Hemogram by flow cytometry: presentation of the normal cytograms and of some modified cytograms in dog and cat with an ADVIA 120 analyser

ADVIA 120 (Siemens diagnostics) is a laboratory automater of hematology which use the flow cytom- etry technology to caracterize cells. Several channels of analysis allow complete numeration and clas- sification of red blood cells (RBC), white blood cells (WBC), and reticulocytes, as well as hemoglobine determination. Hemaglobinemia is determined by two methods: one is spectrophotometric and the other is based on the diffraction of a laser beam. Cytograms called RBC/VHC summarize these data for the RBC and compare them to the normal values for the considered species. Usual ranges of values are delimited by lines and areas which allow different possible classification of RBCs. After lysis of RBC and platelets, white blood cells (WBC) are specifically stained in order to determine their peroxidase activity (correlated with the intensity of the peroxidase staining). All granulocytes stain with peroxidase but with a different degree: neutrophils and eosinophils express a high per- oxidase activity, monocytes a moderate peroxidase activity and lymphocytes a very low peroxidase activity. The graph called PEROX, specific for each species, summarizes data concerning size and per- oxidase activity of each population of WBC. The graph called BASO is another way to classify the WBC, based on their nuclear complexity. Normal and some abnormal cytograms of dog and cat are presented here.L'ADVIA® 120 (Siemens Diagnostics) est un automate d'hématologie utilisant la technologie de cytomètrie en flux pour caractériser les cellules. Différents canaux d'analyse permettent des numérations complètes et des numérations/formules: les canaux hémoglobine, érythrocytes et plaquettes, réticulocytes, péroxydase et complexité nucléaire, ces deux derniers permettant le comptage et la classification des leucocytes. L'hémoglobine est déterminée selon deux méthodes, par spectrophotométrie d'une part et par diffraction de la lumière d'un faisceau laser d'autre part. Le cytogramme RBCNHC résume les données obtenues après analyse des hématies et permet une comparaison visuelle rapide avec les valeurs usuelles de l'espèce concernée. Après lyse sélective des hématies et des plaquettes, les leucocytes sont colorés spécifiquement afin de déterminer leur activité péroxydasique Chez le chien, les granulocytes neutrophiles et éosinophiles présentent une forte activité péroxydasique, les monocytes une activité péroxydasique modérée et les lymphocytes une activité péroxydasique de faible à nulle. Le cytogramme PEROX, spécifique d'espèce, illustre les données concernant la taille et l'activité péroxydasique des leucocytes et permet leur classification. Le cytogramme BASO permet de classer les leucocytes à partir de la complexité de leur noyau. Des cytogrammes normaux et anormaux sont décrits chez le chien et le chat

European multicenter study on antimicrobial resistance in bacteria isolated from companion animal urinary tract infections

BACKGROUND: There is a growing concern regarding the increase of antimicrobial resistant bacteria in companion animals. Yet, there are no studies comparing the resistance levels of these organisms in European countries. The aim of this study was to investigate geographical and temporal trends of antimicrobial resistant bacteria causing urinary tract infection (UTI) in companion animals in Europe. The antimicrobial susceptibility of 22 256 bacteria isolated from dogs and cats with UTI was determined. Samples were collected between 2008 and 2013 from 16 laboratories of 14 European countries. The prevalence of antimicrobial resistance of the most common bacteria was determined for each country individually in the years 2012-2013 and temporal trends of bacteria resistance were established by logistic regression. RESULTS: The aetiology of uropathogenic bacteria differed between dogs and cats. For all bacterial species, Southern countries generally presented higher levels of antimicrobial resistance compared to Northern countries. Multidrug-resistant Escherichia coli were found to be more prevalent in Southern countries. During the study period, the level of fluoroquinolone-resistant E. coli isolated in Belgium, Denmark, France and the Netherlands decreased significantly. A temporal increase in resistance to amoxicillin-clavulanate and gentamicin was observed among E. coli isolates from the Netherlands and Switzerland, respectively. Other country-specific temporal increases were observed for fluoroquinolone-resistant Proteus spp. isolated from companion animals from Belgium. CONCLUSIONS: This work brings new insights into the current status of antimicrobial resistance in bacteria isolated from companion animals with UTI in Europe and reinforces the need for strategies aiming to reduce resistance

Cytologie-Hématologie du chien et du chat : recueil de cas cliniques interactifs. De Delphine Rivière & Arnaud Creton. Med’Com (2017)

Briend-Marchal Alexandra. Cytologie-Hématologie du chien et du chat : recueil de cas cliniques interactifs. De Delphine Rivière & Arnaud Creton. Med’Com (2017). In: Bulletin de l'Académie Vétérinaire de France tome 171 n°1, 2018. p. 62

Detection of SARS‐CoV‐2 in two cats during the second wave of the COVID‐19 pandemic in France

International audienceAlthough there are several reports in the literature of SARS-CoV-2 infection in cats, few SARS-CoV-2 sequences from infected cats have been published. In this study, SARS-CoV-2 infection was evaluated in two cats by clinical observation, molecular biology (qPCR and NGS), and serology (microsphere immunoassay and seroneutralization). Following the observation of symptomatic SARS-CoV-2 infection in two cats, infection status was confirmed by RT-qPCR and, in one cat, serological analysis for antibodies against N-protein and S-protein, as well as neutralizing antibodies. Comparative analysis of five SARS-CoV-2 sequence fragments obtained from one of the cats showed that this infection was not with one of the three recently emerged variants of SARS-CoV-2. This study provides additional information on the clinical, molecular, and serological aspects of SARS-CoV-2 infection in cats

First Evidence of Natural SARS-CoV-2 Infection in Domestic Rabbits

International audienceWe tested 144 pet rabbits sampled in France between November 2020 and June 2021 for antibodies to severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) by microsphere immunoassay. We reported the first evidence of a natural SARS-CoV-2 infection in rabbits with a low observed seroprevalence between 0.7% and 1.4