à situações de violência. A pesquisa consiste em uma revisão sistemática da literatura de abordagem qualitativa descritiva e exploratória, realizando um percurso investigando na literatura variáveis como aspectos sociodemográficos de crianças e adultos com e sem violência, seguido por traços da personalidade de crianças e adultos com e sem violência, assim como, a percepção das emoções faciais das crianças com e sem violência, e por fim, o desenvolvimento cognitivo de crianças com e sem violência. Para o levantamento de artigos na literatura, foram consultadas as seguintes bases de dados, Scielo, PePsic e Portal Regional da BVS. Os resultados encontrados afirmam que crianças que tem oportunidade de crescerem com educação de qualidade, junto de famílias emocionalmente equilibradas, tendem a ter menor incidência para comportamentos violentos, prejuízos cognitivos e de transtornos de personalidade. Conclui-se que a exposição a violência em crianças e adolescentes apresenta desregulação emocional na infância e estende-se até a idade adulta.Estudos que abordam maus-tratos na infância e adolescência se tornaram relevantes durante os últimos anos dada as evidências das repercussões danosas na esfera psicológica de suas vítimas. O presente artigo tem por finalidade investigar os impactos da violência no desenvolvimento da inteligência de crianças e adolescentes expostos à situações de violência. A pesquisa consiste em uma revisão sistemática da literatura de abordagem qualitativa descritiva e exploratória, realizando um percurso investigando na literatura variáveis como aspectos sociodemográficos de crianças e adultos com e sem violência, seguido por traços da personalidade de crianças e adultos com e sem violência, assim como, a percepção das emoções faciais das crianças com e sem violência, e por fim, o desenvolvimento cognitivo de crianças com e sem violência. Para o levantamento de artigos na literatura, foram consultadas as seguintes bases de dados, Scielo, PePsic e Portal Regional da BVS. Os resultados encontrados afirmam que crianças que tem oportunidade de crescerem com educação de qualidade, junto de famílias emocionalmente equilibradas, tendem a ter menor incidência para comportamentos violentos, prejuízos cognitivos e de transtornos de personalidade. Conclui-se que a exposição a violência em crianças e adolescentes apresenta desregulação emocional na infância e estende-se até a idade adulta

LA SOBRECARGA FAMILIAR DE LA PERSONA CON ESQUIZOFRENIA: una revisión sistemática

A esquizofrenia é um dos transtornos mentais classificado como altamente incapacitante, promovendo uma maior exclusão desse indivíduo das suas tarefas realizadas, e do seu convívio social. A definição desse diagnóstico, apesar de necessária, provoca mudanças não só para esse indivíduo, mas também afeta seu familiar. Objetivo: O presente artigo tem por finalidade investigar a ocorrência da sobrecarga em familiares cuidadores de indivíduos diagnosticado com esquizofrenia. Métodos: A pesquisa consiste em uma revisão sistemática da literatura de abordagem qualitativa descritiva e exploratória. Para o levantamento de artigos na literatura, foram consultadas as seguintes bases de dados, Scielo, PePsic e Portal Regional da BVS, usando os descritores esquizofrenia, sobrecarga e cuidador, e a palavra-chave “familiar”, o operador de busca utilizado foi “and”. Resultados: Os resultados encontrados, nos artigos selecionados, concordam e apontam para as dificuldades vivenciadas pelos cuidadores, nos campos sociais, econômicos e saúde, acarretando altos níveis de sobrecarga. Conclusões: Conclui-se que ao compreender mais sobre os impactos psicológicos dos familiares ao receber o diagnóstico de esquizofrenia de seu familiar, possibilitamos, além de um maior conhecimento do tema sobre a totalidade do impacto na família, o planejamento de estratégias para minimizar os impactos na organização e estrutura familiar, promovendo uma melhor qualidade diante da realidade do transtorno mental.Introduction: Schizophrenia is one of the mental disorders classified as highly incapacitating, promoting a greater exclusion of this individual from his tasks performed, and from his social life. The definition of this diagnosis, although necessary, causes changes not only for this individual, but also affects his family. Objective: This article aims to investigate the occurrence of overload in family caregivers of individuals diagnosed with schizophrenia. Methods: The research consists of a systematic review of the literature with a qualitative, descriptive and exploratory approach. For the survey of articles in the literature, the following databases were consulted, Scielo, PePsic and the VHL Regional Portal, using the descriptors schizophrenia, burden and caregiver, and the keyword “family”, the search operator used was “and”. Results: The results found, in the selected articles, agree and point to the difficulties experienced by caregivers in the social, economic and health fields, causing high levels of burden. Conclusions: We conclude that by understanding more about the psychological impacts of family members when receiving the diagnosis of schizophrenia from their family members, we make it possible, in addition to greater knowledge of the topic about the total impact on the family, to plan strategies to minimize the impacts in family organization and structure, promoting better quality in the face of the reality of the mental disorder.Introducción: La esquizofrenia es uno de los trastornos mentales clasificados como altamente incapacitantes, promoviendo una mayor exclusión de este individuo de las tareas que desempeña y de su vida social. La definición de este diagnóstico, aunque necesaria, provoca cambios no sólo para este individuo, sino que también afecta a su familiar. Objetivo: Este artículo tiene como objetivo investigar la ocurrencia de sobrecarga en cuidadores familiares de personas diagnosticadas con esquizofrenia. Métodos: La investigación consiste en una revisión sistemática de la literatura con un enfoque cualitativo descriptivo y exploratorio. Para el levantamiento de artículos en la literatura, fueron consultadas las siguientes bases de datos, Scielo, PePsic y el Portal Regional de la BVS, utilizando los descriptores esquizofrenia, carga y cuidador, y la palabra clave “familiar”, el operador de búsqueda utilizado fue “y”. Resultados: Los resultados encontrados, en los artículos seleccionados, concuerdan y señalan las dificultades experimentadas por los cuidadores en los campos social, económico y de salud, resultando en altos niveles de sobrecarga. Conclusiones: Se concluye que al comprender más sobre los impactos psicológicos de los familiares que reciben el diagnóstico de esquizofrenia por parte de su familiar, permitimos, además de un mayor conocimiento del tema sobre la totalidad del impacto en la familia, la planificación de estrategias para minimizar los impactos en la organización y estructura familiar, promoviendo una mejor calidad frente a la realidad del trastorno mental

The risk of COVID-19 death is much greater and age dependent with type I IFN autoantibodies

International audienceSignificance There is growing evidence that preexisting autoantibodies neutralizing type I interferons (IFNs) are strong determinants of life-threatening COVID-19 pneumonia. It is important to estimate their quantitative impact on COVID-19 mortality upon SARS-CoV-2 infection, by age and sex, as both the prevalence of these autoantibodies and the risk of COVID-19 death increase with age and are higher in men. Using an unvaccinated sample of 1,261 deceased patients and 34,159 individuals from the general population, we found that autoantibodies against type I IFNs strongly increased the SARS-CoV-2 infection fatality rate at all ages, in both men and women. Autoantibodies against type I IFNs are strong and common predictors of life-threatening COVID-19. Testing for these autoantibodies should be considered in the general population

The risk of COVID-19 death is much greater and age dependent with type I IFN autoantibodies

International audienceSignificance There is growing evidence that preexisting autoantibodies neutralizing type I interferons (IFNs) are strong determinants of life-threatening COVID-19 pneumonia. It is important to estimate their quantitative impact on COVID-19 mortality upon SARS-CoV-2 infection, by age and sex, as both the prevalence of these autoantibodies and the risk of COVID-19 death increase with age and are higher in men. Using an unvaccinated sample of 1,261 deceased patients and 34,159 individuals from the general population, we found that autoantibodies against type I IFNs strongly increased the SARS-CoV-2 infection fatality rate at all ages, in both men and women. Autoantibodies against type I IFNs are strong and common predictors of life-threatening COVID-19. Testing for these autoantibodies should be considered in the general population

Rare predicted loss-of-function variants of type I IFN immunity genes are associated with life-threatening COVID-19

BackgroundWe previously reported that impaired type I IFN activity, due to inborn errors of TLR3- and TLR7-dependent type I interferon (IFN) immunity or to autoantibodies against type I IFN, account for 15-20% of cases of life-threatening COVID-19 in unvaccinated patients. Therefore, the determinants of life-threatening COVID-19 remain to be identified in similar to 80% of cases.MethodsWe report here a genome-wide rare variant burden association analysis in 3269 unvaccinated patients with life-threatening COVID-19, and 1373 unvaccinated SARS-CoV-2-infected individuals without pneumonia. Among the 928 patients tested for autoantibodies against type I IFN, a quarter (234) were positive and were excluded.ResultsNo gene reached genome-wide significance. Under a recessive model, the most significant gene with at-risk variants was TLR7, with an OR of 27.68 (95%CI 1.5-528.7, P=1.1x10(-4)) for biochemically loss-of-function (bLOF) variants. We replicated the enrichment in rare predicted LOF (pLOF) variants at 13 influenza susceptibility loci involved in TLR3-dependent type I IFN immunity (OR=3.70[95%CI 1.3-8.2], P=2.1x10(-4)). This enrichment was further strengthened by (1) adding the recently reported TYK2 and TLR7 COVID-19 loci, particularly under a recessive model (OR=19.65[95%CI 2.1-2635.4], P=3.4x10(-3)), and (2) considering as pLOF branchpoint variants with potentially strong impacts on splicing among the 15 loci (OR=4.40[9%CI 2.3-8.4], P=7.7x10(-8)). Finally, the patients with pLOF/bLOF variants at these 15 loci were significantly younger (mean age [SD]=43.3 [20.3] years) than the other patients (56.0 [17.3] years; P=1.68x10(-5)).ConclusionsRare variants of TLR3- and TLR7-dependent type I IFN immunity genes can underlie life-threatening COVID-19, particularly with recessive inheritance, in patients under 60 years old

The DUNE Far Detector Vertical Drift Technology, Technical Design Report

International audienceDUNE is an international experiment dedicated to addressing some of the questions at the forefront of particle physics and astrophysics, including the mystifying preponderance of matter over antimatter in the early universe. The dual-site experiment will employ an intense neutrino beam focused on a near and a far detector as it aims to determine the neutrino mass hierarchy and to make high-precision measurements of the PMNS matrix parameters, including the CP-violating phase. It will also stand ready to observe supernova neutrino bursts, and seeks to observe nucleon decay as a signature of a grand unified theory underlying the standard model. The DUNE far detector implements liquid argon time-projection chamber (LArTPC) technology, and combines the many tens-of-kiloton fiducial mass necessary for rare event searches with the sub-centimeter spatial resolution required to image those events with high precision. The addition of a photon detection system enhances physics capabilities for all DUNE physics drivers and opens prospects for further physics explorations. Given its size, the far detector will be implemented as a set of modules, with LArTPC designs that differ from one another as newer technologies arise. In the vertical drift LArTPC design, a horizontal cathode bisects the detector, creating two stacked drift volumes in which ionization charges drift towards anodes at either the top or bottom. The anodes are composed of perforated PCB layers with conductive strips, enabling reconstruction in 3D. Light-trap-style photon detection modules are placed both on the cryostat's side walls and on the central cathode where they are optically powered. This Technical Design Report describes in detail the technical implementations of each subsystem of this LArTPC that, together with the other far detector modules and the near detector, will enable DUNE to achieve its physics goals

The DUNE Far Detector Vertical Drift Technology, Technical Design Report

International audienceDUNE is an international experiment dedicated to addressing some of the questions at the forefront of particle physics and astrophysics, including the mystifying preponderance of matter over antimatter in the early universe. The dual-site experiment will employ an intense neutrino beam focused on a near and a far detector as it aims to determine the neutrino mass hierarchy and to make high-precision measurements of the PMNS matrix parameters, including the CP-violating phase. It will also stand ready to observe supernova neutrino bursts, and seeks to observe nucleon decay as a signature of a grand unified theory underlying the standard model. The DUNE far detector implements liquid argon time-projection chamber (LArTPC) technology, and combines the many tens-of-kiloton fiducial mass necessary for rare event searches with the sub-centimeter spatial resolution required to image those events with high precision. The addition of a photon detection system enhances physics capabilities for all DUNE physics drivers and opens prospects for further physics explorations. Given its size, the far detector will be implemented as a set of modules, with LArTPC designs that differ from one another as newer technologies arise. In the vertical drift LArTPC design, a horizontal cathode bisects the detector, creating two stacked drift volumes in which ionization charges drift towards anodes at either the top or bottom. The anodes are composed of perforated PCB layers with conductive strips, enabling reconstruction in 3D. Light-trap-style photon detection modules are placed both on the cryostat's side walls and on the central cathode where they are optically powered. This Technical Design Report describes in detail the technical implementations of each subsystem of this LArTPC that, together with the other far detector modules and the near detector, will enable DUNE to achieve its physics goals

The DUNE Far Detector Vertical Drift Technology, Technical Design Report

International audienceDUNE is an international experiment dedicated to addressing some of the questions at the forefront of particle physics and astrophysics, including the mystifying preponderance of matter over antimatter in the early universe. The dual-site experiment will employ an intense neutrino beam focused on a near and a far detector as it aims to determine the neutrino mass hierarchy and to make high-precision measurements of the PMNS matrix parameters, including the CP-violating phase. It will also stand ready to observe supernova neutrino bursts, and seeks to observe nucleon decay as a signature of a grand unified theory underlying the standard model. The DUNE far detector implements liquid argon time-projection chamber (LArTPC) technology, and combines the many tens-of-kiloton fiducial mass necessary for rare event searches with the sub-centimeter spatial resolution required to image those events with high precision. The addition of a photon detection system enhances physics capabilities for all DUNE physics drivers and opens prospects for further physics explorations. Given its size, the far detector will be implemented as a set of modules, with LArTPC designs that differ from one another as newer technologies arise. In the vertical drift LArTPC design, a horizontal cathode bisects the detector, creating two stacked drift volumes in which ionization charges drift towards anodes at either the top or bottom. The anodes are composed of perforated PCB layers with conductive strips, enabling reconstruction in 3D. Light-trap-style photon detection modules are placed both on the cryostat's side walls and on the central cathode where they are optically powered. This Technical Design Report describes in detail the technical implementations of each subsystem of this LArTPC that, together with the other far detector modules and the near detector, will enable DUNE to achieve its physics goals

The DUNE Far Detector Vertical Drift Technology, Technical Design Report

DUNE is an international experiment dedicated to addressing some of the questions at the forefront of particle physics and astrophysics, including the mystifying preponderance of matter over antimatter in the early universe. The dual-site experiment will employ an intense neutrino beam focused on a near and a far detector as it aims to determine the neutrino mass hierarchy and to make high-precision measurements of the PMNS matrix parameters, including the CP-violating phase. It will also stand ready to observe supernova neutrino bursts, and seeks to observe nucleon decay as a signature of a grand unified theory underlying the standard model. The DUNE far detector implements liquid argon time-projection chamber (LArTPC) technology, and combines the many tens-of-kiloton fiducial mass necessary for rare event searches with the sub-centimeter spatial resolution required to image those events with high precision. The addition of a photon detection system enhances physics capabilities for all DUNE physics drivers and opens prospects for further physics explorations. Given its size, the far detector will be implemented as a set of modules, with LArTPC designs that differ from one another as newer technologies arise. In the vertical drift LArTPC design, a horizontal cathode bisects the detector, creating two stacked drift volumes in which ionization charges drift towards anodes at either the top or bottom. The anodes are composed of perforated PCB layers with conductive strips, enabling reconstruction in 3D. Light-trap-style photon detection modules are placed both on the cryostat's side walls and on the central cathode where they are optically powered. This Technical Design Report describes in detail the technical implementations of each subsystem of this LArTPC that, together with the other far detector modules and the near detector, will enable DUNE to achieve its physics goals