Évolution du Service de Traduction et Interprétariat en Milieu Social Bruxellois (SeTIS Bruxelles) : de la Reconnaissance à la Valorisation des Compétences chez l’Interprète

Résumé : La traduction et l’interprétation professionnelles de services publics (TISP) sont présentes en Belgique depuis les années 1970, mais ont vraiment pris leur envol en 1992. Une augmentation constante de la demande, ainsi qu’une exigence d’amélioration de la qualité, ont suivi. Par conséquent, en Belgique, la professionnalisation des traducteurs et interprètes en milieu social est devenue une question centrale dès le début des années 2000. Parallèlement, des besoins spécifiques sont apparus et le Service de Traduction et Interprétariat en milieu social bruxellois (SeTIS Bruxelles) a mis en place une offre adaptée à ces évolutions. Dans cet article, nous proposons une réflexion sur cette adaptation aux changements législatifs et sur la pratique actuelle de la "collaboration thérapeute-interprète" en santé mentale. Pour le SeTIS Bruxelles, le futur de la TISP requiert une adaptation aux besoins exprimés par le terrain, ainsi qu’une plus grande valorisation du bagage personnel et culturel de l’interprète. Resumen: La traducción e interpretación profesionales para los servicios públicos han estado presente en Bélgica desde tan pronto como los años 1970 pero han tenido que esperar hasta el 1992 para despegar. Al tiempo que las solicitudes y la exigencia de mejoramiento cualitativo incrementaban constantemente, la profesionalización de los traductores e intérpretes para los servicios públicos en Bélgica se ha convertido en una cuestión clave desde el inicio de los años 2000. Paralelamente, las necesidades específicas no tardaron en llegar y el Servicio de Traducción e Interpretación en el ámbito Social de Bruselas (SeTIS Bruxelles) ha desarrollado una oferta adaptada a esas evoluciones. En este artículo, nos interesaremos a los cambios legislativos y a las prácticas actuales de “colaboración terapeuta-intérprete” en el sector de la salud mental. Para el SeTIS Bruxelles, el futuro de la TISP requiere la adaptación a las necesidades del terreno valorizando el bagaje cultural y personal del intérprete. 

FM stars II: a Fourier view of pulsating binary stars - determining binary orbital parameters photometrically for highly eccentric cases

Continuous and precise space-based photometry has made it possible to measure the orbital frequency modulation of pulsating stars in binary systems with extremely high precision over long time spans. Frequency modulation caused by binary orbital motion manifests itself as a multiplet with equal spacing of the orbital frequency in the Fourier transform. The amplitudes and phases of the peaks in these multiplets reflect the orbital properties, hence the orbital parameters can be extracted by analysing such precise photometric data alone. We derive analytically the theoretical relations between the multiplet properties and the orbital parameters, and present a method for determining these parameters, including the eccentricity and the argument of periapsis, from a quintuplet or a higher order multiplet. This is achievable with the photometry alone, without spectroscopic radial velocity measurements. We apply this method to Kepler mission data of KIC 8264492, KIC 9651065, and KIC 10990452, each of which is shown to have an eccentricity exceeding 0.5. Radial velocity curves are also derived from the Kepler photometric data. We demonstrate that the results are in good agreement with those obtained by another technique based on the analysis of the pulsation phases

Go up in smoke:proof of concept study on tobacco craving in a VR environment

Background: Recent technological developments in virtual reality (VR) provide a potential to reduce the burden of tobacco addiction. Despite efforts to reduce smoking initiation and to increase smoking cessation, still approximately 19.2% of female and 25.7% of male adults in the Netherlands smoke. Recent research indicates even higher prevalence rates in vulnerable groups, such as individuals with intellectual disability, mental illness, or low socio-economic status. One of the factors in the persistence of tobacco related disorders, is that smoking cessation programs are only successful in about 10-16% of patients. Moreover, existing treatments may not be suitable for vulnerable groups, which might hinder uptake and effectiveness. Several studies in the area of VR have assessed the potential to evoke craving as part of cue-reactivity. However, research on cue-exposure therapy, which is based on the extinction of a conditioned response, reports only limited effects. Thus, teaching coping strategies in VR that are related to real-life situations, might be a potential approach for behavior change, especially in groups that barely benefit of existing cessation programs.Methods: This research comprises two evaluations with each three iterations as part of a user-centered development approach. Recruited participants were heavy smokers (Fagerström >= 5) from three Dutch healthcare institutions, involving individuals with intellectual disability, mental illness, and pulmonal issues. The first part of participants derived from every subgroup participated (1) to improve the cue-reactivity environment, procedure and related measurements. The other part applied (2) virtual coping strategies after being exposed to the previously improved cue-reactivity environment to explore and refine possibilities for craving reduction. Self-reported data (VAS, QSU-Brief), psychophysiological measures (GSR, HR), and eye-tracking were used as a potential continuous measurement of craving. Moreover, the think-aloud protocol was employed to improve the user’s experience based on the cognitive insights.Findings: Twenty-three participants participated in the first study group to improve the cue-reactivity and related measurements within the virtual environment. Preliminary results indicate a significantly increased level of craving after exposure compared to baseline. Participants in all subgroups successfully managed to use the VR-application while an increasing age revealed more problems in handling controls. Smoking-related cues and contexts were rated highly individually due to personal habits. The incorporated multimodal interactions involving smell, sound, and haptics have been identified to be important factors that influence cravings. Moreover, social influences and emotional distress have been reported to influence the urge to smoke. To continuously monitor craving levels in vulnerable groups, eye-tracking has been reported unfeasible due to complicate calibration procedures. Furthermore, motion artifacts and uncontrollable contextual variables might bias the measurement of galvanic skin responses.Discussion: The preliminary results are in line with the previous research in the field of VR cue-reactivity by showing significant increases in craving within the subgroup of vulnerable individuals. The iterative development approach indicates a need for highly personalizable environments with complex multimodal cues, that involve social interactions and affective influences. Future research should investigate the potential of coping skills training by providing scientifically validated relaxation and distraction exercises.Acknowledgement: This work is supported by the Pioneers in Health Care project GoUpInSmoke. The authors gratefully acknowledge the contribution of Sytze Sicco Smit, Christa ten Bolscher, Saskia van Horsen, and all our participants

Effect of inelastic scattering on parametric pumping

Pumping of charge in phase-coherent mesoscopic systems due to the out-of-phase modulation of two parameters has recently found considerable interest. We investigate the effect of inelastic processes on the adiabatically pumped current through a two terminal mesoscopic sample. We find that the loss of coherence does not suppress the pumped charge but rather an additional physical mechanism for an incoherent pump effect comes into play. In a fully phase incoherent system the pump effect is similar to a rectification effect

Mediterranean-type diet and brain structural change from 73 to 76 years in a Scottish cohort

STUDY FUNDING The data were collected by a Research into Ageing programme grant; research continues as part of the Age UK–funded Disconnected Mind project. The work was undertaken by The University of Edinburgh Centre for Cognitive Ageing and Cognitive Epidemiology, part of the cross-council Lifelong Health and Wellbeing Initiative (MR/K026992/1), with funding from the BBSRC and Medical Research Council. Imaging and image analysis was performed at the Brain Research Imaging Centre (sbirc.ed.ac.uk/), Edinburgh, supported by the Scottish Funding Council SINAPSE Collaboration. Derivation of mean cortical thickness measures was funded by the Scottish Funding Council’s Postdoctoral and Early Career Researchers Exchange Fund awarded by SINAPSE to David Alexander Dickie. L.C.A.C. acknowledges funding from the Scottish Government's Rural and Environment Science and Analytical Services (RESAS) division.Peer reviewedPublisher PD

Adiabatic spin pumping through a quantum dot with a single orbital level

We investigate an adiabatic spin pumping through a quantum dot with a single orbital energy level under the Zeeman effect. Electron pumping is produced by two periodic time dependent parameters, a magnetic field and a difference of the dot-lead coupling between the left and right barriers of the dot. The maximum charge transfer per cycle is found to be $e$, the unit charge in the absence of a localized moment in the dot. Pumped charge and spin are different, and spin pumping is possible without charge pumping in a certain situation. They are tunable by changing the minimum and maximum value of the magnetic field.Comment: RevTeX4, 5 pages, 3 figure

Acoustoelectric pumping through a ballistic point contact in the presence of magnetic fields

The acoustoelectric current, J, induced in a ballistic point contact (PC) by a surface acoustic wave is calculated in the presence of a perpendicular magnetic field, B. It is found that the dependence of the current on the Fermi energy in the terminals is strongly correlated with that of the PC conductance: J is small at the conductance plateaus, and is large at the steps. Like the conductance, the acoustoelectric current has the same functional behavior as in the absence of the field, but with renormalized energy scales, which depend on the strength of the magnetic field, | B|.Comment: 7 page

Floquet scattering theory of quantum pumps

We develop the Floquet scattering theory for quantum mechanical pumping in mesoscopic conductors. The nonequilibrium distribution function, the dc charge and heat currents are investigated at arbitrary pumping amplitude and frequency. For mesoscopic samples with discrete spectrum we predict a sign reversal of the pumped current when the pump frequency is equal to the level spacing in the sample. This effect allows to measure the phase of the transmission coefficient through the mesoscopic sample. We discuss the necessary symmetry conditions (both spatial and temporal) for pumping.Comment: 11 pages, 5 figure

Adiabatic transport in nanostructures

A confined system of non-interacting electrons, subject to the combined effect of a time-dependent potential and different external chemical-potentials, is considered. The current flowing through such a system is obtained for arbitrary strengths of the modulating potential, using the adiabatic approximation in an iterative manner. A new formula is derived for the charge pumped through an un-biased system (all external chemical potentials are kept at the same value); It reproduces the Brouwer formula for a two-terminal nanostructure. The formalism presented yields the effect of the chemical potential bias on the pumped charge on one hand, and the modification of the Landauer formula (which gives the current in response to a constant chemical-potential difference) brought about by the modulating potential on the other. Corrections to the adiabatic approximation are derived and discussed.Comment: 8 pages, 2 figure