DILEMA MASYARAKAT SUMEDANG TERHADAP KEHADIRAN GERAKAN DI/TII TAHUN 1950-1962

Dari masalahutamatersebutdibagimenjaditigapertanyaanpenelitian, yaitu (1) Latarbelakangmunculnyagerakan DI/TII di Sumedangtahun 1950-1962, (2) BagaimanasikapmasyarakatSumedangterhadapkehadiranGerakanDI/TII tahun 1950- 1962, (3)Bagaimanapengaruhdarigerakan DI/TII terhadapmasyarakatSumedangtahun 1950- 1962. TujuandilakukannyapenelitianiniadalahuntukMenjelaskanlatarbelakangmunculnyaGerakan DI/TII di SumedangTahun 1950-1962, MenjelaskansikapmasyarakatSumedangterhadapkehadiranGerakan DI/TIItahun 1950-1962,MendeskripsikanpengaruhdariGerakan DI/TII terhadapkeadaanmasyarakatSumedangtahun 1960-1962, SertamenjelaskanberakhirnyaGerakan DI/TII di Sumedang. Metode yang digunakanadalahmetodehistoris.Untukmemperdalamanalisis, penelitimenggunakanpendekataninterdisiplinermelaluikajianterhadapsumberlisan, arsip, penelitianterdahulu.LatarbelakangkehadiranGerakan DI /TII di wilayahSumedangsekitartahun 1950-anmerupakanbagianawaldaritujuanlahirnyaGerakan DI/TII yaituberidirya NII di Jawa Barat yang dipimpinolehKartosuwiryo. KehadiranGerakan DI/TII menggangukehidupanMasyarakatKabupatenSumedangkarenamerekaseringmemaksamasyarakatuntukmembayarinfaqataupajak, jikamasyarakattidakmembayarinfaqataupajak yang telahditentukanmakaGerakan DI/TII tidaksegan-seganmelakukankekerasanterhadapmasyarakatbahkansampaimembakarrumah-rumahmasyarakattersebut.KeadaantersebutmenimbulkanberbagaireaksidarimasyarakatSumedang, diantaranyabanyakdarimasyarakatSumedang yang menolakkehadirangerakan DI/TII dantidaksedikitjuga yang memlihuntukmendukungGerakan DI/TII.Penolakan yang dilakukanolehmasyarakatSumedangdikarenakankegiatan-kegiatan yang dilakukanolehGerakan DI/TII membuatresahmasyarakat.Banyakmasyarakat yang harusmengungsiketempat yang lebihamankarenamerekatakutakandiserangolehGerakan DI/TIIataubahkanmerekatidaklagimemilikitempattinggalkarenarumah-rumahnyatelahdibakarolehGerakan DI/TII. Masyarakat lain yang memlihuntukmendukungGerakan DI/TII disebabkanolehberbagaikeadaan, diantaranyaseseorangmeresatakutdibunuhsehinggamemilihuntukmenjadipendukungGerakan DI/TII denganmemberikaninformasikeadaanmasyarakat yang akanmerekadatangi, adajuga yang memlihuntukbergabungdisebabkanmerasakecewaterhadapmasyarakat yang tidakmendukungdiauntukmenjadiKepalaDesadaerahtersebut. KehadiranGerakan DI/TII menimbulkanpengaruhterhadapkeadaansosial, keamanan, sertaekonomimasyarakatSumedang.KeadaantersebutterusdirasakanolehmasyarakatKabupatenSumedangsampaipadatahun 1962 ketikapemimpinGerakan DI/TII besertapengikutnyaditangkap, sehinggapengaruhdariGerakan DI/TII semakinmelemahsampaipadaakhirnyakeadaanmasyarakatKabupatenSumedangkembalisepertibiasanya. This thesis is titled “The Dilemma of Sumedang People towards the Presence of DI/TII Movement in 1950-1962”. The main problem which is studied in this thesis is “How the Reaction of Sumedang People when DI/TII Movement Spread in 1950-1962”. These main problems are divided into three research questions, namely (1) The background of the emergence of DI/TII Movement at Sumedang in 1950-1962, (2) How the reaction of Sumedang people towards the presence of DI/TII Movement in 1950-1962, (3) How the influence of DI/TII Movement towards Sumedang people in 1950-1962. The aim of this study is to Explain the background about the emergence of DI/TII Movement at Sumedang in 1950-1962, Explaining the reaction of Sumedang people towards the presence of DI/TII Movement in 1950-1962, Describing the influence of DI/TII Movement towards the condition of Sumedang people in 1960-1962, and explaining the ending of DI/TII Movement in Sumedang. Method which is used is historical method. To deepen this analysis, the researcher uses interdisciplinary approach through study towards oral source, files, and previous researches. The background of DI/TII Movement presence at Sumedang in 1950’s was only the beginning from the purpose of the emergence of DI/TII Movement, namely, the emergence of NII in West Java which was led by Kartosuwiryo. The presence of DI/TII Movement disturbed the Sumedang people because they often forced Sumedang people to pay taxes and allowances, if they did not pay, the DI/TII would do violence acts towards Sumedang people such as burnt people houses. Such situation triggered reaction from Sumedang people, among others, many Sumedang people who rejected the presence of DI/TII movement and some who supported DI/TII movement. The rejection by Sumedang people because the activities which were conducted by DI/TII Movement arouse restlessness among Sumedang people. Many of them who had to flee to safer places because they were afraid to be attacked by DI/TII or because they did not have house anymore because their houses had been burnt by DI/TII. Others chose to support DI/TII because several reasons, among others, they were afraid that they would be killed by DI/TII if they did not join DI/TII by giving information about Sumedang people condition which they visited, and there were also who chose to join DI/TII because they felt disappointed towards Sumedang people who did not choose them to be the Head of the Village. The presence of DI/TII Movement gave influence towards the condition of social, peacefulness and also economy of Sumedang people. Such conditions were also felt by Sumedang people until 1962 when DI/TII leader with his followers were captured which made their influence weakened and gradually the condition of Sumedang people was back to normal

THE PERCEPTION OF STROKE ON IADL

Background: Residents in a skilled nursing home receiving rehabilitative services following a stroke may value instrumental activity of daily living (IADL) tasks more than ADL tasks. This research investigates the impact of IADL tasks on quality of life (QoL). Purpose: The research questions were: How do individuals post-stroke and receiving occupational therapy services in a skilled nursing facility perceive their participation, or lack of participation, in IADL, and how does this impact their perceived QoL? Theoretical Framework. The theoretical framework that guided this project was the Model of Human Occupation. Methods. A phenomenological research-based qualitative approach designed to understand perceptions of stroke on QoL from lived experiences. Participants were recruited through convenient sampling, and interview questions and a Likert scale were employed. Results. Three themes: Doing things by myself, My level of confidence, and IADL tasks impact my QoL. This study revealed that participants found performance in IADL tasks meaningful despite having challenges with ADLs. They described how they valued doing things independently and would give full effort to regain function. Some participants also demonstrated self-awareness of their limitations and plans for effective discharge. Finally, all the participants expressed how IADL tasks impact their QoL. Conclusions: There was a positive connection between the performance of IADL tasks and QoL. Invariably, participants described a meaningful QoL with an increased chance of returning to IADL performance

Comparison of Academic Motivation in Different Phases of Optometry Studies

The changes in motivation cause an impact on students’ behavior related to academic success. The online survey found that a significant variation of academic motivation occurred in four different phases of Optometry studies. The 3rd year preclinical students displayed a lack of motivation compared to other student groups. This indicated changes in learning adaptation for different syllabus and approaches in educational stages. The academic performance correspondent with the students’ motivation as higher motivation gave better academic performance. Thus, understanding students' academic motivation permits educators to improve the educational approaches in teaching and learning to enhance student performance. Keywords: Motivation; Optometry, Health Sciences, Education eISSN: 2398-4287© 2020. The Authors. Published for AMER ABRA cE-Bs by e-International Publishing House, Ltd., UK. This is an open access article under the CC BYNC-ND license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/). Peer–review under responsibility of AMER (Association of Malaysian Environment-Behaviour Researchers), ABRA (Association of Behavioural Researchers on Asians) and cE-Bs (Centre for Environment-Behaviour Studies), Faculty of Architecture, Planning & Surveying, Universiti Teknologi MARA, Malaysia. DOI: https://doi.org/10.21834/ebpj.v5i15.249

The Association of Awareness and Knowledge of Diabetic Retinopathy with Age and Residential Area In Selangor

The association of the awareness and knowledge of diabetic retinopathy with the age and residential area were investigated among selected Selangor populations. A cross sectional study was conducted using open-ended questions. Only half of the selected population was aware and had knowledge of diabetic retinopathy. The awareness was significantly associated with the age among urban and rural residential population but not with residential area. Health education programs could be suggested to increase the awareness of diabetic retinopathy among the population. By having awareness and knowledge, early complications of the diabetic can be detected and prevention can be secured, thus, improved one’s quality of life

Strategies for Developing Tapis Craft Tourism Villages and Supply Chain in Creative Industries in Negeri Katon Village of Pesawaran, Lampung

This research discusses the strategy of developing a Tapis craft tourism village and the tourism supply chain in Negeri Katon village, Pesawaran district. The purpose of this study is to identify tourism potential and formulate strategies for developing Tapis craft tourism villages and tourism supply chains. The method used in this study is to use SWOT analysis which includes IFAS, EFAS, IE and SWOT matrices. Based on the results of the research conducted, there are several tourism potentials that can be developed. The IFAS matrix analysis produces 5 strengths and 4 weaknesses, while based on the EFAS matrix analysis there are 3 opportunities and 2 threats. The IE matrix shows that the development of tourist villages is in quadrant one position. The conclusion of this research is that based on the SWOT analysis, there are several alternative strategies that are produced including involving the community in the development of tourist villages starting from planning, implementing and evaluating, making tour package programs, making photo spots for tourists, assisting the community to ensure the program runs well, increasing human resource capabilities, taking advantage of technological developments to maximize promotions, forming tourism management institutions, encouraging people to become entrepreneurs in the culinary field, utilizing and managing people's homes as homestays, building tourist facilities and infrastructure, creating Tapis culture week activity programs, involving the younger generation in exhibition activities, forming the Tapis community, including Tapis lessons in formal schools, improving coordination between craftsmen and the government as well as providing counseling and education to the community

Eye Movements Behaviour in Reading Different Text Sizes among University Students

Reading efficiency is one of the main concerns among the teachers, publishers, and also eye care practitioners. The size of the text was among factor that might affect the reading. The eye movement behaviour was studied in six different text legibility. The saccades and fixation were recorded and tracked among twenty-five university students. Significant changes in eye movements behaviour in term of saccades and fixations occurred when the university students read passages with different text legibility. The eye movements behaviour was able to adapt to the changes in shape, and size of presented reading materials for better understanding of reading.Keywords: eye movements; saccadic; fixation; readingeISSN: 2398-4287 © 2019. The Authors. Published for AMER ABRA cE-Bs by e-International Publishing House, Ltd., UK. This is an open-access article under the CC BYNC-ND license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/). Peer–review under responsibility of AMER (Association of Malaysian Environment-Behaviour Researchers), ABRA (Association of Behavioural Researchers on Asians) and cE-Bs (Centre for Environment-Behaviour Studies), Faculty of Architecture, Planning & Surveying, Universiti Teknologi MARA, Malaysia.DOI: https://doi.org/10.21834/e-bpj.v4i12.191

The Effect of Different Locations of Simulated Central Vision Scotoma on Quality of Reading

As a person read, the eyes move to extract information from the printed text. Reading became disturbed when obstructed by the scotoma. The effect of reading and eye movement were investigated between different locations of simulated central vision scotoma. The time to read the text and the eye movements were recorded and tracked among eleven participants. The reading speed showed a significant difference at different locations of central scotoma simulation. The presence of central scotoma affects the quality of reading as the eye moved slowly during reading in order to comprehend the text

PENGARUH ASOSIASI MEREK, KEPERCAYAAN MEREK DAN KUALITAS PRODUK TERHADAP LOYALITAS KONSUMEN DENGAN KEPUASAN KONSUMEN SEBAGAI VARIABEL MEDIASI PADA PERUSAHAAN TELEKOMUNIKASI TRI DI KOTA BANDA ACEH

ABSTRAKAbstrak Karya Akhir diserahkan kepada Panitia Komisi Ujian untuk mendapatkan Gelar Magister Manajemen pada Program Pascasarjana Universitas Syiah Kuala PENGARUH ASOSIASI MEREK, KEPERCAYAAN MEREK DAN KUALITAS PRODUK TERHADAP LOYALITAS KONSUMEN DENGAN KEPUASAN KONSUMEN SEBAGAI VARIABEL MEDIASI PADA PERUSAHAAN TELEKOMUNIKASI TRI DI KOTA BANDA ACEHOleh YODI SATRIA BUARINIM : 1409200020034Konsentrasi : Manajemen UmumPembimbing Pertama : Dr. Mirza Tabrani, SE, MBAPembimbing Kedua : Dr. Sorayanti Utami, SE, MMTujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui: (1) pengaruh asosiasi merek terhadap loyalitas konsumen (2) pengaruh kepercayaan merek terhadap loyalitas konsumen, (3) pengaruh kualitas produk terhadap loyalitas konsumen (4) pengaruh asosiasi merek terhadap kepuasan konsumen (5) pengaruh kepercayaan merek terhadap kepuasan konsumen, (6) pengaruh kualitas produk terhadap kepuasan konsumen (7) pengaruh kepuasan konsumen terhadap loyalitas konsumen (8) pengaruh tidak langsung asosiasi merek, terhadap loyalitas konsumen melalui kepuasan konsumen, (9) pengaruh tidak langsung kepercayaan terhadap loyalitas konsumen melalui kepuasan konsumen dan (10) besarnya pengaruh tidak langsung kualitas produk terhadap loyalitas konsumen melalui kepuasan konsumen. Penelitian ini dilakukan pada Perusahaan Telekomunikasi TRI di Kota Banda Aceh. Adapun yang menjadi objek penelitian ini adalah asosiasi merek, kepercayaan merek, kualitas produk, kepuasan konsumen dan loyalitas. Hasil penelitian membuktikan bahwa terdapat pengaruh asosiasi merek, kepercayaan merek dan kualitas produk berpengaruh terhadap loyalitas konsumen. Hasil penelitian juga membuktikan bahwa asosiasi merek, kepercayaan merek dan kualitas produk berpengaruh terhadap kepuasan konsumen. Hasil penelitian juga membuktikan bahwa kepuasan yang dirasakan oleh konsumen juga berpengaruh terhadap loyalitas konsumen pada Perusahaan Telekomunikasi TRI di Kota Banda Aceh. Hasil pembuktina hipotesis juga membutkikan bahwa terdapat pengaruh tidak langsung asosiasi merek terhadap loyalitas konsumen melalui kepuasan konsumen, terdapat pengaruh tidak langsung kepercayaan merek terhadap loyalitas konsumen melalui kepuasan konsumen dan hasil penelitia membuktikan bahwa terdapat pengaruh tidak langsung kualitas produk terhadap loyalitas konsumen melalui kepuasan konsumen pada Perusahaan Telekomunikasi TRI di Kota Banda Aceh.Kata Kunci: Asosiasi Merek, Kepercayaan Merek, Kualitas Produk, Kepuasan Konsumen dan Loyalitas Konsumen ABSTRACTAbstract of Final Paper Submitted to The Examination Committee in partial fulfilment of the requirements for the degree of Master of Management on Graduate Program of Syiah Kuala UniversityTHE EFFECT OF BRAND ASSOCIATION, BRAND TRUST AND PRODUCT QUALITY ON CONSUMER LOYALTY WITH CUSTOMER SATISFACTION AS MEDIATION VARIABLE IN TRI TELECOMMUNICATION COMPANY IN BANDA ACEH CITYByYODI SATRIA BUARINIM : 1409200020034Specialization : General ManagementSupervisor : Dr. Mirza Tabrani, SE, MBACo-Supervisor : Dr. Sorayanti Utami, SE, MMThe purpose of this research is to know: (1) influence of brand association to consumer loyalty (2) influence of brand trust to consumer loyalty, (3) influence of product quality to consumer loyalty (4) influence of brand association to consumer satisfaction (5) (6) the effect of product quality on consumer satisfaction (7) the influence of customer satisfaction on consumer loyalty (8) indirect influence of brand association, to consumer loyalty through consumer satisfaction, (9) indirect influence of trust on consumer loyalty through satisfaction consumer and (10) the amount of indirect influence of product quality to consumer loyalty through consumer satisfaction. This research was conducted at TRI Telecommunication Company in Banda Aceh City. The object of this research is brand association, brand trust, product quality, customer satisfaction and loyalty. The result of research shows that there is influence of brand association, brand trust and product quality influence to consumer loyalty. The results also prove that brand association, brand trust and product quality influence consumer satisfaction. The results also proved that the satisfaction felt by consumers also affects consumer loyalty to TRI Telecommunication Company in Banda Aceh City. The result of hypotesis busting also membutkikan that there is indirect influence of brand association on consumer loyalty through consumer satisfaction, there is indirect influence of brand trust to consumer loyalty through consumer satisfaction and result of research proves that there is indirect influence of product quality to consumer loyalty through consumer satisfaction at Company TRI Telecommunication in Banda Aceh City.Keywords : Brand Association, Brand Trust, Product Quality, Consumer Satisfaction and Consumer Loyalt

The Impact of Advertising Medium on Consumer Brand Preference for beverages in Osun State, Nigeria

The study examined the roles of advertisement on consumers’ brand preference of beverages, using Cadbury Nigeria PLC as a case study. The primary aim of this research was to examine the influence of advertising on consumers’ buying behaviour, evaluate the influence of advertising on the competitiveness of beverage brands, examine the influence of advertising on the sales performance of Cadbury Nigeria PLC brands and to determine the types of advertising commonly used by Cadbury Nigeria PLC in attracting customers’ preference to its brands. The adopted methodology was a descriptive design with a simple random sampling technique. A Structured questionnaire was designed in the data collection from the respondents of the study area. The collected data was analysed using simple percentage and frequencies and the results were presented in tables. The Findings of the study indicated that advertising significant influenced consumers’ buying behaviour of beverage drinks and sales performance of Cadbury Nigeria PLC Brands in Osun State. The radio, television, billboards and internet (online) advertisements are the types of advertising media used by Cadbury in attracting customers to its brands. Conclusively, advertisement is a major element in maintaining consumer brand preference. Therefore, companies are encouraged to research continuously into quality improvement with effective advertising media that attracts consumer’s attention and interest to their products. Keywords: Advertisement, Brand preference, Buying behaviour, and Advertising campaign DOI: 10.7176/JMCR/87-01 Publication date:October 31st 202

Partisipasi Anggaran, Budgetary Slack dan Kendali Spiritualitas (Studi Pada Dinas-Dinas Kabupaten Semarang)

Penelitian ini dilakukan untuk menguji bagaimana pengaruh yang dihasilkan dari variabel partisipasi anggaran terhadap variabel budgetary slack (senjangan anggaran) yang dimoderasi oleh variabel kendali spiritualitas. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode penelitian kuantitatif dengan pendekatan statistik deskriptif. Sampel pada penelitian ini adalah sebanyak 105 responden yang merupakan pegawai-pegawai pada 16 Dinas Kabupaten Semarang yang ikut berpartisipasi dalam proses penyusunan anggaran. Metode pengambilan data dengan menyebarkan kuesioner dan teknik pengambilan sampel dengan menggunakan metode purposive sampling. Analisis yang digunakan adalah analisis regresi interaksi. Hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa partisipasi anggaran dapat berpengaruh untuk terjadinya budgetary slack. Penelitian ini juga menunjukkan bahwa kendali spiritualitas tidak bisa memoderasi pengaruh partisipasi anggaran terhadap budgetary slack. Melalui penelitian ini diharapkan dapat menambah pengetahuan mengenai pengaruh partisipasi anggaran terhadap budgetary slack yang dimoderasi dengan kendali spiritualitas.This research was conducted to examines the influence of budgeting participation variable to budgetary slack variable which is moderated by spirituality control. This research is quantitative research with descriptive statistic method. The participant of this research are 105 respondents who are the employees of 16 Semarang Regency Government Offices that involve in budgeting process. The sampling technique is purposive sampling with distributing questionnaire. The analysis is interaction regression analysis. The result of this research showed that budgeting participation can be influenced to budgetary slack. This research also showed that spirituality control can’t be moderated by the influence of budgeting participation to budgetary slack. Through this research, the researcher expect to give knowledge of the influence of budgeting participation to budgetary slack which moderated by spirituality control