Native American Sovereignty in Maine

The nationally unique 1980 Maine Indian land claims settlement brought benefits to three of Maine’s tribes—the Penobscot Nation, Passmaquoddy Tribe, and Houlton Band of Maliseets. However, serious problems remain with the economic, health, and educational status of tribal members. Moreover, another group, the Aroostook Band of Micmacs, was not included in the original settlement. Brimley’s analysis of Native American sovereignty in Maine reviews the foundation of the land claims settlement, how it came to be enacted, its terms, and its impact on Maine’s tribes. He notes how the recent failure of tribal efforts to build a casino in the southern part of the state has exacerbated already-strained state-tribal relations

Five Hundred Sixty Nations Among Us: Understanding the Basics of Native American Sovereignty

Stephen Brimley presents a general background on the historical context of Native American tribal sovereignty on the national level, and the current political and legal environment in which tribal rights are defined. He describes how tribes have retained varying degrees of the rights they had prior to European contact, and the ways in which state power over tribes has been expanded through court action in the past several decades. Maine’s Native American groups are in a somewhat unique situation with regard to sovereignty, as defined in the Maine Indian Land Claims Settlement Act of 1980

The development of the Canadian Mobile Servicing System Kinematic Simulation Facility

Canada will develop a Mobile Servicing System (MSS) as its contribution to the U.S./International Space Station Freedom. Components of the MSS will include a remote manipulator (SSRMS), a Special Purpose Dexterous Manipulator (SPDM), and a mobile base (MRS). In order to support requirements analysis and the evaluation of operational concepts related to the use of the MSS, a graphics based kinematic simulation/human-computer interface facility has been created. The facility consists of the following elements: (1) A two-dimensional graphics editor allowing the rapid development of virtual control stations; (2) Kinematic simulations of the space station remote manipulators (SSRMS and SPDM), and mobile base; and (3) A three-dimensional graphics model of the space station, MSS, orbiter, and payloads. These software elements combined with state of the art computer graphics hardware provide the capability to prototype MSS workstations, evaluate MSS operational capabilities, and investigate the human-computer interface in an interactive simulation environment. The graphics technology involved in the development and use of this facility is described

Notes on the Reproduction of Certain Reptiles

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Paper Session III-B - In-Space Operations Driven Mars Transfer Vehicle System

Mars transfer vehicles (MTV\u27s) using nuclear thermal propulsion (NTP) to reduce transit time introduce a new dimension in the design for in-space operations. The objective of the paper is to define practical concepts based on a set of design-for-operation strategies. An artificial-g MTV using NTP is characterized in this study. Manifests of MTV elements for the heavy lift launch vehicles (HLLV\u27s) are shown to affect in-space assembly and maintenance requirements. A main goal is to minimize EVA operations during the assembly of a MTV in Low-Earth-Orbit (LEO). Self-build, self-build/ depot hybrid, free-flyer robotic spacecrafts, build-up by lunar vehicles, and construction platform are concepts investigated. Maintainability analysis indicates that the self-build/ depot hybrid concept is optimum over the self- build and platform concept

Visual Attention and Driver Performance at Horizontal Curves

Despite the frequency with which drivers encounter curves on highways, curves are regularly identified as locations that experience disproportionately high crash rates. Crash data suggest that inattention is one of the leading causes of crashes at any location and on any facility. Traffic control devices (TCDs) can be installed at curves to provide drivers the information necessary for safe navigation. The research in this dissertation examines the theory that TCDs at curves are not only beneficial because they provide drivers information, but also because TCDs promote increased attention. With increased attention, drivers then navigate the curve more safely. A study of driver behavior was conducted to examine three hypotheses regarding the relationships between driver attention, navigational performance, and TCDs that are used at curves: 1) TCDs lead to improvements in operational performance at curves, 2) TCDs lead to increased attention in advance of curves, and 3) increased attention before curves leads to improved performance within the curve. The driver-behavior study included the collection of eye-tracking and operations (speed and acceleration) data from unfamiliar drivers on a two-lane highway. Data were collected from over 100 study participants who each drove for approximately 1 hour. The hypotheses were tested using multivariable mixed models that identify relationships between the three components (TCDs, attention, and performance) while accounting for geometric and operational features at each curve. The principal findings from the study are that: 1) drivers operationally respond to TCDs by adopting a more-conservative behavior, 2) TCDs affect attention by influencing when drivers perceive relevant curve information, and 3) an earlier increase in cognition leads to a more-conservative navigation. Since TCDs influence where drivers perceive a curve, and the perception influences the operational performance, it is suggested that the selection of TCDs at curves can be based on the distance required for drivers to make a natural maneuver in advance of the curve in preparation for navigating it

The Wecken property for random selfmaps on surfaces with boundary

A selfmap is Wecken when the minimal number of fixed points among all maps in its homotopy class is equal to the Nielsen number, a homotopy invariant lower bound on the number of fixed points. All selfmaps are Wecken for manifolds of dimension not equal to 2, but some non-Wecken maps exist on surfaces. We attempt to measure how common the Wecken property is on surfaces with boundary by estimating the proportion of maps which are Wecken, measured by asymptotic density. Intuitively, this is the probability that a randomly chosen homotopy class of maps consists of Wecken maps. We show that this density is nonzero for surfaces with boundary. When the fundamental group of our space is free of rank n, we give nonzero lower bounds for the density of Wecken maps in terms of n, and compute the (nonzero) limit of these bounds as n goes to infinity

The Wecken property for random maps on surfaces with boundary

A selfmap is Wecken when the minimal number of fixed points among all maps in its homotopy class is equal to the Nielsen number, a homotopy invariant lower bound on the number of fixed points. All selfmaps are Wecken for manifolds of dimension not equal to 2, but some non-Wecken maps exist on surfaces. We attempt to measure how common the Wecken property is on surfaces with boundary by estimating the proportion of maps which are Wecken, measured by asymptotic density. Intuitively, this is the probability that a randomly chosen homotopy class of maps consists of Wecken maps. We show that this density is nonzero for surfaces with boundary. When the fundamental group of our space is free of rank n, we give nonzero lower bounds for the density of Wecken maps in terms of n, and compute the (nonzero) limit of these bounds as n goes to infinity.Comment: 20 pages, 1 stunning figur