Export Entry in Small Companies: Effecs of Timing on Strategy and Performance

New and small companies are increasingly active in exporting, but little is known about relationships between timing of this decision and international strategy. or performance. This exploratory study examines effects of early and late export entry on international strategy and performance in a sample of 134 exporting U S. manufacturers. Results show different patterns of international strategy are associated with early versus late export entry, and that depending on timing of this entry, certain strategies result in improved performance

Verschraenkung versus Stosszahlansatz: Disappearance of the Thermodynamic Arrow in a High-Correlation Environment

The crucial role of ambient correlations in determining thermodynamic behavior is established. A class of entangled states of two macroscopic systems is constructed such that each component is in a state of thermal equilibrium at a given temperature, and when the two are allowed to interact heat can flow from the colder to the hotter system. A dilute gas model exhibiting this behavior is presented. This reversal of the thermodynamic arrow is a consequence of the entanglement between the two systems, a condition that is opposite to molecular chaos and shown to be unlikely in a low-entropy environment. By contrast, the second law is established by proving Clausius' inequality in a low-entropy environment. These general results strongly support the expectation, first expressed by Boltzmann and subsequently elaborated by others, that the second law is an emergent phenomenon that requires a low-entropy cosmological environment, one that can effectively function as an ideal information sink.Comment: 4 pages, REVTeX

An Investigation of Gold Open Access Publications of STEM Faculty at a Public University in the United States

This study investigated Gold Open Access journal publication by science and engineering faculty at the authors’ university from 2013 to 2022. Specifically, did Gold Open Access (OA) by these faculty increase, and did the publication rate vary between disciplines? The authors found that Gold OA publication increased by 176% over the past 10 years, and that an important factor was the Libraries’ creation of an Open Access Publishing Fund in 2017. Disciplinary differences in publication rates were also notable, with life sciences research showing the highest rates of open access publication. An analysis of where our faculty are publishing found that MDPI is the most popular Open Access publisher in STEM fields, but many of the new Gold Open Access journals from traditional STEM publishers are also being chosen

Gold Open Access Publishing Rates Spanning 10 years in Science and Engineering Disciplines at Rowan University

Our lighting talk will share data from an analysis of 10 years of Gold open access publications at our university, a rising R2 public University in New Jersey. Our talk will show the increase in Gold Open Access publishing in the sciences of 176% over the ten years and the impact the library Open Access Publishing Fund has had in STEM. In addition, we will share STEM disciplinary differences in publication rates in Gold Open Access. Our talk will conclude by sharing the publishers with the highest rate of publishing Gold Open Access for our Science and Engineering Faculty. Our data can help inform which science disciplines need help with publishing open access and can inform open access education efforts at a University looking to expand open access possibilities to their community

Response of Brood-Parasitic Bronzed Cowbird to Playback of the Song of Audubon\u27s Oriole

ABSTRACT—In the Lower Rio Grande Valley of South Texas, Audubon’s orioles (Icterus graduacauda) have declined substantially in the past 50 y, probably due to habitat loss, fragmentation, and brood parasitism by bronzed cowbirds (Molothrus aeneus). Tape playback of the song of Audubon’s oriole, originally intended to better survey the oriole, also attracted bronzed cowbirds. Bronzed cowbirds flew silently into the nearest tree in 14.1% of 234 playbacks, whereas Audubon’s orioles responded vocally or flew toward the recorder in 15.8% of playbacks. Bronzed cowbirds might use vocalizations of Audubon’s oriole as a cue to find breeding pairs or nests of this secretive species, which usually forages and sings within dense foliage. RESUMEN—En el Bajo Valle del Rı´o Grande del sur de Tejas, la poblacio´n de chorcha de cabeza negra (Icterus graduacauda) se ha disminuido de una manera substancial en los u´ltimos cincuenta an˜os. Esto se debe probablemente a la pe´rdida de habitats, fragmentacio´n, o quiza´s al empollamiento parasitario practicado por los pa´jaros vaqueros bronceados (Molothrus aeneus). Grabaciones emitidas del canto de la chorcha de cabeza negra, que inicialmente estaban destinadas a la inspeccio´n de estos pa´jaros, tambie´n llamaron la atencio´n de los vaqueros bronceados. Los resultados indicaron que los vaqueros bronceados volaron silenciosamente al a´rbol ma´s cercano en un 14.1% de las 234 emisiones de las grabaciones del canto de la chorcha de cabeza negra mientras que las chorchas de cabeza negra respondieron vocalmente o volaron hacia la fuente del sonido grabado en un 15.8% del total de las emisiones. Los pa´jaros vaqueros bronceados pueden usar sonidos de la chorcha de cabeza negra como una guı´a para encontrar pares de crı´a o nidos de esta especie de conducta reservada que se alimenta de forrajes y que canta en medio de densos follajes

Distortion and regulation characterization of a Mapham inverter

Output voltage Total Harmonic Distortion (THD) of a 20kHz, 6kVA Mapham resonant inverter is characterized as a function of its switching-to-resonant frequency ratio, f sub s/f sub r, using the EASY5 engineering analysis system. EASY5 circuit simulation results are compared with hardware test results to verify the accuracy of the simulations. The effects of load on the THD versus f sub s/f sub r ratio is investigated for resistive, leading, and lagging power factor load impedances. The effect of the series output capacitor on the Mapham inverter output voltage distortion and inherent load regulation is characterized under loads of various power factors and magnitudes. An optimum series capacitor value which improves the inherent load regulation to better than 3 percent is identified. The optimum series capacitor value is different than the value predicted from a modeled frequency domain analysis. An explanation is proposed which takes into account the conduction overlap in the inductor pairs during steady-state inverter operation, which decreases the effective inductance of a Mapham inverter. A fault protection and current limit method is discussed which allows the Mapham inverter to operate into a short circuit, even when the inverter resonant circuit becomes overdamped

Resources in Small Firms: An Exploratory Study

The importance of resources to firms is well documented in theory, texts and empirical studies. Yet, research focuses on acquisition of financial resources, with less attention given to other types. Prescriptions emphasize resource a/location or fit to opportunities, often treating resources in the aggregate without considering unique distinctions in resource types or usage. This paper argues that there are five distinct types of resources applicable to small firms- human, social, organizational, physical and financial. An exploratory study of 76 firms examines the relative importance of these resource types and analyzes relationships between resources and characteristics of the owner/founder and organization. Findings show overall higher ratings for physical and organizational resources than for financial resources. Results indicate few differences in resources depending on owner/founder characteristics or industrial sector

CONTINUED EASTWARD RANGE EXPANSION OF BLACK PHOEBES (SAYORNIS NIGRICANS) IN SOUTHERNMOST TEXAS

ABSTRACT—We observed black phoebe (Sayornis nigricans) nests, breeding pairs, and juveniles in Cameron County, Texas, in 2017. Our first confirmed nesting records in Cameron County document a continued eastward range expansion by black phoebes. RESUMEN—En el 2017, observamos nidos, parejas reproductoras y juveniles del p´ajaro mosquero negro (Sayornis nigricans) en el condado de Cameron, Texas. Los primeros registros confirmados de reproducci ´on en el condado de Cameron son evidencia de una continua expansi´on hacia el este de la distribuci ´on geogr´afica del mosquero negro

The Impact of Resources on Small Firm Internationalization

Theory posits that resource type and composition determine a firm's geographic scope.  To date,  few   studies   test   this  premise.  This  article  compares   resource  profiles   of internationalized  and non-internationalized  small firms,  then examines  the impact  of five types of resources  on their  internationalization  strategies.   Results  show  that resource profiles differ between internationalized and non-internationalized firms, and that social and financial resources   are   more   important   than  human   resources  for   small  firms   pursuing   an internationalization  strategy.   For firms  selling a greater  variety of international products, achieved owner founder  attributes need to be strong. Small firm  managers should build a solid social network and develop international competencies if they plan to internationalize